怎么感覺oracle和sql server是一個貨色。裝個服務得裝半天，還是mysql好，一下子就好了！下面有一個在centos7上面安裝oracle11g的詳細步驟，感覺找不到比這個更詳細的了吧！

centos7安裝詳細步?? ：https://www.cnblogs.com/VoiceOfDreams/p/8308601.html

navicat連接oracle

安裝數據庫之后在使用客戶端連接數據庫的時候總是報如下錯誤：

ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect

然后百度+谷歌，解決辦法說是修改listener.ora文件，在文件中添加如下內容：【下面文件中標紅的表示添加的內容】

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/ [oracle@oracle admin]$ cat listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.LISTENER =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.9.8.201)(PORT = 1521))) (SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)(ORACLE_HOME = /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)(SID_NAME = orcl)))ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/oracle

添加完之后重新啟動監(jiān)聽器，連接的時候報如下錯誤：

ERROR: ORA-12504: TNS:listener was not given the SERVICE_NAME in CONNECT_DATA

又去百度+谷歌，大部分答案都是說tnsnames.ora中service_name寫成了server_name等，可是tnsnames.ora這個文件是oracle服務器自己生成的啊。

這時候查看監(jiān)聽器狀態(tài)會有如下提示：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAY-2019 21:35:17Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 14-MAY-2019 19:16:38 Uptime 0 days 2 hr. 18 min. 39 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.9.8.201)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services #這里提示沒有服務 The command completed successfully

最后的解決辦法，重啟監(jiān)聽器，重啟服務器。

[oracle@oracle admin]$ sqlplus /nologSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue May 14 21:57:46 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.SQL> connect sys / as sysdba Enter password: Connected. SQL> shutdown immediate #關閉oracle服務器 Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup #啟動oracle服務器 ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 759943168 bytes Fixed Size 2217224 bytes Variable Size 507513592 bytes Database Buffers 247463936 bytes Redo Buffers 2748416 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL>

查看監(jiān)聽器狀態(tài)：

[oracle@oracle admin]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-MAY-2019 22:18:47Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 14-MAY-2019 19:16:38 Uptime 0 days 3 hr. 2 min. 8 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /data/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=10.9.8.201)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully

使用客戶端連接oracle數據庫：

[oracle@oracle admin]$ sqlplus scott/tiger@10.9.8.201/orclSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue May 14 22:19:21 2019Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL>

客戶端連接成功：

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更改oracle監(jiān)聽端口

oracle安裝之后監(jiān)聽的本地的127.0.0.1這個ip，但是在window系統連接很顯然不行的，更改上面提到的哪兩個文件中的localhost為服務器的ip即可，然后重啟監(jiān)聽器。

[oracle@oracle admin]$ cat listener.ora # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.LISTENER =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.9.8.201)(PORT = 1521)))(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)(ORACLE_HOME = /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)(SID_NAME = orcl)))ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /data/oracle[oracle@oracle admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /data/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.LISTENER_ORCL =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.9.8.201)(PORT = 1521))ORCL =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.9.8.201)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)))

?oracle的sys用戶遠程登錄

SQL> show parameter passNAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ remote_login_passwordfile string EXCLUSIVE SQL>


remote_login_passwordfile有3個取值，取值如下：

none：不允許sysdba用戶組成員遠程登錄訪問數據庫

exclusive: 只允許口令文件用于本數據庫，允許sysdba用戶組成員遠程登錄訪問數據庫

shared： 允許其他數據庫使用該口令文件，允許sysdba用戶組成員遠程登錄訪問數據庫。

這個值設置若是none，則需要通過以下語句設置為exclusive.

SQL> alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive scope=spfile; System altered.

然后需要重新啟動數據庫。

以上完成之后，設置sys用戶的密碼：

SQL> alter user sys identified by 123456;User altered.

在navicat中填入對應的連接字段，點擊測試，報如下錯誤：

這時候點擊，高級選項，把角色選為sysdba,連接即可！

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wxzhe/p/10861986.html

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