TQueue 和 TStack, 一個是隊列列表, 一個是堆棧列表; 一個是先進先出, 一個是先進后出.

TStack 主要有三個方法、一個屬性:
Push(壓棧)、Pop(出棧)、Peek(查看下一個要出棧的元素);
Count(元素總數).

?

pas
unit?Unit1;

interface

uses
??Windows,?Messages,?SysUtils,?Variants,?Classes,?Graphics,?Controls,?Forms,
??Dialogs,?StdCtrls;

type
??TForm1?=?class(TForm)
????Memo1:?TMemo;
????Button1:?TButton;
????Button2:?TButton;
????Button3:?TButton;
????procedure?FormCreate(Sender:?TObject);
????procedure?FormDestroy(Sender:?TObject);
????procedure?Button1Click(Sender:?TObject);
????procedure?Button2Click(Sender:?TObject);
????procedure?Button3Click(Sender:?TObject);
??end;

var
??Form1:?TForm1;

implementation

{$R?*.dfm}

uses?Generics.Collections;?{Delphi?2009?新增的泛型容器單元}

type
??TRec?=?record
????Name:?string;
????Age:?Word;
??end;

var
??Stack:?TStack<TRec>;??{定義一個泛型?TStack?類,?這指定了要用于上面定義的?TRec?記錄}

{建立}
procedure?TForm1.FormCreate(Sender:?TObject);
begin
??Stack?:=?TStack<TRec>.Create;

??Memo1.Clear;
??Button1.Caption?:=?Button1.Caption?+?'?壓棧';
??Button2.Caption?:=?Button2.Caption?+?'?出棧';
??Button3.Caption?:=?Button3.Caption?+?'?下一個出棧的';
end;

{釋放}
procedure?TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender:?TObject);
begin
??Stack.Free;
end;

{壓棧:?Push}
procedure?TForm1.Button1Click(Sender:?TObject);
var
??rec:?TRec;
begin
??rec.Name?:=?StringOfChar(Char(65?+?Random(26)),?3);
??rec.Age?:=?Random(150);
??Stack.Push(rec);
??Text?:=?Format('當前隊列成員總數:?%d',?[Stack.Count]);

??{讓?Memo1?配合顯示}
??Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('%s,?%d',?[rec.Name,?rec.Age]));
end;

{出棧:?Pop}
procedure?TForm1.Button2Click(Sender:?TObject);
var
??rec:?TRec;
begin
??if?Stack.Count?=?0?then?Exit;
??rec?:=?Stack.Pop;
??ShowMessage(Format('%s,?%d',?[rec.Name,?rec.Age]));
??Text?:=?Format('當前隊列成員總數:?%d',?[Stack.Count]);

??{讓?Memo1?配合顯示}
??Memo1.Lines.Delete(Memo1.Lines.Count?-?1);
end;

{下一個出列的的元素:?Peek}
procedure?TForm1.Button3Click(Sender:?TObject);
var
??rec:?TRec;
begin
??if?Stack.Count?=?0?then?Exit;
??rec?:=?Stack.Peek;
??ShowMessage(Format('%s,?%d',?[rec.Name,?rec.Age]));
end;

end.

?

?

?

dfm
object?Form1:?TForm1
??Left?=?0
??Top?=?0
??Caption?=?'Form1'
??ClientHeight?=?147
??ClientWidth?=?284
??Color?=?clBtnFace
??Font.Charset?=?DEFAULT_CHARSET
??Font.Color?=?clWindowText
??Font.Height?=?-11
??Font.Name?=?'Tahoma'
??Font.Style?=?[]
??OldCreateOrder?=?False
??Position?=?poDesktopCenter
??OnCreate?=?FormCreate
??OnDestroy?=?FormDestroy
??PixelsPerInch?=?96
??TextHeight?=?13
??object?Memo1:?TMemo
????Left?=?0
????Top?=?0
????Width?=?121
????Height?=?147
????Align?=?alLeft
????Font.Charset?=?DEFAULT_CHARSET
????Font.Color?=?clWindowText
????Font.Height?=?-13
????Font.Name?=?'Courier?New'
????Font.Style?=?[]
????Lines.Strings?=?(
??????'Memo1')
????ParentFont?=?False
????ScrollBars?=?ssBoth
????TabOrder?=?0
??end
??object?Button1:?TButton
????Left?=?127
????Top?=?21
????Width?=?146
????Height?=?25
????Caption?=?'Button1'
????TabOrder?=?1
????OnClick?=?Button1Click
??end
??object?Button2:?TButton
????Left?=?127
????Top?=?61
????Width?=?146
????Height?=?25
????Caption?=?'Button2'
????TabOrder?=?2
????OnClick?=?Button2Click
??end
??object?Button3:?TButton
????Left?=?127
????Top?=?99
????Width?=?146
????Height?=?25
????Caption?=?'Button3'
????TabOrder?=?3
????OnClick?=?Button3Click
??end
end

?

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