數(shù)據(jù)庫環(huán)境：SQL SERVER 2005

　　有一個(gè)test表，其表結(jié)構(gòu)及數(shù)據(jù)如下圖1。其中，id是主鍵，mid是當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)，pid是父節(jié)點(diǎn)。

要求：查出每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的根節(jié)點(diǎn)，如圖2所示。

　　分析：這需求實(shí)際上樹形查詢的擴(kuò)展，我們可以先找到根節(jié)點(diǎn)，從根節(jié)點(diǎn)往下找到分支節(jié)點(diǎn)，

再從分支節(jié)點(diǎn)往下找葉子節(jié)點(diǎn)。

　　1.數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備

WITH    x0
          AS ( SELECT   1 AS id ,
                        'A' AS mid ,
                        'B' AS pid
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   2 AS id ,
                        'B' AS mid ,
                        'C' AS pid
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   3 AS id ,
                        'C' AS mid ,
                        'N' AS pid
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   4 AS id ,
                        'D' AS mid ,
                        'E' AS pid
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   5 AS id ,
                        'E' AS mid ,
                        'G' AS pid
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   6 AS id ,
                        'G' AS mid ,
                        'K' AS pid
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   7 AS id ,
                        'J' AS mid ,
                        'H' AS pid
             )

View Code

　　2.找到根節(jié)點(diǎn)

,/*找到?jīng)]有父節(jié)點(diǎn)的節(jié)點(diǎn)，即根節(jié)點(diǎn)*/
        x1
          AS ( SELECT   t1.* ,
                        t2.mid AS root_flag
               FROM     x0 t1
                        LEFT JOIN x0 t2 ON t2.mid = t1.pid
             )

View Code

　　3.遞歸查詢

,/*從根節(jié)點(diǎn)往下遞歸*/
        x2 ( id, mid, pid, rid, way )
          AS ( SELECT   t1.id ,
                        t1.mid ,
                        t1.pid ,
                        CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), t1.pid) AS rid ,
                        CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), t1.pid + ',' + t1.mid) AS way
               FROM     x1 t1
               WHERE    t1.root_flag IS NULL
               UNION ALL
               SELECT   t1.id ,
                        t1.mid ,
                        t1.pid ,
                        CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), LEFT(t2.way,
                                                  CHARINDEX(',', t2.way) - 1)) AS rid ,
                        CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), t2.way + ',' + t1.mid) AS way
               FROM     x1 t1
                        INNER JOIN x2 t2 ON t2.mid = t1.pid
             )
    SELECT  id ,
            mid ,
            pid ,
            rid
    FROM    x2
    ORDER BY id

View Code

　　綜合整個(gè)SQL，test表總共被掃描了4次才實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)果。期待有大神提出更好的解決方法。

總結(jié)

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