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Spring杂记
基于Spring的項目啟動
Links
- Download Spring
- Download Struts2
- 詳解spring 每個jar的作用
- Spring API
web.xml加載spring, struts2
<context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter><filter-name>struts2</filter-name><filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping><filter-name>struts2</filter-name><url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>spring-farmework-4.2.4 整合 struts 2.3.24.1
- @Results( { @Result(name = ActionSupport.SUCCESS, type = "json", params = { "root", "bannerResult", "excludeNullProperties", "true", "enableGZIP", "true" }) })
- 最少所需依賴包
- spring-core-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
- spring-web-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
- spring-context-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
- spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
- spring-aop-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
- spring-expression-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar
- commons-logging-1.2.jar
- 整合struts 2.3.24.1
- struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.1.jar
- xwork-core-2.3.24.1.jar
- struts2-core-2.3.24.1.jar
- ognl-3.0.6.jar
- javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar
- commons-io-2.2.jar
- commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar
- freemarker-2.3.22.jar
- commons-lang3-3.2.jar
- struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.24.1.jar Struts2 Annotation
- asm-3.3.jar
- struts2-json-plugin-2.3.24.1.jar Use json-default package
- asm-commons-3.3.jar 需要但有時候不報錯
- struts2-config-browser-plugin-2.3.24.1.jar /config-browser/actionNames.action
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"xmlns:ehcache="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsdhttp://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-springhttp://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring/ehcache-spring-1.1.xsd"><context:annotation-config /><context:component-scan base-package="" /><task:annotation-driven /> <import resource="classpath:/applicationContext_datasource.xml" /><ehcache:annotation-driven cache-manager="ehCacheManager" /><bean id="ehCacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean" /><bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"><property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" /><property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" /><property name="locations"><list><value>classpath:global.properties</value><value>classpath:query.properties</value></list></property></bean></beans>
Spring3.2.9 整合 Hibernate4.2.2
- spring jar
- spring-core-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-context-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-beans-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-orm-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-tx-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-jdbc-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-expression-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- spring-aop-3.2.9.RELEASE.jar
- hibernate jar
- hibernate-core-4.2.2.Final.jar
- hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar
- hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
- other jar
- dom4j-1.6.1.jar
- javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar
- jboss-logging-3.1.0.GA.jar
- aopalliance-1.0.jar
and maybe there are smoe other jars not know because they are in project already
applicationContext.xml
dataSource
<bean id="orcaleDS" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"><property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"></property><property name="url" value="${xxx.url}"></property><property name="username" value="${xxx.user}"></property><property name="password" value="${xxx.DB.password}"></property></bean>sessionFactory
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"><property name="dataSource" ref="orcaleDS" /><property name="hibernateProperties"><props><prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop><prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop><prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop><prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop></props></property><property name="packagesToScan"> <list> <value>com.xxx.pojo</value> </list> </property> </bean>
packagesToScan 需要spring3,2.5不支持transactionManager
<tx:annotation-driven/><bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"><property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property></bean>
@Transcation 需要annotation-driven才會生效
Junit4 and Mokito 與Spring整合
Junit4 和 Spring整合，用Spring IOC來管理Test Case，從而實現(xiàn)Test Case可利用Spring強大的事物管理等功能，實現(xiàn)Test Case對數(shù)據(jù)庫操作回滾的功能,保持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)庫的完整性。
Mockito能有效的mock那些測試類中的不可控的對象，比如Request和Response
注解的方式整合Spring ： extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"config/applicationContext-datasource-test.xml","config/applicationContext-Freedom-test.xml","classpath:applicationContext-grid.xml","classpath:applicationContext-Freedom-legacy.xml" })實現(xiàn)事物回滾
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = true)Mockito
- MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
- 使Mockito的注解生效，如果不用SpringTest跑test case,可以用@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)代替
- @Mock 和 @InjectMocks
- @mock為一個interface提供一個虛擬的實現(xiàn)，成為一個mock對象。
- @InjectMocks將本test類中的mock（或@mock）注入到被標(biāo)注的對象中去，也就是說被標(biāo)注的對象中需要使用標(biāo)注了mock（或@mock）的對象。但是被標(biāo)注的對象不是一個mock對象
- @Spy：可用于實現(xiàn)部分mock
- @Mock的對象只有在調(diào)用了Mockito.when(obj.doSomething()).thenCallRealMethod()的時候才會調(diào)用真實方法
- 而@Spy注解的對象只有在調(diào)用了Mockito.when(obj.doSomething()).thenReturn(rtnValue)的時候才返回mock的值，但是真實方法還是會運行
- 直接返回mock后的值而運行原方法：Mockito.doReturn(true).when(obj).doSomething();
mock Request和Response
protected HttpServletResponse getReponseWithPrintWriter() throws IOException {PrintWriter writer = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(PrintWriter.class);HttpServletResponse response = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(HttpServletResponse.class);org.mockito.Mockito.when(response.getWriter()).thenReturn(writer);return response; }protected HttpServletResponse getReponseWithOutputStream() throws IOException {ServletOutputStream outputStream = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(ServletOutputStream.class);HttpServletResponse response = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(HttpServletResponse.class);org.mockito.Mockito.when(response.getOutputStream()).thenReturn(outputStream);return response; } protected HttpServletRequest getUserIdFromPortalWithMockedRequest() {HttpServletRequest request = org.mockito.Mockito.mock(HttpServletRequest.class);org.mockito.Mockito.when(request.getHeader("user")).thenReturn("sxq");return request; }其他
- @Autowired注入Action
- System.setProperty("SERVER_ENV", "DEV");設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
Spring AOP
- Maven dependency
- aspectjrt.jar
- aspectjtools.jar
- @Aspect [切面]
- 一個切面包括了代理類和目標(biāo)類
- 無法被掃描，需要加上@Component，或者把@Aspect加入到掃描列表中
- Aspect 類上面除了@Aspect和@Component注解外，不能添加某些其他spring annonation，比如@RefreshScope，否則會造成@Around通知的point.proceed();方法也被代理，代理方法執(zhí)行兩次
- @Pointcut [切入點]
- spring的所有切入點都是方法
- execution : 聲明切入點為某些方法
- pointcut="(execution * com.*.service..*.fetch(..))"
- 第1個星 : 任意返回值類型
- 第2個星 : 任意包
- 第3個星 : 任意類
- .. : 第一個點表示目錄分隔，第二個點表示類
- within : 聲明切入點為某些類的所有方法
- @annotation : 聲明切入點為某些annonation
- Annotation需要被掃描
- bean
- spring bean的名字
- Advice [通知]: 代理方法
- @Before/@After
- @AfterReturning
- returnning="result" : 定義返回值為參數(shù)
- @AfterThrowing
- throwing="e" : 定義異常為參數(shù)
- @Around
- this="thisBean" : 定義代理類為參數(shù)，并且也起到聲明切入點的作用
- target="targetBean" : 定義目標(biāo)類為參數(shù)，就是被代理類，并且也起到聲明切入點的作用
- args="(arg0,arg1)" : 定義參數(shù)，并且也起到聲明切入點的作用
- @Orderd(1)
- 多個通知的順序，默認0
- 引入(Introduction)
- @DeclareParents ：將代理方法實現(xiàn)某個接口
Spring Data JPA
Spring Scheduler
- @Scheduled與@Async合用的時候，不管前一個任務(wù)又沒有完成，都會再起一個線程開始新的任務(wù)
@Scheduled默認單線程，可以通過設(shè)置線程池的個數(shù)來達到多現(xiàn)成的需求
@Configurationpublic class SchedulerConfiguration implements SchedulingConfigurer {@Overridepublic void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) {ThreadPoolTaskScheduler taskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler();taskScheduler.setPoolSize(20);taskScheduler.initialize();taskRegistrar.setTaskScheduler(taskScheduler);}}
Spring Cache
Getting Start
- Maven dependency
- org.springframework.boot : spring-boot-starter-cache
- spring-context-x.RELEASE.jar
- @EnableCaching
- 可以放在spring boot 啟動類
- 啟用@Cacheable, @CachePut and @CacheEvict
- doc : https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/integration.html#cache
- CacheManager
- 不指定CacheManager實現(xiàn)的時候默認使用ConcurrentHashMap
Spring MVC
常用Annonation
- @RestController或者使用@Controller+@ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping(value = "/springboot/webapi/price/get", method = RequestMethod.GET)
- PostMapping/GetMapping
- consumes: 限制接受請求的數(shù)據(jù)類型（Content-Type）,MediaType
- produces: 限制返回的數(shù)據(jù)類型(accept)
- @PathVariable
- 一般把key放在請求的path里{key}
@RequestParam(required=false) String ccy
@ModelAttribute - 默認，可以忽略不寫
- 自動尋找path/param里的參數(shù)
@ResponseStatus - 定義返回的狀態(tài)碼
@ControllerAdvice - @ExceptionHandler: 相關(guān)的Controller的特定Exception會被攔截，又切面同一處理
- ModelMap可以用于返回多個stiring
9種Http Method
- GET : 獲取
- POST : 添加
- PUT/PATCH : 修改/部分修改
- DELETE : 刪除
- OPTIONS : 獲取可用的協(xié)議有哪些
- HEAD : 只獲取head
- CONNECT : 維護一次心跳
- TRACE : 跟蹤
Reactive 非阻塞式編程
- Spring MVC 使用java nio實現(xiàn)
- 直接釋放請求鏈接，等到結(jié)果完成后返回Response響應(yīng)
- DeferredResult : 返回單個對象
- ResponseBodyEmitter : 返回一個列表
- SseEmitter : 支持持續(xù)響應(yīng)Response
- Spring Web Flex也支持這種操作
- Spring 很多框架支持Reactive編程,比如Redis等
- Reactive 編程與java流一起使用
RestTemplate
基礎(chǔ)
- GET
- getForEntity("http://rates-cache//subject/{1}/{2}/get", String.class, "bond", "key")
- getForObject : 等同于entity.getBody()
- POST
- postForEntity("http://rates-cache//subject/{1}/put?param={2}", subjects, void.class, "bond", "param");
- postForObject
- postForLocaltion : 用于提交資源，返回新資源的URI
- PUT
- put("http://rates-cache//subject/{1}/put", subjects, "bond"); : 返回void
- DELETE
- delete("http://rates-cache//subject/{1}/put", "bond"); : 返回void
Request Header
val httpHeaders = HttpHeaders()httpHeaders.contentType = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON httpHeaders.setBasicAuth("usr","pwd")httpHeaders.accept = listOf(MediaType.ALL) // 接受任何形式的返回值類型val httpEntity = HttpEntity(request, httpHeaders)val response = restTemplate.postForObject(url, httpEntity, String::class.java)Spring Annonation
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean
- 注解里的參數(shù)的類型如果已經(jīng)存在一個Bean，那么被此注解修飾的類的方法上面有此注解的方法將不再執(zhí)行
- @ConfigurationProperties
- 將properties或者yml配置直接轉(zhuǎn)成對象
- 自定義的配置，對象可以自定義
- spring為很多模塊提供了對象
- spring cloud zuul : ZuulProperties
Spring Integration Test
- 限定profile和指定profile
- @ActiveProfiles("integration-mock")
- @Profile("integration-mock")
- 使用隨機端口啟動服務(wù)，并發(fā)送http請求進行集成測試
- @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
- @Autowired var testRestTemplate: TestRestTemplate? = null
轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/judesheng/p/10622033.html
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