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ORACLE wallet实现无需输入用户名与密码登陆数据库
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? ? 在ORACLE 10G前，我們在SHELL或JDBC中連接數據庫時，都需要輸入用戶名與密碼，并且都是明文。從1OGR2開始，ORACLE提供wallet這個工具，可以實現無需輸入用戶名與密碼就可以登陸數據庫，如下：
??? 一般情況：sqlplus scott/oracle@htzdg
??? 用wallet后：sqlplus /@htzdg
?
??? 測試環境：
??? server :solaris 10,oracle 11gr2
??? client :win 7,oracle11gr2
??? 登陸端配置tnsnames.ora文件，增加下面幾行
HTZDG?=???(DESCRIPTION?=?????(ADDRESS_LIST?=???????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.168.100.30)(PORT?=?1521))?????)?????(CONNECT_DATA?=???????(SERVER?=?DEDICATED)???????(SERVICE_NAME?=?htzdg)?????)???)???? 測試是否可以正常解析
?
C:\Users\luoping>tnsping?htzdg??TNS?Ping?Utility?for?32-bit?Windows:?Version?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?on?29-8月?-?2012?21:40:40??Copyright?(c)?1997,?2010,?Oracle.??All?rights?reserved.??已使用的參數文件:?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora???已使用?TNSNAMES?適配器來解析別名?嘗試連接?(DESCRIPTION?=?(ADDRESS_LIST?=?(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.1?68.100.30)(PORT?=?1521)))?(CONNECT_DATA?=?(SERVER?=?DEDICATED)?(SERVICE_NAME?=?h?tzdg)))?OK?(40?毫秒)??C:\Users\luoping>?下面是開始配置wallet 1，創建一個wallet
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?-wrl?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\pstore?-create?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。?輸入口令:?再次輸入口令:?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>cd?../?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1>cd?pstore?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\pstore>dir??驅動器?D?中的卷是?DATA??卷的序列號是?D60C-09BD??D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\pstore?的目錄?2012/08/29??15:39????<DIR>??????????.?2012/08/29??15:39????<DIR>??????????..?2012/08/29??15:39?????????????3,589?cwallet.sso?2012/08/29??15:39?????????????3,512?ewallet.p12????????????????2?個文件??????????7,101?字節????????????????2?個目錄?368,717,893,632?可用字節??? 2，啟動wallet與指定wallet位置
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\network\admin>more?sqlnet.ora?#?sqlnet.ora?Network?Configuration?File:?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\?network\admin\sqlnet.ora?#?Generated?by?Oracle?configuration?tools.??#?This?file?is?actually?generated?by?netca.?But?if?customers?choose?to?#?install?"Software?Only",?this?file?wont?exist?and?without?the?native?#?authentication,?they?will?not?be?able?to?connect?to?the?database?on?NT.??SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=?(NTS)??NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH=?(TNSNAMES,?EZCONNECT)?WALLET_LOCATION=(SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY=D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\pstore)))?SQLNET.WALLET_OVERRIDE=TRUE????? 3，增加需要登陸的網絡服務名，用戶，密碼到wallet中
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?-wrl?D:\app\luoping\product\1?1.2.0\client_1\pstore?-createCredential?htzdg?sys?oracle?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??輸入?Wallet?口令:??Create?credential?oracle.security.client.connect_string1????? 4，測試是否成功
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>sqlplus?/@htzdg?as?sysdba??SQL*Plus:?Release?11.2.0.1.0?Production?on?星期三?8月?29?17:48:27?2012??Copyright?(c)?1982,?2010,?Oracle.??All?rights?reserved.???連接到:?Oracle?Database?11g?Enterprise?Edition?Release?11.2.0.1.0?-?64bit?Production?With?the?Partitioning,?OLAP,?Data?Mining?and?Real?Application?Testing?options??SQL>???? 5，查看wallet中配置的網絡服務名
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?-wrl?d:\app\luoping\product\1?1.2.0\client_1\pstore?-listCredential?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??輸入?Wallet?口令:??List?credential?(index:?connect_string?username)?1:?htzdg?sys???? 6，一個網絡服務名，只能對應一個用戶，如果相同的數據庫有多少用戶需要在同一個client通過wallet實現時，我們需要每一個用戶，創建一個網絡服務名。
??? 下面是測試一個網絡服務名，相增加兩個用戶時，報錯。
C:\Users\luoping>mkstore?-wrl?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\pstore?-cre?ateCredential?htzdg?scott?oracle?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??輸入?Wallet?口令:??Create?credential?出現密鑰存儲錯誤:?oracle.security.pki.OracleSecretStoreExcepti?on:?Credential?already?exists????? 7，當密碼修改后，要手動更新wallet中相應的密碼。不然要報錯的。
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>sqlplus?/@htzdg?as?sysdba??SQL*Plus:?Release?11.2.0.1.0?Production?on?星期三?8月?29?17:45:56?2012??Copyright?(c)?1982,?2010,?Oracle.??All?rights?reserved.???連接到:?Oracle?Database?11g?Enterprise?Edition?Release?11.2.0.1.0?-?64bit?Production?With?the?Partitioning,?OLAP,?Data?Mining?and?Real?Application?Testing?options??SQL>?SQL>?alter?user?sys?identified?by?htz;??用戶已更改。??SQL>?exit?從?Oracle?Database?11g?Enterprise?Edition?Release?11.2.0.1.0?-?64bit?Production?With?the?Partitioning,?OLAP,?Data?Mining?and?Real?Application?Testing?options?斷?開??D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>sqlplus?/@htzdg?as?sysdba??SQL*Plus:?Release?11.2.0.1.0?Production?on?星期三?8月?29?17:46:25?2012??Copyright?(c)?1982,?2010,?Oracle.??All?rights?reserved.??ERROR:?ORA-01017:?invalid?username/password;?logon?denied???請輸入用戶名:??D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?-wrl?D:\app\luoping\product\1?1.2.0\client_1\pstore?-modifyCredential?htzdg?sys?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??命令行中缺少您的密鑰/口令?請輸入您的密鑰/口令:??請重新輸入您的密鑰/口令:??輸入?Wallet?口令:??Modify?credential?Modify?1??D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>??D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?-wrl?D:\app\luoping\product\1?1.2.0\client_1\pstore?-modifyCredential?htzdg?sys?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??命令行中缺少您的密鑰/口令?請輸入您的密鑰/口令:??請重新輸入您的密鑰/口令:??輸入?Wallet?口令:??Modify?credential?Modify?1??D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>?D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>sqlplus?/@htzdg?as?sysdba??SQL*Plus:?Release?11.2.0.1.0?Production?on?星期三?8月?29?17:48:27?2012??Copyright?(c)?1982,?2010,?Oracle.??All?rights?reserved.???連接到:?Oracle?Database?11g?Enterprise?Edition?Release?11.2.0.1.0?-?64bit?Production?With?the?Partitioning,?OLAP,?Data?Mining?and?Real?Application?Testing?options??SQL>????? 8，手動刪除wallet中的記錄
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?-wrl?d:\app\luoping\product\1?1.2.0\client_1\pstore?-deleteCredential?htzdg?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??輸入?Wallet?口令:??Delete?credential?Delete?1????? 9,mkstore命令幫忙手冊
D:\app\luoping\product\11.2.0\client_1\BIN>mkstore?Oracle?Secret?Store?Tool:?版本?11.2.0.1.0?-?Production?版權所有?(c)?2004,?2009,?Oracle?和/或其子公司。保留所有權利。??mkstore?[-wrl?wrl]?[-create]?[-createSSO]?[-createLSSO]?[-createALO]?[-delete]?[?-deleteSSO]?[-list]?[-createEntry?alias?secret]?[-viewEntry?alias]?[-modifyEntry??alias?secret]?[-deleteEntry?alias]?[-createCredential?connect_string?username?p?assword]?[-listCredential]?[-modifyCredential?connect_string?username?password]?[-deleteCredential?connect_string]?[-help]?[-nologo]??? 本文轉自7343696 51CTO博客，原文鏈接：http://blog.51cto.com/luoping/976777，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者
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