exp是oracle的邏輯備份，是將數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出到二進制數(shù)據(jù)庫文件。

exp的三種導(dǎo)出方式

1.表方式(T方式)，將指定表的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出。

2.用戶方式(U方式)，將指定用戶的所有對象及數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出。

3.全庫方式(Full方式)，數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有對象導(dǎo)出。

[oracle@TEST admin]$ cat /backup/exp.sh

#!/bin/sh

export currentTime=`date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S"`

export ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4"

export DIR="/backup"

#export serviceName=test

echo

echo -begin-

echo $currentTime

#touch /backup/$currentTime

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/exp hscmp/hscmp ?owner=\(hscmp, scott\) file=$DIR/$currentTime.dmp log=$DIR/$currentTime.log buffer=104857600

#1>/dev/null 2>&1

pwd

echo "-end-"

exp userid=用戶名/密碼 owner=\(用戶1，用戶2\) file=導(dǎo)出路徑/文件名.dmp log=導(dǎo)出路徑/文件名.log

buffer=數(shù)據(jù)緩沖區(qū)大小

[oracle@TEST backup]$ ./exp.sh

-begin-

2017-01-09_23:10:07

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jan 9 23:10:07 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. ?All rights reserved.

EXP-00056: ORACLE error 12504 encountered

ORA-12504: TNS:listener was not given the SERVICE_NAME in CONNECT_DATA

EXP-00000: Export terminated unsuccessfully

/backup

-end-

找不到service_name，因為是本地導(dǎo)出，開啟本地監(jiān)聽后，不需要加@servicename

[oracle@TEST admin]$ cat listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File:

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = test)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4)

(SID_NAME = test)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.9.40)(PORT = 1521))

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

導(dǎo)出過程中報錯

EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

server uses AL32UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion)可能字符集轉(zhuǎn)換

原來是導(dǎo)出的字符集與oracle的字符集不一樣

1、查看database中的NLS_CHARACTERSET的值

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters t where t.parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

PARAMETERVALUE

------------------- ?---------------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSETAL32UTF8

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters t where t.parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

PARAMETERVALUE

------------------- ---------------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSET AL32UTF8

2、根據(jù)第一步查出來的NLS_CHARACTERSET(即ZHS16GBK)來設(shè)定

windows環(huán)境：cmd > set NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

linux環(huán)境：Shell > export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

EXP-00010: READHSCMP is not a valid username

沒有readhscmp這個用戶 后來添加上scott用戶

總結(jié)

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