UBOOT的移植其實并沒有想象中的難，這主要歸功于眾多的工程師已經將常見的平臺代碼寫入了UBOOT，我們所要做的就是一點小小的更改，在網上看了很多相關的移植，也聽到有人說其實看了UBOOT的readme就可以了，只可惜全是英文的，實在是下不定決心。現在終于硬著頭皮讀了起來，一讀才發現，原來網上所謂的移植過程其實全是照readme來搞的，readme已經把UBOOT的結構，配置選項，以及移植過程都做了詳細的說明，只要照著搞，很容易把UBOOT移植到一個和先前平臺相識的平臺上來。

本人不才，翻譯了一部分，若有錯誤還請雅正！

我下的版本是Uboot1.3.4

uboot的相關文檔和下載方法在

這是官方網站哦 呵呵

開始是介紹Uboot的發展，下載地址，如何獲得幫助，以及版本說明

Directory Hierarchy:

目錄層次

====================

- boardBoard dependent files

開發板相關文件

- commonMisc architecture independent functions

多體系結構獨立函數

- cpuCPU specific files

CPU相關文件

- 74xx_7xxFiles specific to Freescale MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs

Freescale MPC74XX的CPU相關文件

- arm720tFiles specific to ARM 720 CPUs

ARM720相關文件

- arm920tFiles specific to ARM 920 CPUs

ARM920相關文件

- at91rm9200 Files specific to Atmel AT91RM9200 CPU

AT91RM9200相關

- imxFiles specific to Freescale MC9328 i.MX CPUs

Freescale i.MX相關

- s3c24x0Files specific to Samsung S3C24X0 CPUs

- arm925tFiles specific to ARM 925 CPUs

- arm926ejsFiles specific to ARM 926 CPUs

- arm1136Files specific to ARM 1136 CPUs

- at32apFiles specific to Atmel AVR32 AP CPUs

- i386Files specific to i386 CPUs

- ixpFiles specific to Intel XScale IXP CPUs

- leon2Files specific to Gaisler LEON2 SPARC CPU

- leon3Files specific to Gaisler LEON3 SPARC CPU

- mcf52x2Files specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF52x2 CPUs

- mcf5227xFiles specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5227x CPUs

- mcf532xFiles specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5329 CPUs

- mcf5445xFiles specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF5445x CPUs

- mcf547x_8xFiles specific to Freescale ColdFire MCF547x_8x CPUs

- mipsFiles specific to MIPS CPUs

- mpc5xxFiles specific to Freescale MPC5xxCPUs

- mpc5xxxFiles specific to Freescale MPC5xxx CPUs

- mpc8xxFiles specific to Freescale MPC8xxCPUs

- mpc8220Files specific to Freescale MPC8220 CPUs

- mpc824xFiles specific to Freescale MPC824x CPUs

- mpc8260Files specific to Freescale MPC8260 CPUs

- mpc85xxFiles specific to Freescale MPC85xx CPUs

- niosFiles specific to Altera NIOS CPUs

- nios2Files specific to Altera Nios-II CPUs

- ppc4xxFiles specific to AMCC PowerPC 4xx CPUs

- pxaFiles specific to Intel XScale PXA CPUs

- s3c44b0Files specific to Samsung S3C44B0 CPUs

- sa1100Files specific to Intel StrongARM SA1100 CPUs

- diskCode for disk drive partition handling

磁盤驅動，及分區操作的代碼

- docDocumentation (don't expect too much)

文檔(不要期待太多(搞不懂為什么了?))

- driversCommonly used device drivers

通用設備驅動

- dttDigital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers

數字溫度器及調溫裝置驅動

- examplesExample code for standalone applications, etc.

獨立應用程序的例子

- includeHeader Files

頭文件

- lib_armFiles generic to ARMarchitecture

ARM體系結構通用的文件

- lib_avr32Files generic to AVR32architecture

- lib_genericFiles generic to allarchitectures

所有體系結構通用的文件

- lib_i386Files generic to i386architecture

- lib_m68kFiles generic to m68karchitecture

- lib_mipsFiles generic to MIPSarchitecture

- lib_niosFiles generic to NIOSarchitecture

- lib_ppcFiles generic to PowerPC architecture

- lib_sparcFiles generic to SPARCarchitecture

- libfdtLibrary files to support flattened device trees

支持平板設備樹的庫文件

- netNetworking code

網絡代碼

- postPower On Self Test

上電自檢

- rtcReal Time Clock drivers

實時時鐘驅動

- toolsTools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.

編譯S-Record和U-Boot鏡像的工具

- api

1.3版本的UBOOT還增加了一個API的文件夾，

這里放的是一些擴展應用的獨立的API函數

第一步：

Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:

選擇處理器架構和板類型：

---------------------------------------------------

For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default

configurations available; just type "make _config".

對所有已至此的板都已經有可用的默認配置，只要執行：

make _config

下面是例子

Example: For a TQM823L module type:

cd u-boot

make TQM823L_config

For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the CPU type as well;

e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent

directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.

對于加強型平臺還要指定CPU類型，請閱讀cogent/READM

····················

第二步

Configuration Options:

配置選項：

----------------------

Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all

such information is kept in a configuration file

配置依賴于板和CPU，所有配置設置信息保存在：

"include/configs/.h".

Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in

"include/configs/TQM823L.h".

Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux

kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to

build a config tool - later.

The following options need to be configured:

以下的選項需要被配置：

這里MPC的配置比較多，如果是SMDK2410的話配置會少很多

- CPU Type:Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC85XX.

CPU類型：正確地定義一個種類，比如：CONFIG_MPC85XX

- Board Type:Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_MPC8540ADS.

板類型：比如：CONFIG_MPC8540ADS

- CPU Daughterboard Type: (if CONFIG_ATSTK1000 is defined)

Define exactly one, e.g. CONFIG_ATSTK1002

CPU子類

- CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)

Define exactly one of

CONFIG_CMA286_60_OLD

CPU模型

--- FIXME --- not tested yet:

CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,

CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50

- Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)

Define exactly one of

CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102

主板

- Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)

Define one or more of

CONFIG_CMA302

·······

第二步

Building the Software:

編譯軟件

======================

Building U-Boot has been tested in several native build environments

and in many different cross environments. Of course we cannot support

all possibly existing versions of cross development tools in all

(potentially obsolete) versions. In case of tool chain problems we

recommend to use the ELDK (see http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK)

which is extensively used to build and test U-Boot.

UBOOT已經在很多編譯環境下編譯成功，但我們不保證所有的交叉編譯工具都能使用，如果發生問題，請用ELDK編譯工具編譯和測試UBOOT

http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK

If the system board that you have is not listed, then you will need

to port U-Boot to your hardware platform.

若你的系統板沒有列出來，那你將移植UBOOT到你的硬件平臺上

To do this, follow these steps:

遵照一下步驟進行移植：

1.Add a new configuration option for your board to the toplevel

"Makefile" and to the "MAKEALL" script, using the existing

entries as examples.

依照已存在的入口在頂層"Makefile"和"MAKEALL"腳本中

增加你板子的配置選項

Note that here and at many other places

boards and other names are listed in alphabetical sort order. Please

keep this order.

板和其他名字都是按字母排序的，請遵照這種順序

2.Create a new directory to hold your board specific code. Add any

files you need. In your board directory, you will need at least

the "Makefile", a ".c", "flash.c" and "u-boot.lds".

創建一個新的目錄來保存你板子的代碼，增加你需要的文件。

在你的目錄里至少需要"Makefile"、".c"、"flash.c"、"u-boot.lds"

3.Create a new configuration file "include/configs/.h" for

your board

為你的板子創建一個新的配置文件"include/configs/.h"

3.If you're porting U-Boot to a new CPU, then also create a new

directory to hold your CPU specific code. Add any files you need.

若你移植UBOOT到一個新的CPU，你還需建立一個新的目錄

來保存你CPU的代碼，和文件

4.Run "make _config" with your new name.

用你的新名運行"make _config"，

5.Type "make", and you should get a working "u-boot.srec" file

to be installed on your target system.

得到映像文件

6.Debug and solve any problems that might arise.

[Of course, this last step is much harder than it sounds.]

調試

總結

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