生命游戲建立在9個方格的網格中，每個細胞有8個相鄰細胞。
游戲有三個規則：
1． 如果一個細胞周圍有3個細胞為生（一個細胞周圍共有8個細胞），則該細胞為生（即該細胞若原先為死，則轉為生，若原先為生，則保持不變） 。
2． 如果一個細胞周圍有2個細胞為生，則該細胞的生死狀態保持不變；
3． 在其它情況下，該細胞為死（即該細胞若原先為生，則轉為死，若原先為死，則保持不變）

import sys, argparse import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.animation as animationON = 255 OFF = 0 vals = [ON, OFF]#np的choice()方法將從給定列表vals中選擇一個值，概率從0.2到0.8，創建了n*n個值，使用reshape()方法使它成為一個二維數組 def randomGrid(N):return np.random.choice(vals, N*N, p=[0.2, 0.8]).reshape(N, N)#用numpy數組定義一個圖案并用切片操作將其復制到二維網格中 def addGlider(i, j, grid):"""adds a glider with top left cell at (i, j)"""glider = np.array([[0, 0, 255], [255, 0, 255], [0, 255, 255]])grid[i:i+3, j:j+3] = glider#添加高斯帕滑翔槍圖形 def addGosperGliderGun(i, j, grid):gun = np.zeros(11*38).reshape(11, 38)gun[5][1] = gun[5][2] = 255gun[6][1] = gun[6][2] = 255gun[3][13] = gun[3][14] = 255gun[4][12] = gun[4][16] = 255gun[5][11] = gun[5][17] = 255gun[6][11] = gun[6][15] = gun[6][17] = gun[6][18] = 255gun[7][11] = gun[7][17] = 255gun[8][12] = gun[8][16] = 255gun[9][13] = gun[9][14] = 255gun[1][25] = 255gun[2][23] = gun[2][25] = 255gun[3][21] = gun[3][22] = 255gun[4][21] = gun[4][22] = 255gun[5][21] = gun[5][22] = 255gun[6][23] = gun[6][25] = 255gun[7][25] = 255gun[3][35] = gun[3][36] = 255gun[4][35] = gun[4][36] = 255grid[i:i+11, j:j+38] = gundef update(frameNum, img, grid, N):# copy grid since we require 8 neighbors for calculation# and we go line by line newGrid = grid.copy()for i in range(N):for j in range(N):#計算與其相鄰的八個鄰居的值，求和除于255來獲取ON的細胞數量total = int((grid[i, (j-1)%N] + grid[i, (j+1)%N] + grid[(i-1)%N, j] + grid[(i+1)%N, j] + grid[(i-1)%N, (j-1)%N] + grid[(i-1)%N, (j+1)%N] + grid[(i+1)%N, (j-1)%N] + grid[(i+1)%N, (j+1)%N])/255)# apply Conway's rulesif grid[i, j] == ON:if (total < 2) or (total > 3):newGrid[i, j] = OFFelse:if total == 3:newGrid[i, j] = ON# update dataimg.set_data(newGrid)grid[:] = newGrid[:]return img,# main() function def main():# Command line args are in sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2] ..# sys.argv[0] is the script name itself and can be ignored# parse argumentsparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Runs Conway's Game of Life simulation.")# add arguments#dest ：參數名#dest：如果提供dest，例如dest="a"，那么可以通過args.a訪問該參數parser.add_argument('--grid-size', dest='N', required=False)parser.add_argument('--mov-file', dest='movfile', required=False)parser.add_argument('--interval', dest='interval', required=False)#store_true和store_false：值存為True或Falseparser.add_argument('--glider', action='store_true', required=False)parser.add_argument('--gosper', action='store_true', required=False)#parse_args()方法實際上從我們的命令行參數中返回了一些數據args = parser.parse_args()#設置網格尺寸N = 100if args.N and int(args.N) > 8:N = int(args.N)# set animation update intervalupdateInterval = 50if args.interval:updateInterval = int(args.interval)# declare gridgrid = np.array([])# check if "glider" demo flag is specifiedif args.glider:grid = np.zeros(N*N).reshape(N, N)addGlider(1, 1, grid)elif args.gosper:grid = np.zeros(N*N).reshape(N, N)addGosperGliderGun(10, 10, grid)else:# populate grid with random on/off - more off than ongrid = randomGrid(N)#設置動畫fig, ax = plt.subplots()img = ax.imshow(grid, interpolation='nearest')ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update, fargs=(img, grid, N, ),frames = 10,interval=updateInterval,save_count=50)# # of frames? # set output fileif args.movfile:ani.save(args.movfile, fps=30, extra_args=['-vcodec', 'libx264'])plt.show()# call main if __name__ == '__main__':main()

對于argparse的參考有以下的資料
https://blog.csdn.net/lis_12/article/details/54618868
https://www.cnblogs.com/zknublx/p/6106343.html

對于Matplotlib庫的參考主要有：
https://www.cnblogs.com/LHWorldBlog/p/7819331.html
http://python.jobbole.com/85106/

總結

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