中國現在被廣泛認為是第二大人工智能經濟體，就人工智能公司的數量和人才庫而言，僅次于美國。

China is now widely regarded as the second largest AI economy, behind the United States in terms of the number of AI companies and talent pool.

AI Covered Areas

集成智能系統：無人駕駛車輛、無人機、智能家居產品。

Integrated intelligent systems: driverless vehicles, drones, smart home products.

軟件和硬件的智能整合：傳感器、神經網絡芯片、開源平臺等。

Intelligent integration of software and hardware: sensors, neural network chips, open source platforms, etc.

智能制造和產業支持資源池、標準測試和知識產權服務平臺、智能網絡基礎設施、網絡安全等工業公共支持系統，改善人工智能發展環境。

中國人工智能生態系統的弱點：

積極的人工智能投資和資金似乎并沒有分布在醫療保健等緊迫的行業。醫療保健是一個脆弱的職位。由于中國人口老齡化問題，政府必須在醫療保健方面投入更多資金。否則，政府將來會遇到更多的問題。

Aggressive AI investments and funding don’t seem to be distributed across pressing sectors like healthcare. Healthcare is a vulnerable position. Due to the aging Chinese population, the government must invest more in health care. Otherwise, the government will encounter more problems in the future.

人才缺失，寬松的數據隱私法規，這些寬松的法規似乎只在國內執行。中國在外國競爭方面更具侵略性。

Lack of talent, lax data privacy regulations, these lax regulations seem to be enforced only domestically. China is more aggressive in terms of foreign competition.

AI可以代替我們寫程序嗎？

人工智能是現在很火的技術，Alpha Go 在圍棋上戰勝了人類，無人駕駛也有了突破。另外，人工智能在軟件工程領域，也有了一些應用和嘗試，比如說微軟開源了一個人工智能的項目叫Sketch2Code，可以把 UI 設計草圖轉成 HTML 代碼，也就是一部分開發工作未來也許可以被人工智能替代了。

Artificial intelligence is a very hot technology now, Alpha Go has defeated humans in Go, and unmanned driving has also made a breakthrough. In addition, artificial intelligence in the field of software engineering, there are also some applications and attempts, such as Microsoft open source an artificial intelligence project called Sketch2Code, which can convert UI design sketches into HTML code, that is, part of the development work may be replaced by artificial intelligence in the future.

AI中有一個很重要的技術，叫云計算。(cloud computing)

There is a very important technology in AI, called cloud computing.

如果你從軟件工程的角度去看云計算，它本質上是在將那些與業務無關的，而又很重要的基礎設施、技術，作為一種標準服務提供，讓你在軟件開發時，只需要專注于業務所獨有的部分，從而可以極大地減少開發工作，提升開發效率。界面越來越復雜，而后端服務越來越強大，借助一些云服務，就能實現服務端 API 供前端調用，既簡化了開發的難度同時又實現軟件工程的標準化、模塊化。云計算這樣的基礎服務，可以降低開發成本，讓軟件開發者可以專注于業務開發。

If you look at cloud computing from the perspective of software engineering, it is essentially providing those infrastructure and technologies that are not related to the business but are very important as a standard service, so that you only need to focus on the unique parts of the business when developing software, which can greatly reduce development work and improve development efficiency. The interface is becoming more and more complex, and the back-end services are becoming more and more powerful, with the help of some cloud services, the server-side API can be realized for front-end call, which not only simplifies the difficulty of development but also realizes the standardization and modularization of software engineering. Basic services such as cloud computing can reduce development costs and allow software developers to focus on business development.

未來構建軟件系統，就好比現在的，建筑工程中各種建筑材料，工人需要用混凝土把建筑材料粘合在一起，軟件開發中用的標準的模塊，程序員需要寫代碼將這些模塊組合在一起就可以完成復雜的結構。這種標準化的結構可以極大地降低建造成本。未來軟件工程也能像建筑工程一樣，用一些標準的模塊和組件，也可以構建出復雜的軟件。就能像蓋房子一樣，通過標準化降低開發成本和難度。

In the future, to build software systems, just like now, various building materials in construction projects, workers need to use concrete to bond building materials together, standard modules used in software development, programmers need to write code to combine these modules to complete complex structures. This standardized structure can greatly reduce construction costs. In the future, software engineering can also use some standard modules and components to build complex software like architectural engineering. It can be like building a house, and reduce the cost and difficulty of development through standardization.

此外，人工智能和自動化技術的發展，也逐步替代了原有的像手工測試、手工運維的工作。雖然在測試領域，雖然還沒有見到有成功的用人工智能替代人工測試的案例，但是自動化測試替代了大量手工測試是一個可見的趨勢。現階段，這些應用只是一個開始，未來會有更多云服務、人工智能在軟件工程領域的應用，會對軟件開發的分工協作產生更多影響。

In addition, the development of artificial intelligence and automation technology has gradually replaced the original work such as manual testing and manual operation and maintenance. Although in the field of testing, although there have been no successful cases of replacing manual testing with artificial intelligence, it is a visible trend that automated testing has replaced a large number of manual tests. At this stage, these applications are just the beginning, and there will be more cloud services and artificial intelligence applications in the field of software engineering in the future, which will have more impact on the division of labor and cooperation in software development.

但云服務、人工智能再強大，也難以替代那些創造性的勞動，也就是那些你業務和項目所獨有的東西，比如說你對業務的抽象和設計，測試用例的設計，對整個項目過程的組織，例如業務的設計和抽象，測試用例的設計和項目過程的組織，是不太可能會被替代的。

But no matter how powerful cloud services and artificial intelligence are, it is difficult to replace those creative labor, that is, those things that are unique to your business and project, such as your abstraction and design of the business, the design of test cases, the organization of the entire project process, such as business design and abstraction, the design of test cases and the organization of the project process, are unlikely to be replaced.

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