路由重分發中盡然忘記了這件事

• 前言
• 一、題目
• 二、需求
• 三、命令
• • 1、R1
  • 2、R2
  • 3、R3
  • 4、R4
  • 5、R5
  • 6、R6
• 四、問題出現
• • 1、R3
  • 2、R4
  • 3、R5
  • 4、R6
• 五、問題
• 六、回想原理
• 七、問題解決
• • 1、趕緊加上
  • 2、加上之后
• 總結

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前言

老樣子，復習下路由重分發，然后一如既往的發現了自己出錯了，為了告知同樣出錯的小伙伴，所以特地寫下來。

一、題目

二、需求

全網互通

三、命令

1、R1

<Huawei>u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.10.1 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.10.2

2、R2

<Huawei>u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.10.2 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.20.2 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ospf 1 [Huawei-ospf-1]area 1 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q [Huawei-ospf-1]import-route static [Huawei-ospf-1]import-route direct [Huawei-ospf-1]q [Huawei]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 192.168.10.1

3、R3

<Huawei>u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.20.3 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.30.3 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.40.3 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ospf 1 [Huawei-ospf-1]area 0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q [Huawei-ospf-1]area 1 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q [Huawei-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always [Huawei-ospf-1]import-route direct [Huawei-ospf-1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.40.5

4、R4

<Huawei>u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.30.4 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.50.4 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ospf 1 [Huawei-ospf-1]area 0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 [Huawei-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q [Huawei-ospf-1]q [Huawei]rip 1 [Huawei-rip-1]v 2 [Huawei-rip-1]undo sum [Huawei-rip-1]net 192.168.50.0 [Huawei-rip-1]net 4.0.0.0 [Huawei-rip-1]import-route ospf 1 cost 3 [Huawei-rip-1]q [Huawei]ospf 1 [Huawei-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 type 1 cost 1 [Huawei-ospf-1]import-route direct

5、R5

<Huawei>u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.40.5 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.40.3

6、R6

<Huawei>u t m Info: Current terminal monitor is off. <Huawei>sys Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]int g0/0/0 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.50.6 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loop 0 [Huawei-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 32 [Huawei-LoopBack0]q [Huawei]rip 1 [Huawei-rip-1]v 2 [Huawei-rip-1]undo sum [Huawei-rip-1]net 192.168.50.0 [Huawei-rip-1]net 6.0.0.0

四、問題出現

這時候，我看了下每個路由表的情況，發現了下面的問題

1、R3

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 21 Routes : 21 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.40.5 GigabitEthernet 0/0/21.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.20.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/12.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 192.168.20.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/13.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack04.4.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1 D 192.168.30.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/06.6.6.6/32 O_ASE 150 2 D 192.168.30.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0192.168.10.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.20.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1192.168.20.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.20.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1192.168.20.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1192.168.20.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1192.168.30.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.40.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.40.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2192.168.40.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2192.168.40.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2192.168.50.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.30.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

2、R4

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 19 Routes : 19 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface0.0.0.0/0 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/01.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/02.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 2 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/03.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/04.4.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack06.6.6.6/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.50.6 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0192.168.10.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.20.0/24 OSPF 10 2 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.30.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.40.0/24 O_ASE 150 1 D 192.168.30.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1192.168.50.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1192.168.50.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

3、R5

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 9 Routes : 9 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.40.3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/05.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0192.168.40.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.40.5 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.40.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.40.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

4、R6

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 16 Routes : 16 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface1.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/02.2.2.2/32 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/03.3.3.3/32 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/04.4.4.4/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/06.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0192.168.10.0/24 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.20.0/24 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.0/24 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.40.0/24 RIP 100 4 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.50.6 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

五、問題

R6的路由表中沒有R5，但是R3和R4的路由表中都包含了R5和R6的路由，那為什么R6學不到R5的這條默認路由呢？

六、回想原理

• R3和R5互作默認路由，然后R3在OSPF里面下發默認路由。
• R4是有一個接口屬于OSPF，它學到這默認路由之后，在Rip里注入OSPF，然后把他在rip里面再去下發這條默認路由。
• 然后R6就能在同為Rip 的R4上學到這條下發的默認路由

七、問題解決

原來是沒有在R4的Rip里寫下發默認路由的命令，怪不得R6學不到這條默認路由

1、趕緊加上

R4

[Huawei-rip-1]default-route originate

2、加上之后

加上之后，我們來看下R6的路由表

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: PublicDestinations : 17 Routes : 17 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface0.0.0.0/0 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/01.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/02.2.2.2/32 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/03.3.3.3/32 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/04.4.4.4/32 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/06.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0192.168.10.0/24 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.20.0/24 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.30.0/24 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.40.0/24 RIP 100 15 D 192.168.50.4 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.50.6 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0192.168.50.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

總結

果然，有時候，原理在腦袋里轉的沒什么問題，但做出來的時候，有時候就會忘記一兩個，導致需求達不到，所以，做實驗還是得按規則來做，比如，先把所以的基礎命令配置好，再全部配置某個高級命令，接著再全部配另一個高級命令等，有條理的做，不僅方便查問題，也方便別人看出你的問題所在。

總結

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