兩種方法判斷文件是否為二進制文件，最準確的就是把這兩種方法結合起來。

(1)方法一：

它首先檢查文件是否以BOM開始，如果不在初始8192字節內查找零字節：

import codecs

file_path = "/home/ubuntu/zgd/ztest/_gs418_510txp_v6.6.2.7.stk.extracted/test"

#: BOMs to indicate that a file is a text file even if it contains zero bytes.

_TEXT_BOMS = (

codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE,

codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE,

codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE,

codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE,

codecs.BOM_UTF8,

)

def is_binary_file(file_path):

with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:

initial_bytes = file.read(8192)

file.close()

return not any(initial_bytes.startswith(bom) for bom in _TEXT_BOMS) and b'\0' in initial_bytes

if __name__ == "__main__":

print is_binary_file(file_path)

上面is_binary_file()函數也可以改成下面的方式：

def is_binary_file(file_path):

with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:

initial_bytes = file.read(8192)

file.close()

for bom in _TEXT_BOMS:

if initial_bytes.startswith(bom):

continue

else:

if b'\0' in initial_bytes:

return True

return False

(2)方法二：

使用magic

pip install python-magic

def getFileType(ff):

mime_kw = 'x-executable|x-sharedlib|octet-stream|x-object' ###可執行文件、鏈接庫、動態流、對象

try:

magic_mime = magic.from_file(ff, mime=True)

magic_hit = re.search(mime_kw, magic_mime, re.I)

if magic_hit:

return True

else:

return False

except Exception, e:

print e.message

較好的方法是對兩種類型同時進行處理：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

# @Author:zgd

# @time:2019/6/21

# @File:operateSystem.py

import magic

import re

import codecs

def is_binary_file_1(ff):

'''

根據text文件數據類型判斷是否是二進制文件

:param ff: 文件名(含路徑)

:return: True或False，返回是否是二進制文件

'''

TEXT_BOMS = (

codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE,

codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE,

codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE,

codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE,

codecs.BOM_UTF8,

)

with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:

CHUNKSIZE = 8192

initial_bytes = file.read(CHUNKSIZE)

file.close()

#: BOMs to indicate that a file is a text file even if it contains zero bytes.

return not any(initial_bytes.startswith(bom) for bom in TEXT_BOMS) and b'\0' in initial_bytes

def is_binwary_file_2(ff):

'''

根據magic文件的魔術判斷是否是二進制文件

:param ff: 文件名(含路徑)

:return: True或False，返回是否是二進制文件

'''

mime_kw = 'x-executable|x-sharedlib|octet-stream|x-object' ###可執行文件、鏈接庫、動態流、對象

try:

magic_mime = magic.from_file(ff, mime=True)

magic_hit = re.search(mime_kw, magic_mime, re.I)

if magic_hit:

return True

else:

return False

except Exception, e:

return False

if __name__ == "__main__":

file_path = "/home/ubuntu/zgd/ztest/_gs418_510txp_v6.6.2.7.stk.extracted/D0"

print is_binary_file_1(file_path)

print is_binwary_file_2(file_path)

print any((is_binary_file_1(file_path), is_binwary_file_2(file_path)))

(3)方法三：

獲取ELF標識信息。

根據文件中是否有ELF頭進行判斷文件是否為二進制文件

# 判斷文件是否是elf文件

def is_ELFfile(filepath):

if not os.path.exists(filepath):

logger.info('file path {} doesnot exits'.format(filepath))

return False

# 文件可能被損壞，捕捉異常

try:

FileStates = os.stat(filepath)

FileMode = FileStates[stat.ST_MODE]

if not stat.S_ISREG(FileMode) or stat.S_ISLNK(FileMode): # 如果文件既不是普通文件也不是鏈接文件

return False

with open(filepath, 'rb') as f:

header = (bytearray(f.read(4))[1:4]).decode(encoding="utf-8")

# logger.info("header is {}".format(header))

if header in ["ELF"]:

# print header

return True

except UnicodeDecodeError as e:

# logger.info("is_ELFfile UnicodeDecodeError {}".format(filepath))

# logger.info(str(e))

pass

return False

參考鏈接：

https://code.lotpdf.com/code-examples.net/zh-CN/q/db66d.html

https://oomake.com/question/153346

http://blog.donews.com/limodou/archive/2004/08/30/83538.aspx

https://blog.csdn.net/xc_zhou/article/details/86544346

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的python比较两个二进制文件_python三种方法判断文件是否为二进制文件的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。