docker-machine 是docker官方提供的docker管理工具。
通過docker-machine可以輕松的做到：

　　在Windows平臺和MAC平臺安裝和運(yùn)行docker

　　搭建和管理多個(gè)docker 主機(jī)

　　搭建swarm集群

環(huán)境win下面安裝的virtualbox，virtualbox安裝的centos7，網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式NAT+hostonly

ip：192.168.56.102（hostonly）

1、安裝docker-machine：

curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.13.0/docker-machine-`uname -s`-`uname -m` >/tmp/docker-machine && chmod +x /tmp/docker-machine && sudo cp /tmp/docker-machine /usr/local/bin/docker-machine

2、查看docker-machine版本：

# docker-machine version [root@docker ~]# docker-machine version docker-machine version 0.13.0, build 9ba6da9

3、在centos7環(huán)境下創(chuàng)建machine：

[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine create -d virtualbox default Creating CA: /root/.docker/machine/certs/ca.pem Creating client certificate: /root/.docker/machine/certs/cert.pem Running pre-create checks... Error with pre-create check: "VBoxManage not found. Make sure VirtualBox is installed and VBoxManage is in the path"

但是卻報(bào)錯(cuò)了，以為virtualbox安裝的centos7環(huán)境支持的是virtualbox驅(qū)動(dòng)，才發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境安裝支持virtualbox驅(qū)動(dòng)

使用virtualbox驅(qū)動(dòng)需要安裝virtualbox，而Ubuntu的解決方法為：

于是采用generic驅(qū)動(dòng)，具體介紹查看官網(wǎng)：https://docs.docker.com/machine/drivers/generic/

[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine create -d generic --generic-ip-address=192.168.56.102 --generic-ssh-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa --generic-ssh-user=root vm Running pre-create checks... Creating machine... (vm) Importing SSH key... Waiting for machine to be running, this may take a few minutes... Detecting operating system of created instance... Waiting for SSH to be available... Error creating machine: Error detecting OS: Too many retries waiting for SSH to be available. Last error: Maximum number of retries (60) exceeded --generic-ip-address=192.168.56.102：這里的ip是指本機(jī)，如果需要為其他遠(yuǎn)程docker主機(jī)安裝可以改為其他docker主機(jī)ip（這里是本地創(chuàng)建docker-machine）依然報(bào)錯(cuò)，這是由于docker-machine為本機(jī)創(chuàng)建machine時(shí)也需要進(jìn)行ssh認(rèn)證：[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen [root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.56.102

將密碼發(fā)給自己，然后重新繼續(xù)創(chuàng)建machine：

[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine create -d generic --generic-ip-address=192.168.56.102 --generic-ssh-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa --generic-ssh-user=root vm Running pre-create checks... Creating machine... (vm) Importing SSH key... Waiting for machine to be running, this may take a few minutes... Detecting operating system of created instance... Waiting for SSH to be available... Detecting the provisioner... Provisioning with centos... Copying certs to the local machine directory... Copying certs to the remote machine... Setting Docker configuration on the remote daemon... Checking connection to Docker... Docker is up and running! To see how to connect your Docker Client to the Docker Engine running on this virtual machine, run: docker-machine env vm

于是終于創(chuàng)建machine成功了

查看docker-machine：[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine ls NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS vm - generic Running tcp://192.168.56.102:2376 v17.09.0-ce 查看vm的環(huán)境變量：[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine env vm export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY="1" export DOCKER_HOST="tcp://192.168.56.102:2376" export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="/root/.docker/machine/machines/vm" export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME="vm" # Run this command to configure your shell: # eval $(docker-machine env vm)加載環(huán)境變量：[root@localhost ~]# eval $(docker-machine env vm)

利用ssh登錄到machine中：

[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine ssh --help Usage: docker-machine ssh [arg...] Log into or run a command on a machine with SSH. Description: Arguments are [machine-name] [command] [root@localhost ~]# docker-machine ssh vm Last login: Sat Nov 4 17:55:53 2017 from 192.168.56.102 [root@vm ~]# 現(xiàn)在在本地環(huán)境創(chuàng)建一個(gè)容器啟動(dòng)：[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name=nginx nginx [root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6e62975fab90 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." About a minute ago Up 59 seconds 80/tcp nginx然后ssh遠(yuǎn)程到docker-machine中：[root@localhost ~]# docker-machine ssh vm Last login: Sat Nov 4 18:13:27 2017 from 192.168.56.102 [root@vm ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6e62975fab90 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp nginx可以看見docker主機(jī)和docker-machine主機(jī)里面的容器id相同利用docker-machine能夠安裝docker和創(chuàng)建容器上面是本地為自己創(chuàng)建machine，現(xiàn)在為遠(yuǎn)程的docker主機(jī)創(chuàng)建docker-machine：環(huán)境：centos7，192.168.101.14，vmware下面安裝的docker以及docker-machine，為192.168.56.102這臺docker主機(jī)創(chuàng)建machine：（兩個(gè)ip不同進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)所以可以訪問（前面是vm下面的nat的靜態(tài)ip，后面是virtualbox的兩張網(wǎng)卡（nat和host only）））1、首先將192.168.101.14和主機(jī)192.168.56.102進(jìn)行ssh連接認(rèn)證：[root@docker ~]# ssh-keygen [root@docker ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.56.1022、創(chuàng)建machine：[root@docker ~]# docker-machine create -d generic --generic-ip-address=192.168.56.102 --generic-ssh-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa --generic-ssh-user=root default Creating CA: /root/.docker/machine/certs/ca.pem Creating client certificate: /root/.docker/machine/certs/cert.pem Running pre-create checks... Creating machine... (default) Importing SSH key... Waiting for machine to be running, this may take a few minutes... Detecting operating system of created instance... Waiting for SSH to be available... Detecting the provisioner... Provisioning with centos... Copying certs to the local machine directory... Copying certs to the remote machine... Setting Docker configuration on the remote daemon... Checking connection to Docker... Docker is up and running! To see how to connect your Docker Client to the Docker Engine running on this virtual machine, run: docker-machine env default

執(zhí)行環(huán)境變量，進(jìn)入到machine環(huán)境：

[root@docker ~]# docker-machine env default [root@docker ~]# eval $(docker-machine env default)3、查看創(chuàng)建的machine：[root@docker ~]# docker-machine ls NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS default - generic Running tcp://192.168.56.102:2376 v17.09.0-ce

可以看見在192.168.101.14環(huán)境上為遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)192.168.56.102創(chuàng)建的machine

4、創(chuàng)建容器：[root@docker ~]# docker run -d --name=nginx nginx（本地沒有nginx鏡像） b1f08986f6d5dbb1ede699e915bde734bab278fbe70f93af06ec2267fae2fef3 [root@docker ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b1f08986f6d5 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 80/tcp nginx5、ssh到machine：[root@docker ~]# docker-machine ssh default Last login: Sat Nov 4 18:51:49 2017 from 192.168.56.1 [root@default ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b1f08986f6d5 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 23 seconds ago Up 22 seconds 80/tcp nginx

現(xiàn)在查看遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)是否創(chuàng)建了容器：

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a could not read CA certificate "/root/.docker/machine/machines/default/ca.pem": open /root/.docker/machine/machines/default/ca.pem: no such file or directory

報(bào)錯(cuò)原因：

由于剛剛在192.168.56.102為自己設(shè)置了machine，保留了之前machine的環(huán)境變量，雖然現(xiàn)在刪除了，但是設(shè)置了環(huán)境變量，將剛剛設(shè)置的環(huán)境變量取消：[root@localhost ~]# unset DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY [root@localhost ~]# unset DOCKER_CERT_PATH [root@localhost ~]# unset DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME [root@localhost ~]# unset DOCKER_HOST然后重新查看：[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b1f08986f6d5 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 80/tcp nginx

可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，為遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)創(chuàng)建容器成功

現(xiàn)在192.168.101.14上面存在鏡像centos_nginx:v4，而遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)192.168.56.102沒有該鏡像，現(xiàn)在創(chuàng)建容器，看是否遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)能夠創(chuàng)建成功？[root@docker ~]# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/wadeson/jsonhc:v4 [root@docker ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest b72d63324dbb 13 hours ago 108MB registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/wadeson/jsonhc v4 6c5128aaff05 2 days ago 464MB然后在遠(yuǎn)程主機(jī)查看：[root@localhost ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest b72d63324dbb 13 hours ago 108MB registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/wadeson/jsonhc v4 6c5128aaff05 2 days ago 464MB

可以看見兩主機(jī)的鏡像同步，也是容器也是同步的

vm下面的docker可以為virtualbox下面的docker創(chuàng)建容器而更多的是本地可以為云等其他環(huán)境創(chuàng)建容器，通過docker-machine在這之前192.168.101.14的images都不見了，那是因?yàn)樵O(shè)置machine環(huán)境變量：unset DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY unset DOCKER_CERT_PATH unset DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME unset DOCKER_HOST

執(zhí)行上面將machine的環(huán)境變量取消就可以返回原來的環(huán)境了：

[root@docker ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos_init v1 383ff3502443 26 hours ago 448MB centos_nginx v8 6f792dc07c35 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v7 9e875385d6be 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v6 959fdf4d4288 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v5 5c1131306686 2 days ago 464MB registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/wadeson/jsonhc v4 6c5128aaff05 2 days ago 464MB 192.168.101.14:5000/centos_nginx v4 6c5128aaff05 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v4 6c5128aaff05 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v3 0e49a2c0562f 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v2 2031faf8894a 2 days ago 464MB centos_nginx v1 78d18f16e757 3 days ago 464MB registry latest 2ba7189700c8 9 days ago 33.3MB ubuntu latest 747cb2d60bbe 3 weeks ago 122MB centos latest 196e0ce0c9fb 7 weeks ago 197MB

而如果需要返回machine環(huán)境就繼續(xù)執(zhí)行machine環(huán)境變量就行，這種方式很好的隔離了本地和遠(yuǎn)程鏡像和容器

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