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本文標(biāo)題：QSettings配置讀寫-win注冊(cè)表操作-ini文件讀寫???? 本文地址：http://techieliang.com/2017/12/674/ 文章目錄

• 1. 介紹
• 2. 創(chuàng)建配置文件
• ?2.1. 配置格式
• ?2.2. 作用域
• ?2.3. 關(guān)于組織、程序名
• 3. 配置文件讀寫
• 4. 范例
• ?4.1. win下SystemScope、IniFormat
• ?4.2. win下UserScope、IniFormat
• ?4.3. win下不設(shè)置IniFormat、UserScope
• ?4.4. win下不設(shè)置IniFormat、SystemScope
• ?4.5. win下InvalidFormat、SystemScope
• ?4.6. win下InvalidFormat、UserScope
• 5. AllKeys
• 6. 高級(jí)
• ?6.1. 自定義讀寫配置方法
• ?6.2. Win特例
• ?6.3. setPath函數(shù)-不同模式、范圍的默認(rèn)路徑

1. 介紹

官方幫助文檔：QSettings

一套完整的配置文件讀寫機(jī)制，多平臺(tái)支持，支持ini文件讀寫、win下注冊(cè)表讀寫等操作。同時(shí)支持當(dāng)前用戶配置及當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)配置兩個(gè)作用范圍。

2. 創(chuàng)建配置文件

配置文件涉及到作用域（scope）、文件名(filename)、組織名(organization)、程序名(application)、配置格式(format)等，下面是可用的構(gòu)造函數(shù)：

QSettings(const QString &organization, const QString &application = QString(), QObject *parent = Q_NULLPTR) //1

QSettings(Scope scope, const QString &organization, const QString &application = QString(), QObject *parent = Q_NULLPTR) //2

QSettings(Format format, Scope scope, const QString &organization, const QString &application = QString(), QObject *parent = Q_NULLPTR) //3

QSettings(const QString &fileName, Format format, QObject *parent = Q_NULLPTR) //3

QSettings(QObject *parent = Q_NULLPTR)

構(gòu)造方式1在win下自動(dòng)在注冊(cè)表讀寫，2也一樣

3如果設(shè)置為ini類型會(huì)在”C:/Users/XXXXX/AppData/Roaming/”用戶范圍建立ini文件，”C:/ProgramData/”系統(tǒng)范圍

4可以指定文件名和類型

2.1. 配置格式

Constant	Value	Description
QSettings::NativeFormat	0	Store the settings using the most appropriate storage format for the platform. On Windows, this means the system registry; on macOS and iOS, this means the CFPreferences API; on Unix, this means textual configuration files in INI format.
QSettings::Registry32Format	2	Windows only: Explicitly access the 32-bit system registry from a 64-bit application running on 64-bit Windows. On 32-bit Windows or from a 32-bit application on 64-bit Windows, this works the same as specifying NativeFormat. This enum value was added in Qt 5.7.
QSettings::Registry64Format	3	Windows only: Explicitly access the 64-bit system registry from a 32-bit application running on 64-bit Windows. On 32-bit Windows or from a 64-bit application on 64-bit Windows, this works the same as specifying NativeFormat. This enum value was added in Qt 5.7.
QSettings::IniFormat	1	Store the settings in INI files.
QSettings::InvalidFormat	16	Special value returned by registerFormat().

2.2. 作用域

QSettings::UserScope	0	Store settings in a location specific to the current user (e.g., in the user’s home directory).
QSettings::SystemScope	1	Store settings in a global location, so that all users on the same machine access the same set of settings.

如果設(shè)置作用域?yàn)橛脩?#xff0c;則先檢查用戶，如果沒有再檢查系統(tǒng)范圍。如果設(shè)置為系統(tǒng)則不會(huì)檢查用戶。

2.3. 關(guān)于組織、程序名

程序具有全局唯一的組織及程序名，可以直接使用。如果需要單獨(dú)建立則不需要

QSettings settings("Moose Soft", "Facturo-Pro");//自定義

//配置全局名稱并使用

QCoreApplication::setOrganizationName("Moose Soft");

QCoreApplication::setApplicationName("Facturo-Pro");

QSettings settings;//此時(shí)可以無參數(shù)構(gòu)造

3. 配置文件讀寫

讀寫配置：setValue、value

為了數(shù)據(jù)的分類明確還提供了配置分組功能，需要使用beginGroup、endGroup 注意begin開始后面代碼表示在組內(nèi)操作，若想訪問組外內(nèi)容必須先end

讀寫時(shí)可以不用group操作，通過以下方式也可表示組的概念：

settings.setValue("mainwindow/size", win->size());

settings.setValue("mainwindow/fullScreen", win->isFullScreen());

settings.setValue("outputpanel/visible", panel->isVisible());

//等效于：

settings.beginGroup("mainwindow");

settings.setValue("size", win->size());

settings.setValue("fullScreen", win->isFullScreen());

settings.endGroup();

settings.beginGroup("outputpanel");

settings.setValue("visible", panel->isVisible());

settings.endGroup();

同時(shí)支持?jǐn)?shù)組beginReadArray、beginWriteArray、endArray 注意begin開始后面代碼表示在組內(nèi)操作，若想訪問組外內(nèi)容必須先end

除此以外還有remove刪除配置內(nèi)容，注意此刪除是完全刪除此配置項(xiàng)，不是把當(dāng)前配置內(nèi)容制空

在讀數(shù)據(jù)之前可以使用contains判斷是否有當(dāng)前key的配置項(xiàng)

還有具有范圍傷害的兩個(gè)方法：clear刪除所有配置項(xiàng)（注冊(cè)表需要符合組合和程序名，ini就是清空）、allKeys讀取當(dāng)前group及下屬所有配置項(xiàng)key的名稱

4. 范例

上面的可能看不懂，下面遍歷一遍win下的配置格式和作用域

4.1. win下SystemScope、IniFormat

#include <QCoreApplication>

#include <QDebug>

#include <QSettings>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

QCoreApplication a(argc,argv);

QSettings config(QSettings::IniFormat, QSettings::SystemScope,"TechieLiang", "testQSettings");

qDebug()<< config.fileName();

//寫入配置文件

config.beginGroup("config");

config.setValue("user_name", "test");

config.setValue("key", 123);

config.endGroup();

config.beginGroup("config");

qDebug()<<config.value("user_name").toString()

<<config.value("key").toInt();

config.beginGroup("config");

return 0;

}

//"C:/ProgramData/TechieLiang/testQSettings.ini"

//"test" 123

4.2. win下UserScope、IniFormat

#include <QCoreApplication>

#include <QDebug>

#include <QSettings>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

QCoreApplication a(argc,argv);

QSettings config(QSettings::IniFormat, QSettings::UserScope,"TechieLiang", "testQSettings");

qDebug()<< config.fileName();

return 0;

}

//"C:/Users/XXXX/AppData/Roaming/TechieLiang/testQSettings.ini"

//XXXX用戶名

4.3. win下不設(shè)置IniFormat、UserScope

QSettings config(QSettings::UserScope,"TechieLiang", "testQSettings");

qDebug()<< config.fileName();

?

//"\\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\TechieLiang\\testQSettings"

4.4. win下不設(shè)置IniFormat、SystemScope

QSettings config(QSettings::SystemScope,"TechieLiang", "testQSettings");

//"\\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\TechieLiang\\testQSettings"

4.5. win下InvalidFormat、SystemScope

QSettings config(QSettings::InvalidFormat,QSettings::SystemScope,"TechieLiang", "testQSettings");

//"C:/ProgramData/TechieLiang/testQSettings.ini"

4.6. win下InvalidFormat、UserScope

QSettings config(QSettings::InvalidFormat,QSettings::UserScope,"TechieLiang", "testQSettings");

//"C:/Users/XXXX/AppData/Roaming/TechieLiang/testQSettings.ini"

//XXXX用戶名

5. AllKeys

QSettings settings;

settings.setValue("fridge/color", QColor(Qt::white));

settings.setValue("fridge/size", QSize(32, 96));

settings.setValue("sofa", true);

settings.setValue("tv", false);

QStringList keys = settings.allKeys();

// keys: ["fridge/color", "fridge/size", "sofa", "tv"]

settings.beginGroup("fridge");

keys = settings.allKeys();

// keys: ["color", "size"]

6. 高級(jí)

6.1. 自定義讀寫配置方法

registerFormat(const QString &extension, ReadFunc readFunc, WriteFunc writeFunc, Qt::CaseSensitivity caseSensitivity = Qt::CaseSensitive)

此方法可以注冊(cè)自定義格式

bool readXmlFile(QIODevice &device, QSettings::SettingsMap &map);

bool writeXmlFile(QIODevice &device, const QSettings::SettingsMap &map);

?

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

const QSettings::Format XmlFormat =

QSettings::registerFormat("xml", readXmlFile, writeXmlFile);

?

QSettings settings(XmlFormat, QSettings::UserScope, "MySoft",

"Star Runner");

?

...

}

6.2. Win特例

windows下可能一個(gè)key同時(shí)具有value和子項(xiàng)目，此時(shí)值需要通過Default或“.”來訪問

On Windows, it is possible for a key to have both a value and subkeys. Its default value is accessed by using “Default” or “.” in place of a subkey:

settings.setValue("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\MySoft\\Star Runner\\Galaxy", "Milkyway");

settings.setValue("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\MySoft\\Star Runner\\Galaxy\\Sun", "OurStar");

settings.value("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\MySoft\\Star Runner\\Galaxy\\Default"); // returns "Milkyway"

6.3. setPath函數(shù)-不同模式、范圍的默認(rèn)路徑

如果開始設(shè)置的范圍、配置格式、文件路徑不對(duì)，也可以通過此函數(shù)修改，主要是按默認(rèn)路徑

void QSettings::setPath(Format format, Scope scope, const QString &path)

對(duì)應(yīng)的默認(rèn)路徑如下：

PlatformFormatScopePath

Windows	IniFormat	UserScope	FOLDERID_RoamingAppData
		SystemScope	FOLDERID_ProgramData
Unix	NativeFormat, IniFormat	UserScope	$HOME/.config
		SystemScope	/etc/xdg
Qt for Embedded Linux	NativeFormat, IniFormat	UserScope	$HOME/Settings
		SystemScope	/etc/xdg
macOS and iOS	IniFormat	UserScope	$HOME/.config
		SystemScope	/etc/xdg

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轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/techiel/p/8030054.html

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