鍵盤分類

鍵盤分為編碼鍵盤和非編碼鍵盤。
編碼鍵盤：鍵盤上閉合鍵的識(shí)別由專用的硬件編碼器實(shí)現(xiàn)，并產(chǎn)生鍵編碼號(hào)或鍵值 （如計(jì)算機(jī)鍵盤）
非編碼鍵盤：靠軟件編程來(lái)識(shí)別 （分為獨(dú)立鍵盤和矩陣鍵盤）

在單片機(jī)組成的各種系統(tǒng)中，用的最多的是非編碼鍵盤。

獨(dú)立鍵盤

獨(dú)立鍵盤控制數(shù)碼管的數(shù)值
代碼示例：

#include<reg52.h>#define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned intsbit we = P2^7; sbit du = P2^6; sbit S2 = P3^0; sbit S3 = P3^1;uchar counter,time_counter;uchar code leddata[]={0x3F,//00x06,//10x5B,//20x4F,//30x66,//40x6D,//50x7D,//60x07,//70x7F,//80x6F,//90x77,//A0x7C,//B0x39,//C0x5E,//D0x79,//E0x71,//F0x76,//H0x38,//L0x37,//n0x3E, //u0x73,//P0x5C,//o0x40,//_0x00,//熄滅0x00//自定義 }; //數(shù)字字母的對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)組void delay(uint z)//延時(shí) {uint x,y;for(x = z;x > 0;x --)for(y = 114; y > 0; y -- ); }void display(uchar i)//數(shù)碼管顯示 {uchar shi,ge;shi = i / 10; //求模（十位）ge = i % 10; //求余（個(gè)位）P0 = 0xff;we = 1;P0 = 0xbf; //1011 1111點(diǎn)亮第七位數(shù)碼管we = 0; du = 1;P0 = leddata[shi];du = 0;delay(1);P0 = 0xff;we = 1;P0 = 0x7f; //0111 1111點(diǎn)亮第八位數(shù)碼管we = 0；du = 1;P0 = leddata[ge];du = 0;delay(1); }void main() {while(1){display(time_counter);if(S2 == 0){delay(5);//軟件消抖if(S2 == 0){time_counter ++;while(!S2)；//松手檢測(cè)}} if(S3 == 0){delay(5);//軟件消抖if(S3 == 0 && time_counter != 0){time_counter --;while(!S3);}}} }

四乘四矩陣鍵盤

按下按鍵，八個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示對(duì)應(yīng)的按鍵號(hào)
代碼示例：

#include<reg52.h>#define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned intsbit we = P2^7; sbit du = P2^6;uchar code leddata[]={0x3F,//00x06,//10x5B,//20x4F,//30x66,//40x6D,//50x7D,//60x07,//70x7F,//80x6F,//90x77,//A0x7C,//B0x39,//C0x5E,//D0x79,//E0x71,//F0x76,//H0x38,//L0x37,//n0x3E, //u0x73,//P0x5C,//o0x40,//_0x00,//熄滅0x00//自定義 }; //數(shù)字字母的對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)組void delay(uint z)//延時(shí) {uint x,y;for(x = z;x > 0;x --)for(y = 114; y > 0; y -- ); }uchar KeyScan() //帶返回值的函數(shù) {uchar cord_l,cord_h; //聲明列線和行線的值的儲(chǔ)存變量P3 = 0xf0；// 1111 0000if((P3 & 0xf0) != 0xf0) //判斷是否有按鍵按下{delay(5);//軟件消抖if((P3 & 0xf0) != 0xf0)//判斷是否有按鍵按下{cord_l = P3 & 0xf0; //儲(chǔ)存列線值P3 = cord_l | 0x0f;cord_h = P3 & 0x0f; //儲(chǔ)存行線值while(P3 & 0x0f != 0x0f);//松手檢測(cè)return (cord_l + cord_h); //返回鍵值碼}} }void KeyPro() {switch(KeyScan()){//第一行鍵值碼case 0xee: P0 = leddata[0]; break;case 0xde: P0 = leddata[1]; break;case 0xbe: P0 = leddata[2]; break;case 0xee: P0 = leddata[3]; break;//第二行鍵值碼case 0xed: P0 = leddata[4]; break;case 0xdd: P0 = leddata[5]; break;case 0xbd: P0 = leddata[6]; break;case 0xed: P0 = leddata[7]; break;//第三行鍵值碼case 0xeb: P0 = leddata[8]; break;case 0xdb: P0 = leddata[9]; break;case 0xbb: P0 = leddata[10]; break;case 0xeb: P0 = leddata[11]; break;//第四行鍵值碼case 0xe7: P0 = leddata[12]; break;case 0xd7: P0 = leddata[13]; break;case 0xb7: P0 = leddata[14]; break;case 0xe7: P0 = leddata[15]; break;} }void mian() {we = 1;//打開(kāi)位選P0 = 0;//八位數(shù)碼管全顯示we = 0;//鎖存位選du = 1;//打開(kāi)段選while(1){KeyPro(); //提取鍵值碼并且送不同數(shù)值給數(shù)碼管顯示} }

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