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linux下仅仅有rman备份集的异机不同文件夹恢复

發布時間：2024/1/17 linux 37 豆豆

生活随笔收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了 linux下仅仅有rman备份集的异机不同文件夹恢复小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.

昨天在客戶那里做了一次rman異機的恢復，把生產庫弄一份給測試庫用，總庫大概80G，總共花費了2個小時，當時客戶的環境是windows 11.2.0.3，今天早晨在linux下又一次測試了一下，記錄下來供大家參考

環境:

全部操作都是按主機名區分

源庫:

主機名 ?bre1 ?實例名為bre1 ?數據文件文件夾在/u01/app/oradata下

目標庫:

主機名 bre2 ? 數據文件準備放在/bre1/oradata下

廢話不多說，以下是實際操作步驟

1.在源庫創建備份集，而且復制到目標庫

拷貝的文件夾可用和原來的備份的時候的文件夾一致，也能夠不一致

備份system表空間rman會自己主動備份參數文件和控制文件

RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/%U.bak';Starting backup at 21-AUG-2014 10:03:35 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/test.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-AUG-2014 10:03:36 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-AUG-2014 10:03:51 piece handle=/home/oracle/03pggb7o_1_1.bak tag=TAG20140821T100336 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 21-AUG-2014 10:03:52 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 21-AUG-2014 10:03:53 piece handle=/home/oracle/04pggb87_1_1.bak tag=TAG20140821T100336 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 21-AUG-2014 10:03:53[oracle@bre2 ~]$ scp bre1:/home/oracle/03pggb7o_1_1.bak . The authenticity of host 'bre1 (192.168.56.45)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 73:56:4c:3a:01:3f:50:c8:d8:3a:5d:d5:21:00:6a:fe. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'bre1,192.168.56.45' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@bre1's password: 03pggb7o_1_1.bak 100% 336MB 37.3MB/s 00:09 [oracle@bre2 ~]$ scp bre1:/home/oracle/04pggb87_1_1.bak . oracle@bre1's password: 04pggb87_1_1.bak 100% 9600KB 9.4MB/s 00:00

2.還原spfile，使用nomount打開數據庫

編輯一個最簡單的pfile，僅僅有db_name就可以：

[oracle@bre2 dbs]$ vi initbre1.ora [oracle@bre2 dbs]$ cat initbre1.ora db_name=bre1
然后就能夠nomount打開數據庫了：

SQL> startup nomount; ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 229683200 bytes Fixed Size 2251936 bytes Variable Size 171967328 bytes Database Buffers 50331648 bytes Redo Buffers 5132288 bytes SQL>
再使用rman來恢復spfile：

RMAN> restore spfile from '/home/oracle/backup/04pggb87_1_1.bak';Starting restore at 21-AUG-2014 9:39:31 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=171 device type=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /home/oracle/backup/04pggb87_1_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete Finished restore at 21-AUG-2014 9:39:32RMAN>
使用spfile來打理數據庫試試

[oracle@bre2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 21 10:08:01 2014Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup nomount; ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initbre1.ora' SQL> startup nomount; ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initbre1.ora' SQL> startup nomount; ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 9925有非常多相關文件夾沒有創建，能夠使用strings spfilebre1.ora來查看一下spfile里面的內容，建好相關的文件夾，而且賦予權限。。這些都搞好后nomount打開數據庫不再報錯。

3.恢復控制文件

登陸到rman，控制文件還原的時候將還原到參數文件指定的位置，所以參數文件指定的控制文件文件夾必須存在，否則報錯，比如以下一開始我沒有創建就報錯，后來創建完畢就不報錯了，假設你想還原到其它地方，能夠改動參數文件指定到對應地址。

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/04pggb87_1_1.bak';Starting restore at 21-AUG-2014 10:26:14 using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/21/2014 10:26:15 ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /home/oracle/04pggb87_1_1.bak ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/control01.ctl" ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 1RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/04pggb87_1_1.bak';Starting restore at 21-AUG-2014 10:26:50 using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/21/2014 10:26:51 ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/bre1/control02.ctl" ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 1 ORA-19600: input file is control file (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/control01.ctl) ORA-19601: output file is control file (/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/bre1/control02.ctl)RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/04pggb87_1_1.bak';Starting restore at 21-AUG-2014 10:27:24 using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/control01.ctl output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/bre1/control02.ctl Finished restore at 21-AUG-2014 10:27:25

4.mount數據庫,注冊備份集

重新啟動數據庫，直接就能夠啟動到mount

SQL> startup mount; ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 835104768 bytes Fixed Size 2257840 bytes Variable Size 503319632 bytes Database Buffers 322961408 bytes Redo Buffers 6565888 bytes Database mounted. SQL>
假設此時備份集所在文件文件夾改變，須要手工catalog注冊備份集，這里我們將拷過來的備份文件拷貝到/home/oracle/backup下，演示一下手工catalog備份集

[oracle@bre2 ~]$ ls 03pggb7o_1_1.bak 04pggb87_1_1.bak pfile.ora test [oracle@bre2 ~]$ mkdir backup [oracle@bre2 ~]$ mv *.bak backup [oracle@bre2 ~]$ ls backup 03pggb7o_1_1.bak 04pggb87_1_1.bakRMAN> catalog backuppiece '/home/oracle/backup/03pggb7o_1_1.bak';Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 21-AUG-2014 10:32:10 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK Crosschecked 1 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 21-AUG-2014 10:32:10Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 21-AUG-2014 10:32:10 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 21-AUG-2014 10:32:11searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... no files catalogedcataloged backup piece backup piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/03pggb7o_1_1.bak RECID=2 STAMP=856175531RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/home/oracle/backup/04pggb87_1_1.bak';cataloged backup piece backup piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/04pggb87_1_1.bak RECID=3 STAMP=856175550
5.使用set newname將數據文件還原到不同文件夾

原來的數據文件文件夾在/u01/admin/oradata以下,我們將數據文件恢復到/bre1/oradata以下，%b的意思是僅僅獲取文件名稱，沒有文件夾信息

[root@bre2 ~]# mkdir -p /bre1/oradata [root@bre2 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /bre1[oracle@bre2 ~]$ rman target /Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 21 10:36:10 2014Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.connected to target database: BRE1 (DBID=2522432392, not open)run{ allocate channel ch1 device type disk; set newname for database to '/bre1/oradata/%b'; restore database; release channel ch1; 6> }using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ch1 channel ch1: SID=396 device type=DISKexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEStarting restore at 21-AUG-2014 10:38:03channel ch1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ch1: restoring datafile 00001 to /bre1/oradata/system01.dbf channel ch1: restoring datafile 00002 to /bre1/oradata/sysaux01.dbf channel ch1: restoring datafile 00003 to /bre1/oradata/undotbs01.dbf channel ch1: restoring datafile 00004 to /bre1/oradata/users01.dbf channel ch1: restoring datafile 00005 to /bre1/oradata/test.dbf channel ch1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/03pggb7o_1_1.bak channel ch1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/03pggb7o_1_1.bak tag=TAG20140821T100336 channel ch1: restored backup piece 1 channel ch1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45 Finished restore at 21-AUG-2014 10:38:48released channel: ch1數據文件都在了： [root@bre2 ~]# ls -l /bre1/oradata total 1564468 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 629153792 Aug 21 10:38 sysaux01.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 734011392 Aug 21 10:38 system01.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Aug 21 10:38 test.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209723392 Aug 21 10:38 undotbs01.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6561792 Aug 21 10:38 users01.dbf

資料上說能夠使用switch datafile all來直接改動控制文件里的文件文件夾，可是我試了一下貌似不行，還是須要在手工rename，以下是我手工改動控制文件里的數據文件文件夾，先看一下當前的數據文件文件夾

SQL> select name from v$datafile;NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/test.dbfSQL> select name from v$tempfile;NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/temp01.dbfSQL> select member from v$logfile;MEMBER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/redo01.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/redo02.log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/redo03.log
我自己寫了一個拼接sql來將數據文件文件夾做轉換：

select 'alter database rename file '''||name||''' to ''/bre1/oradata'||substr(name,length(name)-INSTR(reverse(name),'/')+1,INSTR(reverse(name),'/'))||''';' from v$datafile union all select 'alter database rename file '''||name||''' to ''/bre1/oradata'||substr(name,length(name)-INSTR(reverse(name),'/')+1,INSTR(reverse(name),'/'))||''';' from v$tempfile union all select 'alter database rename file '''||member||''' to ''/bre1/oradata'||substr(member,length(member)-INSTR(reverse(member),'/')+1,INSTR(reverse(member),'/'))||''';' from v$logfile6 ;'ALTERDATABASERENAMEFILE'''||NAME||'''TO''/BRE1/ORADATA'||SUBSTR(NAME,LENGTH(NAME)-INSTR(REVERSE(NAME),'/')+1,INSTR(REVERSE(NAME),'/'))||''';' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/system01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/system01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/sysaux01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/sysaux01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/undotbs01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/undotbs01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/users01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/users01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/test.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/test.dbf'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/temp01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/temp01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/redo01.log' to '/bre1/oradata/redo01.log'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/redo02.log' to '/bre1/oradata/redo02.log'; alter database rename file '/bre1/oradata/redo03.log' to '/bre1/oradata/redo03.log';alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/system01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/system01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/sysaux01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/sysaux01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/undotbs01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/undotbs01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/users01.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/users01.dbf'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/test.dbf' to '/bre1/oradata/test.dbf'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/redo01.log' to '/bre1/oradata/redo01.log'; alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/redo02.log' to '/bre1/oradata/redo02.log';Database altered.SQL> Database altered.SQL> Database altered.SQL> Database altered.SQL> Database altered. SQL> Database altered.SQL> Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bre1/redo03.log' to '/bre1/oradata/redo03.log';Database altered.rename之后控制文件里的數據文件文件夾都已經改到了/bre1/oradata下，那么就能夠進行恢復了。
6.恢復數據庫

我這里是測試就沒有恢復什么歸檔日志，假設是正式生產庫，還須要恢復歸檔日志，可能還須要使用到CATALOG ARCHIVELOG 來注冊歸檔的備份集和在RMAN中使用
RUN
{?
? SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION TO '/home/oracle';
? RESTORE ARCHIVELOG all; ? ? ??
} ? ?
來還原出歸檔日志。
或者還能夠在controlfile中改動歸檔文件夾來恢復。恢復出歸檔日志之后，就能夠進行數據庫恢復。

[oracle@bre2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Aug 21 11:16:06 2014Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel; ORA-00279: change 830841 generated at 08/21/2014 10:03:36 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion : /arch1_42_851018056.dbf ORA-00280: change 830841 for thread 1 is in sequence #42Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL} cancel Media recovery cancelled. SQL> alter database open resetlogs;Database altered.open 過程中可能會遇到ora-00392錯誤，
解決的方法：
使用SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
到此恢復成功！

總結：
基本的難點是須要對rman比較熟悉，須要使用語句改動控制文件里的文件位置，否則會報錯找不到相關文件。
假設備份集的文件夾改變了，須要手工catalog注冊備份集到控制文件，而且rename file。

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/gcczhongduan/p/4308805.html

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