A mixed complex type element can contain attributes, elements, and text.
混合內(nèi)容的復(fù)合類型元素（XSD Complex Types Element With Mixed Content ）可以含有屬性，元素，和文本。

Complex Types with Mixed Content
混合內(nèi)容的復(fù)合類型

An XML element, "letter", that contains both text and other elements:
一個(gè)XML元素，"letter",既含有文本又含有其他元素：

The following schema declares the "letter" element:
下面的XML公式聲明了"letter"元素：

Note: To enable character data to appear between the child-elements of "letter", the mixed attribute must be set to "true". The <xs:sequence> tag means that the elements defined (name, orderid and shipdate) must appear in that order inside a "letter" element.
注意：為了使字符數(shù)據(jù)能出現(xiàn)在"letter"子元件之間，mixed屬性必須設(shè)置為"true"。<xs:sequence>標(biāo)簽指出了已定義的元素(name, orderid 和shipdate)在"letter"元素里必須以指定的順序出現(xiàn)

We could also give the complexType element a name, and let the "letter" element have a type attribute that refers to the name of the complexType (if you use this method, several elements can refer to the same complex type):
我們可以給這個(gè)complexType元素一個(gè)名稱，并且讓"letter"元素有一個(gè)引用了complexType的名稱的種類屬性（如果你用了這個(gè)方法，幾個(gè)元素可以同時(shí)使用相同的復(fù)合類型）：

XSD 指示器復(fù)合類型
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

We can control HOW elements are to be used in documents with indicators.
用指示器（Indicators）我們可以控制文件中元素的使用方法（HOW TO USE）。

Indicators
指示器（Indicators）

There are seven indicators:
有7種指示器（Indicators）

Order indicators:
順序指示器（Indicators）

• All
  全部
• Choice
  選擇
• Sequence
  按順序

Occurrence indicators:
出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）：

• maxOccurs
  最多出現(xiàn)次數(shù)
• minOccurs
  最少出現(xiàn)次數(shù)

Group indicators:
組指示器（Indicators）：

• Group name
  組名
• attributeGroup name
  屬性組名稱

Order Indicators
順序指示器（Indicators）

Order indicators are used to define the order of the elements.
順序指示器（Indicators）用于指定元素的順序。

All Indicator
全部指示器（Indicators）

The <all> indicator specifies that the child elements can appear in any order, and that each child element must occur only once:
<all>指示器（Indicators）指明了子元件可以以任何次序出現(xiàn)，并且每個(gè)子元件只能出現(xiàn)一次：

Note: When using the <all> indicator you can set the <minOccurs> indicator to 0 or 1 and the <maxOccurs> indicator can only be set to 1 (the <minOccurs> and <maxOccurs> are described later).
注意：用<all>指示器（Indicators）時(shí)你可以把<minOccurs>指示器（Indicators）設(shè)為0或1，<maxOccurs>指示器（Indicators）只能設(shè)為1（<minOccurs> 和 <maxOccurs> 我們后頭再說）

Choice Indicator
選擇指示器（Indicators）

The <choice> indicator specifies that either one child element or another can occur:
<choice>指示器（Indicators）指明了隨便的子元素都可以出現(xiàn)：

Sequence Indicator
有序指示器（Indicators）

The <sequence> indicator specifies that the child elements must appear in a specific order:
<sequence>指示器（Indicators）指定了子元素必須以一個(gè)指明的順序出現(xiàn)：

Occurrence Indicators
出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）

Occurrence indicators are used to define how often an element can occur.
出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）用于定義一個(gè)元素可以出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)

Note: For all "Order" and "Group" indicators (any, all, choice, sequence, group name, and group reference) the default value for maxOccurs and minOccurs is 1.
注意：對(duì)所有的"Order"和"Group"指示器（Indicators）(any, all, choice, sequence，group name, 和 group reference)來說，maxOccurs 和 minOccurs的默認(rèn)值都是1

maxOccurs Indicator
最多出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）

The <maxOccurs> indicator specifies the maximum number of times an element can occur:
最多出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）指明了一個(gè)元素可以出現(xiàn)的最多次數(shù)：

The example above indicates that the "child_name" element can occur a minimum of one time (the default value for minOccurs is 1) and a maximum of ten times in the "person" element.
上面的例子指明了"child_name"元素在"person"元素里最少出現(xiàn)1次（minOccurs的默認(rèn)值為1），最多出現(xiàn)10次

minOccurs Indicator
最少出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）

The <minOccurs> indicator specifies the minimum number of times an element can occur:
最少出現(xiàn)次數(shù)指示器（Indicators）指明了一個(gè)元素要出現(xiàn)的最小次數(shù)：

The example above indicates that the "child_name" element can occur a minimum of zero times and a maximum of ten times in the "person" element.
上面的例子指明了"child_name"元素在"person"元素里最少出現(xiàn)0次（minOccurs的默認(rèn)值為1），最多出現(xiàn)10次

Tip: To allow an element to appear an unlimited number of times, use the maxOccurs="unbounded" statement:
提示：為使元件可以重復(fù)出現(xiàn)無數(shù)次，可以設(shè)置maxOccurs="unbounded"的狀態(tài)

A working example:
實(shí)際作用例子：

An XML file called "Myfamily.xml":
名為"Myfamily.xml"的XML文件：

The XML file above contains a root element named "persons". Inside this root element we have defined three "person" elements. Each "person" element must contain a "full_name" element and it can contain up to five "child_name" elements.
上面XML文件含有一個(gè)名為"persons"的根元素，這個(gè)根元素里面里我們已經(jīng)定義了3個(gè)"person"元素。每個(gè)"person"元素必須含有一個(gè)"full_name"元素，而且最多可有5個(gè)"child_name"元素。

Here is the schema file "family.xsd":
下面是名為"family.xsd"的schema文件：

Group Indicators
組指示器（Indicators）

Group indicators are used to define related sets of elements.
組指示器（Indicators）用于定義相關(guān)的元素組。

Element Groups
元素組

Element groups are defined with the group declaration, like this:
元素組要定義組聲明，像這樣：

You must define an all, choice, or sequence element inside the group declaration. The following example defines a group named "persongroup", that defines a group of elements that must occur in an exact sequence:
你必須在組聲明里定義一個(gè)all, choice,或sequence元素。下面的例子定義了一個(gè)名為"persongroup"的組，這個(gè)定義了一組元素必須以一定順序出現(xiàn)：

After you have defined a group, you can reference it in another definition, like this:
定義了一個(gè)組后，你可以在另一個(gè)組參考它，像這樣：

Attribute Groups
屬性組

Attribute groups are defined with the attributeGroup declaration, like this:
屬性組定義有attributeGroup（屬性組）聲明，像這樣：

The following example defines an attribute group named "personattrgroup":
下面的例子定義了叫做"personattrgroup"的一個(gè)屬性組：

After you have defined an attribute group, you can reference it in another definition, like this:
定義了一個(gè)屬性組之后，你可以在別的定義里參考它，像這樣：

XSD <any> 元素
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

The <any> element enables us to extend the XML document with elements not specified by the schema!
<any>元素可以使我們?cè)赬ML文檔中添加沒有被schema 定義過的新元素從而擴(kuò)充XML文檔。

The <any> Element
<any>元素

The <any> element enables us to extend the XML document with elements not specified by the schema.
<any>元素可以使我們?cè)赬ML文檔中添加沒有被schema 定義過的新元素從而擴(kuò)充XML文檔。

The following example is a fragment from an XML schema called "family.xsd". It shows a declaration for the "person" element. By using the <any> element we can extend (after <lastname>) the content of "person" with any element:
下面的例子是名為"family.xsd"的一份XML schema片段。它展示了"person"元素的聲明。用上<any>元素，我們可以在"person"元素的內(nèi)容里擴(kuò)充任意元素（在<lastname>的后面）

Now we want to extend the "person" element with a "children" element. In this case we can do so, even if the author of the schema above never declared any "children" element.
現(xiàn)在我們想在"person"元素中添加"children"元素，即使這篇schema的作者從未聲明過什么"children"元素，我們也可以做到。

Look at this schema file, called "children.xsd":
請(qǐng)看下面名為"children.xsd"的schema文件：

The XML file below (called "Myfamily.xml"), uses components from two different schemas; "family.xsd" and "children.xsd":
下面的XML文件（叫做"Myfamily.xml"），用上了來自"family.xsd" 和"children.xsd"兩篇不同schema的組件

The XML file above is valid because the schema "family.xsd" allows us to extend the "person" element with an optional element after the "lastname" element.
上述XML文件是有效的，因?yàn)?#34;family.xsd" schema允許我們?cè)?#34;person"元素里的"lastname"元素后面擴(kuò)充一個(gè)任意元素。

The <any> and <anyAttribute> elements are used to make EXTENSIBLE documents! They allow documents to contain additional elements that are not declared in the main XML schema.
<any> 和<anyAttribute>元素是用于制造可擴(kuò)展文檔的！它們?cè)试S文檔含有沒有在主要XML schema里聲明過的其它新元素。

XSD <anyAttribute> 元素
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

The <anyAttribute> element enables us to extend the XML document with attributes not specified by the schema!
<anyAttribute>元素可使我們?cè)赬ML文檔中添加未被schema指定過的屬性

The <anyAttribute> Element
<anyAttribute>元素

The <anyAttribute> element enables us to extend the XML document with attributes not specified by the schema.
<anyAttribute>元素可使我們?cè)赬ML文檔中添加未被schema指定過的屬性

The following example is a fragment from an XML schema called "family.xsd". It shows a declaration for the "person" element. By using the <anyAttribute> element we can add any number of attributes to the "person" element:
下面是名為"family.xsd"的XML schema片段。它顯示了"person"元素的聲明。通過使用<anyAttribute>元素我們可以給"person"元素添加任意數(shù)量的屬性。

Now we want to extend the "person" element with a "gender" attribute. In this case we can do so, even if the author of the schema above never declared any "gender" attribute.
現(xiàn)在我們想在"person"元素中添加"gender"屬性，即使這篇schema的作者從未聲明過什么"gender"屬性，我們也可以做到。

Look at this schema file, called "attribute.xsd":
請(qǐng)看下面名為"attribute.xsd"的schema文件：

The XML file below (called "Myfamily.xml"), uses components from two different schemas; "family.xsd" and "attribute.xsd":
下面的XML文件（叫做"Myfamily.xml"），用上了來自"family.xsd" 和"attribute.xsd"兩篇不同的schema組件。

The XML file above is valid because the schema "family.xsd" allows us to add an attribute to the "person" element.
上述XML文件是有效的，因?yàn)?#34;family.xsd" schema允許我們?cè)?#34;person"元素里添加屬性

The <any> and <anyAttribute> elements are used to make EXTENSIBLE documents! They allow documents to contain additional elements that are not declared in the main XML schema.
<any> 和<anyAttribute>元素是用于擴(kuò)展文檔的！它們?cè)试S文檔含有沒有在主要XML schema里聲明過的其它新元素。

XSD 元素替代
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

With XML Schemas, one element can substitute another element.
用XML Schema，一個(gè)元素可替代另一元素。

Element Substitution
元素替代（Element Substitution）

Let's say that we have users from two different countries: England and Norway. We would like the ability to let the user choose whether he or she would like to use the Norwegian element names or the English element names in the XML document.
假設(shè)有兩個(gè)分別來自英國和挪威的使用者，我們很希望有能力能讓他或她進(jìn)行選擇，在XML文檔里的元素名稱中選擇他們所擅長(zhǎng)的語言，是英文呢？還是挪威文呢？

To solve this problem, we could define a substitutionGroup in the XML schema. First, we declare a head element and then we declare the other elements which state that they are substitutable for the head element.
為解決這個(gè)問題，我們?cè)赬ML schema里定義了替代組。首先，我們聲明了一個(gè)標(biāo)題元素，接著，我們聲明已說明可替代標(biāo)題元素的其他元素

In the example above, the "name" element is the head element and the "navn" element is substitutable for "name".
在上面的例子里，"name"元素是標(biāo)題元素，"navn"元素可以替代"name"。

Look at this fragment of an XML schema:
看下面的XML schema片段：

A valid XML document (according to the schema above) could look like this:
一份有效 的XML文檔（根據(jù)上述schema的XML文檔）應(yīng)該像這樣：

or like this:
或者像這樣：

Blocking Element Substitution
關(guān)閉元素替代（Element Substitution）

To prevent other elements from substituting with a specified element, use the block attribute:
為了防止其他元素被已指定的元素替代（Element Substitution），可以用block屬性：

Look at this fragment of an XML schema:
看這段XML schema片段：

A valid XML document (according to the schema above) looks like this:
一份有效的XML文檔（根據(jù)上述的schema的XML文檔）應(yīng)該像這樣：

BUT THIS IS NO LONGER VALID:
但是這樣就不再有效了

Using substitutionGroup
使用替代組（substitutionGroup）

The type of the substitutable elements must be the same as, or derived from, the type of the head element. If the type of the substitutable element is the same as the type of the head element you will not have to specify the type of the substitutable element.
可替代元素類型應(yīng)和標(biāo)題元素的類型相同，或是從中派生出來的。如果可替代元素類型和標(biāo)題元素的類型相同，你就不需要再指明可替代元素的類型了

Note that all elements in the substitutionGroup (the head element and the substitutable elements) must be declared as global elements, otherwise it will not work!
注意在可替代元素組里的所有元素（標(biāo)題元素和可替代元素）必須聲明為“全域元素（global element）”，否則它是不會(huì)作用的！

What are Global Elements?
什么是“全域元素”？

Global elements are elements that are immediate children of the "schema" element! Local elements are elements nested within other elements.
“全域元素”是"schema"元素下面的直接子元素。“本地元素”是嵌套在別的元素里的元素。

XSD 實(shí)例
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

This chapter will demonstrate how to write an XML Schema. You will also learn that a schema can be written in different ways.
這章將示范如何寫一份XML Schema.你也會(huì)了解到可以使用不同的方法書寫schema。

An XML Document
一份XML文檔

Let's have a look at this XML document called "shiporder.xml":
讓我們看這份名為"shiporder.xml"的XML文檔

The XML document above consists of a root element, "shiporder", that contains a required attribute called "orderid". The "shiporder" element contains three different child elements: "orderperson", "shipto" and "item". The "item" element appears twice, and it contains a "title", an optional "note" element, a "quantity", and a "price" element.
上述XML文檔有根目錄元素"shiporder"，它有個(gè)必需的屬性叫做"orderid"，"shiporder"元素包含了三個(gè)不同的子元素："orderperson", "shipto" 和 "item"."item"元素出現(xiàn)了兩次，它包含了一個(gè)"title"元素，一個(gè)任意的"note"元素，一個(gè)"quantity"元素和一個(gè)"price"元素。

The line above: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" tells the XML parser that this document should be validated against a schema. The line:
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="shiporder.xsd" specifies WHERE the schema resides (here it is in the same folder as "shiporder.xml").
上面的一行xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"，告訴了XML解析器這個(gè)文檔應(yīng)該被一份schema檢驗(yàn)。xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="shiporder.xsd"指定了schema應(yīng)該所在位置（這里它以"shiporder.xml"文件待在相同的文件夾里）。

Create an XML Schema
創(chuàng)建一篇XML Schema

Now we want to create a schema for the XML document above.
現(xiàn)在我們想要為上面的XML文檔創(chuàng)建一份schema

We start by opening a new file that we will call "shiporder.xsd". To create the schema we could simply follow the structure in the XML document and define each element as we find it. We will start with the standard XML declaration followed by the xs:schema element that defines a schema:
開始先打開叫做"shiporder.xsd"的新文件。為創(chuàng)建新的schema，我們可以簡(jiǎn)單地按照XML文檔的結(jié)構(gòu)，每當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)元素時(shí)就進(jìn)行定義。一開始先作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的XML聲明，接下來是定義了schema的xs:schema元素：

In the schema above we use the standard namespace (xs), and the URI associated with this namespace is the Schema language definition, which has the standard value of http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema.
在上述schema里我們用了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的名稱空間(xs),并且和這個(gè)名稱空間相聯(lián)系的URI是Schema語言定義，它有個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema.

Next, we have to define the "shiporder" element. This element has an attribute and it contains other elements, therefore we consider it as a complex type. The child elements of the "shiporder" element is surrounded by a xs:sequence element that defines an ordered sequence of sub elements:
接下來，我們必須定義"shiporder”元素。這個(gè)元素有個(gè)屬性，并包含著其他的元素，因此我們把它看成是復(fù)合類型。"shiporder"元素的子元素由xs:sequence元素包圍著，xs:sequence元素定義了子元素一定順序的排列。

Then we have to define the "orderperson" element as a simple type (because it does not contain any attributes or other elements). The type (xs:string) is prefixed with the namespace prefix associated with XML Schema that indicates a predefined schema data type:
那么我們必須將"orderperson"元件定義為簡(jiǎn)單類型（因?yàn)樗缓腥魏螌傩曰蚱渌?#xff09;。種類用名稱空間（namespace）的前綴使用與XML Schema相關(guān)的名稱空間前綴化，這里的XML Schema指明了一個(gè)前綴的Schema數(shù)據(jù)類型。

Next, we have to define two elements that are of the complex type: "shipto" and "item". We start by defining the "shipto" element:
接下來，我們必須定義兩個(gè)復(fù)合類型的元素，"shipto" 和 "item"。先由定義"shipto"元素開始：

With schemas we can define the number of possible occurrences for an element with the maxOccurs and minOccurs attributes. maxOccurs specifies the maximum number of occurrences for an element and minOccurs specifies the minimum number of occurrences for an element. The default value for both maxOccurs and minOccurs is 1!
用schema，我們可以用maxOccurs（最多出現(xiàn)次數(shù)）和minOccurs（最少出現(xiàn)次數(shù)）屬性來定義一個(gè)元素的可能出現(xiàn)次數(shù)。maxOccurs指定了一個(gè)元素的最多出現(xiàn)次數(shù)，minOccurs指定了一個(gè)元素的最少出現(xiàn)次數(shù)。maxOccurs
和minOccurs的默認(rèn)值都是1。

Now we can define the "item" element. This element can appear multiple times inside a "shiporder" element. This is specified by setting the maxOccurs attribute of the "item" element to "unbounded" which means that there can be as many occurrences of the "item" element as the author wishes. Notice that the "note" element is optional. We have specified this by setting the minOccurs attribute to zero:
現(xiàn)在我們可以來定義"item"元素，這個(gè)元素可以在"shiporder"元素里重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。這可以通過設(shè)置"item"元素的maxOccurs屬性為"unbounded"實(shí)現(xiàn)，屬性為"unbounded"意味著"item"元素可以根據(jù)編者意愿重復(fù)出現(xiàn)多次。要注意"note"元素是任意的，我們可以通過設(shè)置minOccurs屬性為0來實(shí)現(xiàn)。

We can now declare the attribute of the "shiporder" element. Since this is a required attribute we specify use="required".
我們現(xiàn)在可以聲明"shiporder"元素的屬性了。因?yàn)檫@是項(xiàng)必須屬性，我們可以指定：use="required"。

Note: The attribute declarations must always come last:
注意:屬性聲明必須總是放在最后

Here is the complete listing of the schema file called "shiporder.xsd":
下面是"shiporder.xsd" schema文件的完整例子：

Divide the Schema
劃分Schema

The previous design method is very simple, but can be difficult to read and maintain when documents are complex.
上面的設(shè)計(jì)方法非常簡(jiǎn)單，但因?yàn)槲募菑?fù)合（或復(fù)雜的，Complex）的，所以難于閱讀和利用。

The next design method is based on defining all elements and attributes first, and then referring to them using the ref attribute.
下面的設(shè)計(jì)方法是：先定義所有的元素和屬性，然后用ref屬性引用它們。

Here is the new design of the schema file ("shiporder.xsd"):
下面是schema文件的新設(shè)計(jì)方式("shiporder.xsd"):

Using Named Types
使用有名稱的類型

The third design method defines classes or types, that enables us to reuse element definitions. This is done by naming the simpleTypes and complexTypes elements, and then point to them through the type attribute of the element.
第三種設(shè)計(jì)方法定義了種類或類型，這使我們能重新用元素定義。通過給簡(jiǎn)單類型和復(fù)合類型元素命名，接著在元素的種類屬性類型里指明它們的方法來做到這點(diǎn)。

Here is the third design of the schema file ("shiporder.xsd"):
這是schema文件("shiporder.xsd")的第三份構(gòu)思

The restriction element indicates that the datatype is derived from a W3C XML Schema namespace datatype. So, the following fragment means that the value of the element or attribute must be a string value:
約束元素指出了這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)類型是由一個(gè)W3C XML Schema名稱空間數(shù)據(jù)類型派生出來的。所以，下面的片段意味著元素或?qū)傩缘闹当仨毷且粋€(gè)字符串的值

The restriction element is more often used to apply restrictions to elements. Look at the following lines from the schema above:
約束元素常常用于給元素添加約束。請(qǐng)看上述schema中的幾行：

This indicates that the value of the element or attribute must be a string, it must be exactly six characters in a row, and those characters must be a number from 0 to 9.
這指出了元素或?qū)傩缘闹当仨毷亲址?#xff0c;而且必須是一排6個(gè)從0到9之間的數(shù)字。

XSD 字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

String data types are used for values that contains character strings.
字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型用于定義字符串的值的。

String Data Type
字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型

The string data type can contain characters, line feeds, carriage returns, and tab characters.
字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型包括字符，換行符，回車符，和制表符

The following is an example of a string declaration in a schema:
下面是關(guān)于字符在schema（XML公式）里的聲明方法的例子：

An element in your document might look like this:
你文檔中也許有這樣的元素：

Or it might look like this:
它也許會(huì)是這樣：

Note: The XML processor will not modify the value if you use the string data type.
注意：如果你用字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型，XML處理器將不會(huì)修改數(shù)值。

NormalizedString Data Type
規(guī)格化的字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型（NormalizedString Data Type）

The normalizedString data type is derived from the String data type.
規(guī)格化的字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型是從字符數(shù)據(jù)類型里派生出來的。

The normalizedString data type also contains characters, but the XML processor will remove line feeds, carriage returns, and tab characters.
規(guī)格化的字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型也包括字符，但XML processor會(huì)清除換行符，回車符和制表符

The following is an example of a normalizedString declaration in a schema:
下面的是關(guān)于一個(gè)規(guī)格化的字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型（normalizedString）在Schema中聲明方法的例子：

An element in your document might look like this:
你的文檔中也許有像這樣的元素：

Or it might look like this:
或者它也許會(huì)是這樣：

Note: In the example above the XML processor will replace the tabs with spaces.
注意：上述例子里XML處理器會(huì)用空格符替代制表符

Token Data Type
記號(hào)（token）數(shù)據(jù)類型

The token data type is also derived from the String data type.
記號(hào)數(shù)據(jù)類型也是從字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型里派生出來的

The token data type also contains characters, but the XML processor will remove line feeds, carriage returns, tabs, leading and trailing spaces, and multiple spaces.
記號(hào)數(shù)據(jù)類型也包括字符，但XML處理器會(huì)清除換行符，回車符，制表符，頭尾的空格，以及對(duì)于的空格。

The following is an example of a token declaration in a schema:
下面是關(guān)于符號(hào)（token）在schema中聲明的例子：

An element in your document might look like this:
你文檔中的元素也許像這樣：

Or it might look like this:
或者它也有可能像這樣：

Note: In the example above the XML processor will remove the tabs.
注意：在上述例子里，XML處理器會(huì)清除制表符

String Data Types
字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型

Note that all of the data types below derive from the String data type (except for string itself)!
要注意下面所有的數(shù)據(jù)類型都是從字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型里派生出來的（除了字符串本身）

Restrictions on String Data Types
對(duì)字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型的約束（Restrictions on String Data Types）

Restrictions that can be used with String data types:
可約束的字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型：

• enumeration
  列舉
• length
  長(zhǎng)度
• maxLength
  最大長(zhǎng)度
• minLength
  最小長(zhǎng)度
• pattern (NMTOKENS, IDREFS, and ENTITIES cannot use this constraint)
  式樣（不能約束NMTOKENS, IDREFS,和 ENTITIES）
• whiteSpace
  空白
  
  

  XSD 日期數(shù)據(jù)類型
  w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

  XSD 字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)類型 XSD 小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型

  Date and time data types are used for values that contain date and time.
  日期和時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型（Date and time data types）用于定義日期和時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)的。

  ---

  Date Data Type
  日期數(shù)據(jù)類型

  The date data type is used to specify a date.
  日期數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定一個(gè)具體的日期

  The date is specified in the following form "YYYY-MM-DD" where:
  日期由下面的"YYYY-MM-DD"形式指定。

  • YYYY indicates the year
    ?YYYY指示年份
  • MM indicates the month
    MM指示月份
  • DD indicates the day
    DD 指示日期

  Note: All components are required!
  注意：所有組件都是必需的。

  The following is an example of a date declaration in a schema:
  下面是schema（XML公式）里的聲明日期的例子

  <xs:element name="start" type="xs:date"/>

  An element in your document might look like this:
  你文檔中的某個(gè)元素也許是這樣的：

  <start>2002-09-24</start>

  Time Zones
  時(shí)間區(qū)

  To specify a time zone, you can either enter a date in UTC time by adding a "Z" behind the date - like this:
  為指定一個(gè)時(shí)間區(qū)，你既可以通過在日期的后面加個(gè)"Z"訪問UTC時(shí)間格式的日期，就像這樣：

  <start>2002-09-24Z</start>

  or you can specify an offset from the UTC time by adding a positive or negative time behind the date - like this:
  也可以UTC時(shí)間后加、減一個(gè)時(shí)間值，就像這樣：

  <start>2002-09-24-06:00</start> or <start>2002-09-24+06:00</start>

  
  

  ---

  Time Data Type
  時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型

  The time data type is used to specify a time.
  時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定一個(gè)時(shí)間

  The time is specified in the following form "hh:mm:ss" where:
  時(shí)間由下面的"hh:mm:ss"形式指定：

  • hh indicates the hour
    hh指示小時(shí)
  • mm indicates the minute
    mm 指示分鐘
  • ss indicates the second
    ss指示秒鐘

  Note: All components are required!
  注意：所有的組件都是必需的

  The following is an example of a time declaration in a schema:
  下面是schema（XML公式）里的時(shí)間聲明的例子

  <xs:element name="start" type="xs:time"/>

  An element in your document might look like this:
  你文檔中或許有這樣的元素：

  <start>09:00:00</start>

  Or it might look like this:
  或者是這樣的：

  <start>09:30:10.5</start>

  Time Zones
  時(shí)間區(qū)

  To specify a time zone, you can either enter a time in UTC time by adding a "Z" behind the time - like this:
  為指定一個(gè)時(shí)間區(qū)，你既可以通過在日期的后面加個(gè)"Z"訪問UTC時(shí)間格式的日期，就像這樣：

  <start>09:30:10Z</start>

  or you can specify an offset from the UTC time by adding a positive or negative time behind the time - like this:
  也可以UTC時(shí)間后加、減一個(gè)時(shí)間值，就像這樣：
  
  

  <start>09:30:10-06:00</start> or <start>09:30:10+06:00</start>

  
  

  ---

  DateTime Data Type
  日期時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型（DateTime Data Type）

  The dateTime data type is used to specify a date and a time.
  日期時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定一個(gè)日期和一個(gè)時(shí)間

  The dateTime is specified in the following form "YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss" where:
  日期時(shí)間由"YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss"的形式指定：

  • YYYY indicates the year
    YYYY指示時(shí)間
  • MM indicates the month
    MM指示月份
  • DD indicates the day
    DD 指示時(shí)間
  • T indicates the start of the required time section
    T指示時(shí)間區(qū)的開頭
  • hh indicates the hour
    hh指示小時(shí)
  • mm indicates the minute
    mm指示分鐘
  • ss indicates the second
    ss指示秒鐘

  Note: All components are required!
  注意：所有組件都是必需的

  The following is an example of a dateTime declaration in a schema:
  下面是schema（XML公式）里的日期時(shí)間聲明的例子

  <xs:element name="startdate" type="xs:dateTime"/>

  An element in your document might look like this:
  你文檔中或許有這樣的元素：

  <startdate>2002-05-30T09:00:00</startdate>

  Or it might look like this:
  或者是這樣的：

  <startdate>2002-05-30T09:30:10.5</startdate>

  Time Zones
  時(shí)間區(qū)

  To specify a time zone, you can either enter a dateTime in UTC time by adding a "Z" behind the time - like this:
  為指定一個(gè)時(shí)間區(qū)，你既可以通過在日期的后面加個(gè)"Z"訪問UTC時(shí)間格式的日期，就像這樣：

  <startdate>2002-05-30T09:30:10Z</startdate>

  or you can specify an offset from the UTC time by adding a positive or negative time behind the time - like this:
  也可以UTC時(shí)間后加、減一個(gè)時(shí)間值，就像這樣：

  <startdate>2002-05-30T09:30:10-06:00</startdate> or <startdate>2002-05-30T09:30:10+06:00</startdate>

  
  

  ---

  Duration Data Type
  持續(xù)時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型（或“時(shí)間段數(shù)據(jù)類型”）（Duration Data Type）

  The duration data type is used to specify a time interval.
  持續(xù)時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型（或“時(shí)間段數(shù)據(jù)類型”）用于定義一段時(shí)間間隔

  The time interval is specified in the following form "PnYnMnDTnHnMnS" where:
  時(shí)間間隔由"PnYnMnDTnHnMnS"形式定義的

  • P indicates the period (required)
    P指示
  • nY indicates the number of years
    nY指示年數(shù)
  • nM indicates the number of months
    nM指示月數(shù)
  • nD indicates the number of days
    nD指示天數(shù)
  • T indicates the start of a time section (required if you are going to specify hours, minutes, or seconds)
    T指示時(shí)間部分的開頭（如果你要指定時(shí)間，分鐘，或秒數(shù)，就必須用到T）
  • nH indicates the number of hours
    nH指示小時(shí)數(shù)
  • nM indicates the number of minutes
    nM指示分鐘數(shù)
  • nS indicates the number of seconds
    nS指示秒數(shù)

  The following is an example of a duration declaration in a schema:
  下面是schema（XML公式）里的時(shí)間段聲明的例子

  <xs:element name="period" type="xs:duration"/>

  An element in your document might look like this:
  你文檔中或許有這樣的元素：

  <period>P5Y</period>

  The example above indicates a period of five years.
  上面的例子指示了5年的時(shí)間段

  Or it might look like this:
  或者也可以像這樣：

  <period>P5Y2M10D</period>

  The example above indicates a period of five years, two months, and 10 days.
  上面的例子指出了5年2個(gè)月零10天的時(shí)間段

  Or it might look like this:
  它也可以這樣：

  <period>P5Y2M10DT15H</period>

  The example above indicates a period of five years, two months, 10 days, and 15 hours.
  上面的例子指出了5年2個(gè)月零10天的時(shí)間段

  Or it might look like this:
  或者它會(huì)是可以這樣：

  <period>PT15H</period>

  The example above indicates a period of 15 hours.
  上面的例子指出了15小時(shí)的時(shí)間段

  Negative Duration
  負(fù)時(shí)間段

  To specify a negative duration, enter a minus sign before the P:
  為定義負(fù)的時(shí)間段，在P之前添個(gè)負(fù)號(hào)

  <period>-P10D</period>

  The example above indicates a period of minus 10 days.
  上面的例子指出里負(fù)10天的時(shí)間段

  ---

  Date and Time Data Types
  日期和時(shí)間數(shù)據(jù)類型

  Name
  名稱Description
  解釋

  date	Defines a date value 定義日期的值
  dateTime	Defines a date and time value 定義了日期和時(shí)間值
  duration	Defines a time interval 定義了時(shí)間間隔
  gDay	Defines a part of a date - the day (DD) 定義了日期的部分定義了時(shí)間的一部分——日部分(DD)
  gMonth	Defines a part of a date - the month (MM) 定義了日期的一部分——月部分(MM)
  gMonthDay	Defines a part of a date - the month and day (MM-DD) 定義了日期的一部分——月和日部分(MM-DD)
  gYear	Defines a part of a date - the year (YYYY) 定義了日期的年部分(YYYY)
  gYearMonth	Defines a part of a date - the year and month (YYYY-MM) 定義了日期的一部分——年和月部分(YYYY-MM)
  time	Defines a time value 定義時(shí)間值

  
  

  ---

  Restrictions on Date Data Types
  對(duì)日期數(shù)據(jù)類型的約束

  Restrictions that can be used with Date data types:
  對(duì)日期數(shù)據(jù)類型可進(jìn)行約束

  • enumeration
    列舉
  • maxExclusive
    除去最大值
  • maxInclusive
    包括最大值
  • minExclusive
    除去最小值排外
  • minInclusive
    包括最小值
  • pattern
    式樣
  • whiteSpace
    空白
    

XSD 小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

Decimal data types are used for numeric values.
小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型用于定義數(shù)值

Decimal Data Type
小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型

The decimal data type is used to specify a numeric value.
小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定一個(gè)數(shù)值

The following is an example of a decimal declaration in a schema:
下面是在schema（XML公式）里關(guān)于小數(shù)聲明的例子

An element in your document might look like this:
你文檔中的一個(gè)元素也許會(huì)像這樣：

Or it might look like this:
或者會(huì)像這樣：

Or it might look like this:
又或者像這樣：

Or it might look like this:
也可能這樣：

Or it might look like this:
當(dāng)然，也會(huì)是這樣：

Note: The maximum number of decimal digits you can specify is 18.
注意：可以指定的小數(shù)位數(shù)最多是18位。

Integer Data Type
整數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型

The integer data type is used to specify a numeric value without a fractional component.
整數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定沒有小數(shù)部分的數(shù)值。

The following is an example of an integer declaration in a schema:
下面是的關(guān)于整數(shù)在schema里的聲明方法的例子。

An element in your document might look like this:
你文檔中也許有這樣的元素：

Or it might look like this:
或許是這樣：

Or it might look like this:
也可能是這樣：

Or it might look like this:
當(dāng)然也會(huì)是這樣：

Numeric Data Types
數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)類型

Note that all of the data types below derive from the Decimal data type (except for decimal itself)!
要注意的是下面所有的數(shù)據(jù)類型都是從小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型里派生出來的（除了小數(shù)自身）

Restrictions on Numeric Data Types
對(duì)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)類型的約束

Restrictions that can be used with Numeric data types:
可用于約束的數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)類型：

• enumeration
  列舉
• fractionDigits
  小數(shù)位數(shù)
• maxExclusive
  ?除去最大值
• maxInclusive
  包括最大值
• minExclusive
  除去最小值
• minInclusive
  包括最小值
• pattern
  式樣類型
• totalDigits
  總的數(shù)字位數(shù)
• whiteSpace
  空白部分
  
  

  XSD 邏輯值數(shù)據(jù)類型
  w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

  XSD 小數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)類型 XML Schema總結(jié)

  Other miscellaneous data types are boolean, base64Binary, hexBinary, float, double, anyURI, QName, and NOTATION.
  其他混合的數(shù)據(jù)類型包括邏輯值（boolean），基本的64個(gè)二進(jìn)制數(shù)、十六進(jìn)位數(shù)、浮點(diǎn)精度小數(shù)、雙精度型數(shù)、anyURI、限定名稱（QName）和符號(hào)。

  ---

  Boolean Data Type
  邏輯值數(shù)據(jù)類型

  The boolean data type is used to specify a true or false value.
  邏輯型數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定值為真或假。

  The following is an example of a boolean declaration in a schema:
  以下是在schema（XML公式）里有關(guān)邏輯聲明的例子

  <xs:attribute name="disabled" type="xs:boolean"/>

  An element in your document might look like this:
  你文檔里或許有這樣的元素：

  <prize disabled="true">999</prize>

  Note: Legal values for boolean are true, false, 1 (which indicates true), and 0 (which indicates false).
  注意：合法的邏輯值是真，假，1（指示真），0（指示假）

  ---

  Binary Data Types
  二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)類型

  Binary data types are used to express binary-formatted data.
  二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)用于表示二進(jìn)制的數(shù)據(jù)

  We have two binary data types:
  我們有兩種二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)類型：

  • base64Binary (Base64-encoded binary data)
    基礎(chǔ)64二進(jìn)制（64碼基礎(chǔ)的二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)Base64-encoded binary data）
  • hexBinary (hexadecimal-encoded binary data)
    16進(jìn)制（16進(jìn)位編碼的二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)hexadecimal-encoded binary data）

  The following is an example of a hexBinary declaration in a schema:
  以下是關(guān)于十六進(jìn)位數(shù)在schema里的聲明方法：

  <xs:element name="blobsrc" type="xs:hexBinary"/>

  
  

  ---

  AnyURI Data Type
  anyURI數(shù)據(jù)類型

  The anyURI data type is used to specify a URI.
  anyURI數(shù)據(jù)類型用于指定一個(gè)URI.

  The following is an example of an anyURI declaration in a schema:
  以下是關(guān)于anyURI在schema里的聲明方法：

  <xs:attribute name="src" type="xs:anyURI"/>

  An element in your document might look like this:
  你文檔里也許有這個(gè)元素：

  <pic src="http://www.w3schools.com/images/smiley.gif" />

  Note: If a URI has spaces, replace them with %20.
  注意：如果URI包含空格，可以用“%20”替代它們。

  ---

  Miscellaneous Data Types
  混合數(shù)據(jù)類型

  Name
  名稱Description
  描述

  anyURI	?
  base64Binary	?
  boolean	?
  double	?
  float	?
  hexBinary	?
  NOTATION	?
  QName	?

  
  

  ---

  Restrictions on Miscellaneous Data Types
  對(duì)混合數(shù)據(jù)類型的約束

  Restrictions that can be used with the other data types:
  可用于約束的其他數(shù)據(jù)類型：

  • enumeration (a Boolean data type cannot use this constraint)
    列舉（不能用此約束邏輯值數(shù)據(jù)類型）
  • length (a Boolean data type cannot use this constraint)
    長(zhǎng)度（不能用此約束邏輯值數(shù)據(jù)類型）
  • maxLength (a Boolean data type cannot use this constraint)
    最大長(zhǎng)度（不能用此約束邏輯值數(shù)據(jù)類型）
  • minLength (a Boolean data type cannot use this constraint)
    最短長(zhǎng)度（不能用此約束邏輯值數(shù)據(jù)類型）
  • pattern
    式樣
  • whiteSpace
    空白

XML Schema總結(jié)
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

XML Schema Summary
XML Schema總結(jié)

This tutorial has taught you how to describe the structure of an XML document.
這篇教程教你如何描述XML文檔的結(jié)構(gòu)

You have learned how to use an XML Schema is to define the legal elements of an XML document, just like a DTD. We think that very soon XML Schemas will be used in most Web applications as a replacement for DTDs.
你已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了怎樣使用XML Schema（XML 公式），就是象DTD一樣給XML文檔定義合法元素。我們認(rèn)為很快XML Schema（XML 公式）就會(huì)取代DTD而被大多數(shù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序所使用。

You have also learned that the XML Schema language is very rich. Unlike DTDs, it supports data types and namespaces.
你已經(jīng)知道了 XML公式語言是很豐富的。和DTD不同，它支持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)類型和名稱空間。

For more information on XML Schema, please look at our XML Schema reference.
想更多地了解XML Schema 的信息，請(qǐng)看我們的XML Schema 參考。

Now You Know XML Schema, What's Next?
現(xiàn)在你知道了XML Schema，那接著學(xué)什么呢？

The next step is to learn about WSDL.
下步是學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)WSDL.

WSDL is a schema-based language for describing Web services and how to access them.
WSDL 是描述網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)以及描述怎樣訪問它們的一種以schema為基礎(chǔ)的語言

WSDL describes a web service, along with the message format and protocol details for the web service.
WSDL描述網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)，以及與網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)有關(guān)的信息格式和協(xié)議細(xì)節(jié)。

If you want to learn more about WSDL, please visit our WSDL tutorial.
想學(xué)習(xí)更多與WSDL有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)瀏覽我們的WSDL 教程.

XML Schema 參考
w3pop.com / 2006-09-21

XSD Elements
XSD元素

XSD Restrictions/Facets for Datatypes
XSD對(duì)各種數(shù)據(jù)類型的約束

Look at XSD Restrictions!
下面看一看關(guān)于XSD的約束

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