vue-li 配置介绍
vue項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)
├── build --------------------------------- webpack相關(guān)配置文件
│ ├── build.js --------------------------webpack打包配置文件
│ ├── check-versions.js ------------------------------ 檢查npm,nodejs版本
│ ├── dev-client.js ---------------------------------- 設(shè)置環(huán)境
│ ├── dev-server.js ---------------------------------- 創(chuàng)建express服務(wù)器，配置中間件，啟動(dòng)可熱重載的服務(wù)器，用于開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目
│ ├── utils.js --------------------------------------- 配置資源路徑，配置css加載器
│ ├── vue-loader.conf.js ----------------------------- 配置css加載器等
│ ├── webpack.base.conf.js --------------------------- webpack基本配置
│ ├── webpack.dev.conf.js ---------------------------- 用于開(kāi)發(fā)的webpack設(shè)置
│ ├── webpack.prod.conf.js --------------------------- 用于打包的webpack設(shè)置
├── config ---------------------------------- 配置文件
├── node_modules ---------------------------- 存放依賴的目錄
├── src ------------------------------------- 源碼
│ ├── assets ------------------------------ 靜態(tài)文件
│ ├── components -------------------------- 組件
│ ├── main.js ----------------------------- 主js
│ ├── App.vue ----------------------------- 項(xiàng)目入口組件
│ ├── router ------------------------------ 路由
├── package.json ---------------------------- node配置文件
├── .babelrc--------------------------------- babel配置文件
├── .editorconfig---------------------------- 編輯器配置
├── .gitignore------------------------------- 配置git可忽略的文件
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主要的配置文件
首選來(lái)看一下package.json里面scripts字段，看一下在執(zhí)行npm run dev?和npm run build時(shí)做了什么
"name": "laoli",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "aaa",
"scripts": {
"dev": "node build/dev-server.js",
"start": "node build/dev-server.js",
"build": "node build/build.js"
}
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當(dāng)我們執(zhí)行npm run dev時(shí)，首選執(zhí)行的是dev-server.js
當(dāng)我們執(zhí)行npm run build時(shí)，首選執(zhí)行的是build.js
dev-server.js
引入配置文件
引入相關(guān)插件
創(chuàng)建express實(shí)例
配置webpack-dev-middleware和webpack-hot-middleware
配置靜態(tài)資源路徑，并掛到express服務(wù)上
啟動(dòng)服務(wù)器，并判斷是否自動(dòng)打開(kāi)默認(rèn)瀏覽器
監(jiān)聽(tīng)端口
require('./check-versions')()
//引入相關(guān)配置
var config = require('../config')
// 檢查Node的環(huán)境變量，如果沒(méi)有則使用配置文件中設(shè)置的環(huán)境
if (!process.env.NODE_ENV) {
process.env.NODE_ENV = JSON.parse(config.dev.env.NODE_ENV)
}
//opn -- A better node-open. Opens stuff like websites, files, executables. Cross-platform.
//這里用來(lái)打開(kāi)默認(rèn)瀏覽器，打開(kāi)dev-server監(jiān)聽(tīng)的端口
var opn = require('opn')
var path = require('path')
var express = require('express')
var webpack = require('webpack')
//express中間件，用于http請(qǐng)求代理到其他服務(wù)器
var proxyMiddleware = require('http-proxy-middleware')
//判斷當(dāng)前環(huán)境，選擇導(dǎo)入的webpack配置
var webpackConfig = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
? require('./webpack.prod.conf')
require('./webpack.dev.conf')
?
// default port where dev server listens for incoming traffic
//默認(rèn)的dev-server的監(jiān)聽(tīng)端口
var port = process.env.PORT || config.dev.port
// automatically open browser, if not set will be false
//是否自動(dòng)打開(kāi)瀏覽器，默認(rèn)是false
var autoOpenBrowser = !!config.dev.autoOpenBrowser
// Define HTTP proxies to your custom API backend
// https://github.com/chimurai/http-proxy-middleware
//定義http代理到你的自定義的API后端
var proxyTable = config.dev.proxyTable
//創(chuàng)建express實(shí)例
var app = express()
// 根據(jù)webpack的config創(chuàng)建Compiler對(duì)象
var compiler = webpack(webpackConfig)
?
//使用compiler相應(yīng)的文件進(jìn)行編譯和綁定，編譯后的內(nèi)容將存放在內(nèi)存中
var devMiddleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware')(compiler, {
publicPath: webpackConfig.output.publicPath,
quiet: true
})
//用于實(shí)現(xiàn)熱重載
var hotMiddleware = require('webpack-hot-middleware')(compiler, {
log: false,
heartbeat: 2000
})
// force page reload when html-webpack-plugin template changes
//當(dāng)html-webpack-plugin提交頁(yè)面之后，使用熱重載強(qiáng)制頁(yè)面重載
compiler.plugin('compilation', function (compilation) {
compilation.plugin('html-webpack-plugin-after-emit', function (data, cb) {
hotMiddleware.publish({ action: 'reload' })
cb()
})
})
?
// proxy api requests
//在express上使用代理表中的配置
Object.keys(proxyTable).forEach(function (context) {
var options = proxyTable[context]
if (typeof options === 'string') {
options = { target: options }
}
app.use(proxyMiddleware(options.filter || context, options))
})
?
// handle fallback for HTML5 history API
//一個(gè)解決單頁(yè)的重定向錯(cuò)誤的插件
app.use(require('connect-history-api-fallback')())
?
// serve webpack bundle output
// 使用devMiddleware，webpack編譯后的文件將掛到express服務(wù)器上
app.use(devMiddleware)
?
// enable hot-reload and state-preserving
// compilation error display
// 使用熱重載中間件
app.use(hotMiddleware)
?
// serve pure static assets
//配置靜態(tài)資源路徑
var staticPath = path.posix.join(config.dev.assetsPublicPath, config.dev.assetsSubDirectory)
//將靜態(tài)文件掛到express服務(wù)器上
app.use(staticPath, express.static('./static'))
//設(shè)置應(yīng)用的url
var uri = 'http://localhost:' + port
?
var _resolve
var readyPromise = new Promise(resolve => {
_resolve = resolve
})
?
console.log('> Starting dev server...')
//devMiddleware valid之后，啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
devMiddleware.waitUntilValid(() => {
console.log('> Listening at ' + uri + '\n')
// when env is testing, don't need open it
//如果設(shè)置為自動(dòng)打開(kāi)瀏覽器，通過(guò)opn打開(kāi)uri
if (autoOpenBrowser && process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'testing') {
opn(uri)
}
_resolve()
})
//監(jiān)聽(tīng)配置的端口
var server = app.listen(port)
?
module.exports = {
ready: readyPromise,
close: () => {
server.close()
}
}
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webpack.base.conf.js
配置編譯入口和輸出路徑
模塊resolve的規(guī)則
配置不同類(lèi)型模塊的處理規(guī)則
var path = require('path')
var utils = require('./utils')
var config = require('../config')
var vueLoaderConfig = require('./vue-loader.conf')
//絕對(duì)路徑
function resolve (dir) {
return path.join(__dirname, '..', dir)
}
module.exports = {
//webpack的入口文件
entry: {
app: './src/main.js'
},
output: {
//webpack輸出文件的路徑
path: config.build.assetsRoot,
//輸出的文件命名格式
filename: '[name].js',
// webpack編譯輸出的發(fā)布路徑
publicPath: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
? config.build.assetsPublicPath
: config.dev.assetsPublicPath
},
//模塊resolve的規(guī)則
resolve: {
//resolve的后綴名
extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json'],
//配置路徑別名，比如import Vue from 'vue/dist/vue.common.js'--> import Vue from 'vue'
alias: {
'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js',
'@': resolve('src')
}
},
//配置不同類(lèi)型模塊的處理規(guī)則
module: {
rules: [
// src和test文件夾下的.js和.vue文件使用eslint-loader
{
test: /.(js|vue)$/,
loader: 'eslint-loader',
enforce: 'pre',
include: [resolve('src'), resolve('test')],
options: {
formatter: require('eslint-friendly-formatter')
}
},
//所有的.vue文件使用vue-loader
{
test: /.vue$/,
loader: 'vue-loader',
options: vueLoaderConfig
},
//src和test下的.js文件使用babel-loader
{
test: /.js$/,
loader: 'babel-loader',
include: [resolve('src'), resolve('test')]
},
//所有的圖片文件使用url-loader
{
test: /.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,
loader: 'url-loader',
options: {
limit: 10000,
name: utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
}
},
//所有的音頻文件使用url-loader
{
test: /.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/,
loader: 'url-loader',
options: {
limit: 10000,
name: utils.assetsPath('media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
}
},
//所有的字體文件使用url-loader
{
test: /.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/,
loader: 'url-loader',
options: {
limit: 10000,
name: utils.assetsPath('fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
}
}
]
}
}
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webpack.dev.conf.js
合并基礎(chǔ)的webpack配置
使用styleLoaders
配置Source Maps
配置webpack插件
var utils = require('./utils')
var webpack = require('webpack')
var config = require('../config')
var merge = require('webpack-merge')
var baseWebpackConfig = require('./webpack.base.conf')
//生成html文件并自動(dòng)注入依賴文件的插件， script & link
var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin')
//一個(gè)輸出webpack警告，錯(cuò)誤的插件
var FriendlyErrorsPlugin = require('friendly-errors-webpack-plugin')
// add hot-reload related code to entry chunks
//添加熱重載相關(guān)的代碼到entry chunks
Object.keys(baseWebpackConfig.entry).forEach(function (name) {
baseWebpackConfig.entry[name] = ['./build/dev-client'].concat(baseWebpackConfig.entry[name])
})
//合并webpack.base.conf
module.exports = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
module: {
//使用styleLoaders處理樣式文件
rules: utils.styleLoaders({ sourceMap: config.dev.cssSourceMap })
},
// cheap-module-eval-source-map is faster for development
//配置Source Maps
?
devtool: '#cheap-module-eval-source-map',
//配置webpack插件
plugins:
new webpack.DefinePlugin({
'process.env': config.dev.env
}),
// https://github.com/glenjamin/webpack-hot-middleware#installation--usage
new webpack.HotModuleReplacementPlugin(),
//在編譯出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，使用 NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin 來(lái)跳過(guò)輸出階段。這樣可以確保輸出資源不會(huì)包含錯(cuò)誤。
new webpack.NoEmitOnErrorsPlugin(),
// https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-plugin
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
filename: 'index.html',
template: 'index.html',
inject: true
}),
new FriendlyErrorsPlugin()
?
})
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** 配置Source Maps
source-map 在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的文件中產(chǎn)生一個(gè)完整且功能完全的文件。這個(gè)文件具有最好的sourcemap，但是它會(huì)減慢打包文件的構(gòu)建速度；
cheap-module-source-map在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的文件中生成一個(gè)不帶列映射的map，不帶列映射提高項(xiàng)目構(gòu)建速度，但是也使得瀏覽器開(kāi)發(fā)者工具只能對(duì)應(yīng)到具體的行，不能對(duì)應(yīng)到具體的列（符號(hào)），會(huì)對(duì)調(diào)試造成不便；
eval-source-map 使用eval打包源文件模塊，在同一個(gè)文件中生成干凈的完整的sourcemap。這個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以在不影響構(gòu)建速度的前提下生成完整的sourcemap，但是對(duì)打包后輸出的JS文件的執(zhí)行具有性能和安全的隱患。不過(guò)在開(kāi)發(fā)階段這是一個(gè)非常好的選項(xiàng)，但是在生產(chǎn)階段一定不要用這個(gè)選項(xiàng)；
cheap-module-eval-source-map 這是在打包文件時(shí)最快的生成source map的方法，生成的SourceMap 會(huì)和打包后的JavaScript文件同行顯示，沒(méi)有列映射，和eval-source-map選項(xiàng)具有相似的缺點(diǎn)；
build.js
webpack編譯
輸出信息
require('./check-versions')()
process.env.NODE_ENV = 'production'
//控制臺(tái)loading動(dòng)畫(huà)
var ora = require('ora')
var rm = require('rimraf')
var path = require('path')
// 高亮控制臺(tái)輸出的插件
var chalk = require('chalk')
var webpack = require('webpack')
var config = require('../config')
var webpackConfig = require('./webpack.prod.conf')
//在控制臺(tái)輸出building for production...
var spinner = ora('building for production...')
//開(kāi)始loading動(dòng)畫(huà)
spinner.start()
//獲取輸出文件路徑
rm(path.join(config.build.assetsRoot, config.build.assetsSubDirectory), err => {
if (err) throw err
//webpack編譯
webpack(webpackConfig, function (err, stats) {
//停止loading動(dòng)畫(huà)
spinner.stop()
//如果錯(cuò)誤拋出錯(cuò)誤
if (err) throw err
//完成輸出相關(guān)信息
process.stdout.write(stats.toString({
colors: true,
modules: false,
children: false,
chunks: false,
chunkModules: false
}) + '\n\n')
console.log(chalk.cyan(' Build complete.\n'))
console.log(chalk.yellow(
' Tip: built files are meant to be served over an HTTP server.\n' +
' Opening index.html over file:// won\'t work.\n'
))
})
})
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webpack.prod.conf.js
合并基礎(chǔ)的webpack配置
配置webpack的輸出
配置webpack插件
配置gzip模式
配置webpack-bundle-analyzer，分析打包后生成的文件結(jié)構(gòu)
var env = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
? require('../config/test.env')
config.build.env
//合并webpack.base.conf
var webpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
module: {
rules: utils.styleLoaders({
sourceMap: config.build.productionSourceMap,
extract: true
})
},
devtool: config.build.productionSourceMap ? '#source-map' : false,
output: {
//配置輸出路徑
path: config.build.assetsRoot,
//輸出的文件命名格式
filename: utils.assetsPath('js/[name].[chunkhash].js'),
//未指定文件名的文件的文件名格式
chunkFilename: utils.assetsPath('js/[id].[chunkhash].js')
},
//相關(guān)插件
plugins: [
// http://vuejs.github.io/vue-loader/en/workflow/production.html
new webpack.DefinePlugin({
'process.env': env
}),
//壓縮js插件
new webpack.optimize.UglifyJsPlugin({
compress: {
warnings: false
},
sourceMap: true
}),
// extract css into its own file
//從bundle中抽取css文件
new ExtractTextPlugin({
filename: utils.assetsPath('css/[name].[contenthash].css')
}),
// Compress extracted CSS. We are using this plugin so that possible
// duplicated CSS from different components can be deduped.
//壓縮抽取的css文件
new OptimizeCSSPlugin({
cssProcessorOptions: {
safe: true
}
}),
// generate dist index.html with correct asset hash for caching.
// you can customize output by editing /index.html
// see https://github.com/ampedandwired/html-webpack-plugin
//用于生成dist/index.html，加入hash用于緩存。hash不改變不進(jìn)行更新
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
filename: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'testing'
? 'index.html'
: config.build.index,
template: 'index.html',
inject: true,
minify: {
removeComments: true,
collapseWhitespace: true,
removeAttributeQuotes: true
// more options:
// https://github.com/kangax/html-minifier#options-quick-reference
},
// necessary to consistently work with multiple chunks via CommonsChunkPlugin
chunksSortMode: 'dependency'
}),
// split vendor js into its own file
//分離第三方j(luò)s到單獨(dú)的文件中
new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
name: 'vendor',
minChunks: function (module, count) {
// any required modules inside node_modules are extracted to vendor
return (
module.resource &&
/.js$/.test(module.resource) &&
module.resource.indexOf(
path.join(__dirname, '../node_modules')
) === 0
)
}
}),
// extract webpack runtime and module manifest to its own file in order to
// prevent vendor hash from being updated whenever app bundle is updated
new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
name: 'manifest',
chunks: ['vendor']
}),
// copy custom static assets
new CopyWebpackPlugin([
{
from: path.resolve(__dirname, '../static'),
to: config.build.assetsSubDirectory,
ignore: ['.*']
}
])
]
})
// 配置gzip模式
if (config.build.productionGzip) {
var CompressionWebpackPlugin = require('compression-webpack-plugin')
?
webpackConfig.plugins.push(
new CompressionWebpackPlugin({
asset: '[path].gz[query]',
algorithm: 'gzip',
test: new RegExp(
'\.(' +
config.build.productionGzipExtensions.join('|') +
')$'
),
threshold: 10240,
minRatio: 0.8
})
)
}
//配置webpack-bundle-analyzer，分析打包后生成的文件結(jié)構(gòu)
if (config.build.bundleAnalyzerReport) {
var BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').BundleAnalyzerPlugin
webpackConfig.plugins.push(new BundleAnalyzerPlugin())
}
?
?
module.exports = webpackConfig
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config/index.js
最后是config中的index.js文件，它都配置了什么
var path = require('path')
module.exports = {
//打包時(shí)使用的配置
build: {
//webpack的環(huán)境
env: require('./prod.env'),
//輸入的index.html的路徑
index: path.resolve(__dirname, '../dist/index.html'),
//輸出的目標(biāo)文件夾路徑
assetsRoot: path.resolve(__dirname, '../dist'),
//輸出的子文件夾路徑
assetsSubDirectory: 'static',
//發(fā)布路徑
assetsPublicPath: '/',
//是否使用SourceMap
productionSourceMap: true,
// Gzip off by default as many popular static hosts such as
// Surge or Netlify already gzip all static assets for you.
// Before setting to
true
, make sure to:
// npm install --save-dev compression-webpack-plugin
// 是否開(kāi)啟Gzip
productionGzip: false,
//Gzip的壓縮文件類(lèi)型
productionGzipExtensions: ['js', 'css'],
// Run the build command with an extra argument to
// View the bundle analyzer report after build finishes:
//
npm run build --report
// Set to
true
or
false
to always turn it on or off
bundleAnalyzerReport: process.env.npm_config_report
},
//開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)使用的配置
dev: {
//webpack環(huán)境
env: require('./dev.env'),
//端口
port: 8080,
//是否自動(dòng)打開(kāi)瀏覽器
autoOpenBrowser: true,
//輸出的子文件夾路徑
assetsSubDirectory: 'static',
//發(fā)布路徑
assetsPublicPath: '/',
//配置代理表
proxyTable: {},
// CSS Sourcemaps off by default because relative paths are "buggy"
// with this option, according to the CSS-Loader README
// (https://github.com/webpack/css-loader#sourcemaps)
// In our experience, they generally work as expected,
// just be aware of this issue when enabling this option.
cssSourceMap: false
}
}
---------------------
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39542027/article/details/80002461
轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaobai-y/p/10669063.html
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