如何使用 Java 中執行 Windows 的 CMD 命令

• 核心代碼
• 完整代碼

??在 CMD 中執行 BAT 腳本對用戶不友好，而且有安全隱患，因此筆者編寫了一些可以在 Java 中執行 Windows 的 CMD 命令的 API。

核心代碼

• 執行單條命令

package org.wangpai.demo;import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.util.stream.Collectors; import lombok.AccessLevel; import lombok.Getter; import lombok.experimental.Accessors;/*** @since 2021-12-21*/ @Accessors(chain = true) public class WinCmd {private Charset cmdCharset;@Getter(AccessLevel.PROTECTED)private Process process;private String originalCommandMsg;private String output;private int exitValue;private WinCmd() {super();}public static WinCmd getInstance() {return new WinCmd();}/*** 如果調用本方法時，本方法會阻塞調用線程，直到命令執行結束** @since 2021-12-21*/public int getExitValue() throws Exception {if (this.process == null) {throw new Exception("需要先執行命令后才能獲取退出碼");}this.exitValue = process.waitFor();return this.exitValue;}public String getOutput() throws Exception {if (this.process == null) {throw new Exception("需要先執行命令后才能獲取輸出");}if (this.output != null) {return this.output;}var inputStream = process.getInputStream();// 獲取操作系統（命令行）的字符集this.cmdCharset = Charset.forName((String) System.getProperties().get("sun.jnu.encoding"));// 將輸出按行分成多個字符串。這原本不是想要的操作，但這沒有辦法var lines = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, this.cmdCharset)).lines();this.output = lines.collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));// 將每行字符串以換行符拼接，還原出原始信息return this.output;}public String getCommand() throws Exception {if (this.originalCommandMsg == null) {throw new Exception("還沒有輸入命令");}return this.originalCommandMsg;}public WinCmd execute(String command) throws Exception {return this.exec(command);}private WinCmd exec(String originalCommand) throws IOException {this.output = null;this.originalCommandMsg = originalCommand;this.process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(this.originalCommandMsg);return this;} }

• 執行多條命令

package org.wangpai.demo;import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.util.stream.Collectors; import java.util.stream.Stream;/*** @since 2021-12-21*/ public class WinBat {private int commandNum;private Charset cmdCharset;private String[] originalCommandMsg;private Process[] processArray;private String[] outputs;private int[] exitValues;private WinBat() {super();}public static WinBat getInstance() {return new WinBat();}public String getIntegrationOutput() throws Exception {if (this.processArray == null) {throw new Exception("需要先執行命令后才能獲取輸出");}if (this.outputs == null) {// 獲取操作系統（命令行）的字符集this.cmdCharset = Charset.forName((String) System.getProperties().get("sun.jnu.encoding"));this.outputs = new String[this.commandNum];InputStream inputStream;for (int index = 0; index < this.commandNum; ++index) {inputStream = this.processArray[index].getInputStream();// 將輸出按行分成多個字符串。這原本不是想要的操作，但這沒有辦法var linesOutput = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, this.cmdCharset)).lines();// 將每行字符串以換行符拼接，還原出原始信息this.outputs[index] = linesOutput.collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));}}var stream = Stream.of(this.outputs);// 多加一個空行作不同命令輸出之間的分隔return stream.collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator() + System.lineSeparator()));}public String getIntegrationCommand() throws Exception {if (this.originalCommandMsg == null) {throw new Exception("還沒有輸入命令");}var stream = Stream.of(this.originalCommandMsg);return stream.collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));}public String[] getOriginalCommand() throws Exception {if (this.originalCommandMsg == null) {throw new Exception("還沒有輸入命令");}return this.originalCommandMsg;}/*** 如果調用本方法時，本方法會阻塞調用線程，直到命令執行結束** @since 2021-12-21*/public int[] getExitValues() throws Exception {if (this.processArray == null) {throw new Exception("需要先執行命令后才能獲取退出碼");}this.exitValues = new int[this.commandNum];for (int index = 0; index < this.commandNum; ++index) {this.exitValues[index] = this.processArray[index].waitFor();}return this.exitValues;}/*** 如果調用本方法時，本方法會阻塞調用線程，直到命令執行結束** @since 2021-12-21*/public int getLastExitValues() throws Exception {if (this.processArray == null) {throw new Exception("需要先執行命令后才能獲取退出碼");}var exitValues = this.getExitValues();return exitValues[this.commandNum - 1];}private WinBat exec(String[] originalCommand) throws Exception {this.outputs = null;this.originalCommandMsg = originalCommand;this.commandNum = originalCommand.length;this.processArray = new Process[this.commandNum];for (int index = 0; index < this.commandNum; ++index) {this.processArray[index] = WinCmd.getInstance().execute(this.originalCommandMsg[index]).getProcess();}return this;}public WinBat execute(String[] command) throws Exception {return this.exec(command);} }

完整代碼

??已上傳至 GitCode 中，可免費下載：https://gitcode.net/wangpaiblog/20220110-win_cmd

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