oracle数据库延迟执行,如何诊断oracle数据库运行缓慢或hang住的问题
為了診斷oracle運行緩慢的問題首先要決定收集哪些診斷信息,可以采取下面的診斷方法:
1.數(shù)據(jù)庫運行緩慢這個問題是常見還是在特定時間出現(xiàn)
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫運行緩慢是一個常見的問題那么可以在問題出現(xiàn)的時候收集這個時期的awr或者statspack報告(通常收集時間間隔是一個小時).生成awr報告的方法如下:
awr是通過sys用戶來收集持久系統(tǒng)性能統(tǒng)計信息并且這些信息保存在sysaux表空間.缺省情況下快照是一個小時生成一次并且保留7天.awr報告輸出了基于指定快照之間的一系列的統(tǒng)計信息用于性能分析和調(diào)查其它問題.
運行基本的報告
可以執(zhí)行下面的腳本來生成一個awr報告:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql
可以根據(jù)自己收集awr報告的原因來決定生成一個快照的時間間隔也可以指定生成awr報告的格式(text或html).
生成各種類型的awr報告
可以根據(jù)各種要求來運行各種sql腳本來生成各種類型的awr報告.每一種報告都有兩種格式(txt或html):
awrrpt.sql
顯示指定快照范圍內(nèi)的各種統(tǒng)計信息
awrrpti.sql
顯示一個特定數(shù)據(jù)庫和實例中指定快照范圍內(nèi)的各種統(tǒng)計信息
awrsqrpt.sql
顯示一個指定快照范圍內(nèi)的一個特定的sql語句的統(tǒng)計信息.運行這個報告是為了檢查或調(diào)查一個特定sql語句的性能
awrsqrpi.sql
顯示一個特定sql在指定快照范圍內(nèi)的的統(tǒng)計信息.
awrddrpt.sql
比較在兩個選擇的時間間隔期間內(nèi)詳細的性能數(shù)據(jù)和配置情況
awrddrpi.sql
在一個特定的數(shù)據(jù)庫和平共處實例中比較在兩個選擇的時間間隔期間內(nèi)詳細的性能數(shù)和配置情況
各種awr相關的操作
怎樣修改awr快照的設置:
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.modify_snapshot_settings(
retention => 43200, -- Minutes (43200 = 30 Days).
-- Current value retained if NULL.
interval => 30); -- Minutes. Current value retained if NULL.
END;
/
創(chuàng)建一個awr基線:
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.create_baseline (
start_snap_id => 10,
end_snap_id => 100,
baseline_name => 'AWR First baseline');
END;
/
在oracle11G中引入了一個新的dbms_workload_repository.create_baseline_template過程來創(chuàng)建一個awr基線模板
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_BASELINE_TEMPLATE (
start_time => to_date('&start_date_time','&start_date_time_format'),
end_time => to_date('&end_date_time','&end_date_time_format'),
baseline_name => 'MORNING',
template_name => 'MORNING',
expiration => NULL ) ;
END;
/
"expiration=>NULL"這意味著這個基線將永遠保持有效.
刪除一個awr基線
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.DROP_BASELINE (
baseline_name => 'AWR First baseline');
END;
/
也能從一個老的數(shù)據(jù)庫中刪除一個awr基線:
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.DROP_BASELINE (baseline_name => 'peak baseline',
cascade => FALSE, dbid => 3310949047);
END;
/
刪除awr快照:
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.drop_snapshot_range(
(low_snap_id=>40,
High_snap_id=>80);
END;
/
也可能基于報告時間期間對創(chuàng)建和刪除的awr基線指定一個模板:
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_BASELINE_TEMPLATE (
day_of_week => 'MONDAY',
hour_in_day => 9,
duration => 3,
start_time => to_date('&start_date_time','&start_date_time_format'),
end_time => to_date('&end_date_time','&end_date_time_format'),
baseline_name_prefix => 'MONDAY_MORNING'
template_name => 'MONDAY_MORNING',
expiration => 30 );
END;
/
將會在'&start_date_time'到'&end_date_time'期間的每一個星期一都會生成基線
手動生成的一個awr快照:
BEGIN
DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.create_snapshot();
END;
/
工作負載資料檔案庫視圖:
V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY - 顯示歷史活動會話信息每秒抽樣一樣
V$METRIC - 顯示度量標準信息
V$METRICNAME - 顯示與每個度量標準組相關的度量標準
V$METRIC_HISTORY - 顯示歷史度量標準
V$METRICGROUP - 顯示所有的度量標準組
DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY - 顯示歷史活動會話的詳細信息
DBA_HIST_BASELINE - 顯示基線信息
DBA_HIST_DATABASE_INSTANCE - 顯示數(shù)據(jù)庫環(huán)境信息
DBA_HIST_SNAPSHOT - 顯示快照信息
DBA_HIST_SQL_PLAN - 顯示sql執(zhí)行計劃
DBA_HIST_WR_CONTROL - 顯示awr設置情況
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫運行緩慢在特定時間出現(xiàn)那么可以當問題存在時生成一個awr或statspack報告,報告的時間間隔包含了問題出現(xiàn)的時間.另外為了比較可以收集沒有出現(xiàn)問題而時間間隔相同的數(shù)據(jù)庫正常運行的報告這樣可以對報告進行比較.
2.數(shù)據(jù)庫緩慢它影響的是一個會話,幾個會話還是所有會話
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫緩慢它影響的是一個會話或幾個會話可以對這個會話或幾個會話進行10046跟蹤
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫緩慢它影響的是所有會話可以收集awr或statspack報告
執(zhí)行10046跟蹤的方法如下:
收集10046跟蹤文件
10046事件是一種標準的方法用來對oracle會話收集擴展的sql_trace信息
對于查詢性能問題來說通常要求記錄查詢的等待和綁定變量信息.這可以使用級別為12的10046跟蹤來完成.下面的例子說明了在各種情況下設置10046事件.
跟蹤文件的位置
在oracle11g及以上版本中引入了新的診斷架構(gòu),跟蹤和核心文件存儲的位置由diagnostic_dest初始化參數(shù)來控制.可以使用下面的命令來顯示:
sys@JINGYONG> show parameter diagnostic_dest
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
diagnostic_dest string /u01/app/oracle
注意:在有些例子中可能設置了'tracefile_identifier'來幫助找到輸出的跟蹤文件
會話跟蹤
可以在用戶會話執(zhí)行sql語句之前對會話啟用跟蹤,在會話級別收集10046跟蹤
sys@JINGYONG> alter session set timed_statistics=true;
會話已更改。
sys@JINGYONG> alter session set statistics_level=all;
會話已更改。
sys@JINGYONG> alter session set max_dump_file_size=unlimited;
會話已更改。
sys@JINGYONG> alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever,level 1
2';
會話已更改。
sys@JINGYONG> select * from dual;
D
-
X
sys@JINGYONG>exit
如果會話沒有退出可以執(zhí)行以下語句來禁用10046跟蹤
sys@JINGYONG> alter session set events '10046 trace name context off';
會話已更改。
sys@JINGYONG> select * from v$diag_info ;
INST_ID NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
1 Diag Enabled
TRUE
1 ADR Base
/u01/app/oracle
1 ADR Home
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong
1 Diag Trace
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace
1 Diag Alert
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/alert
1 Diag Incident
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/incident
1 Diag Cdump
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/cdump
1 Health Monitor
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/hm
1 Default Trace File
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_2572_10046.trc
1 Active Problem Count
0
1 Active Incident Count
0
已選擇11行。
sys@JINGYONG> select * from v$diag_info where name='Default Trace File';
INST_ID NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
1 Default Trace File
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_2572_10046.trc
注意:如果會話不是徹底的關閉和禁用跟蹤那么重要的跟蹤信息可能會從跟蹤文件中丟失.
注意:這里statistics_level=all因此它會在這種情況下收集一定程度的統(tǒng)計信息.這個參數(shù)有三個參數(shù)值.all,typical,basic.為了診斷性能問題會要求獲得一定程度的統(tǒng)計信息.設置為all可能是不必要的但可以使用typical以此來獲得全面的診斷信息.
跟蹤一個已經(jīng)啟動的進程
如果要跟蹤一個已經(jīng)存在的會話可以使用oradebug來連接到會話初始化10046跟蹤
1.通過某種方法來確定要被跟蹤的會話
例如在sql*plus中啟動一個會話然后找到這個會話的操作系統(tǒng)進行id(spid):
select p.PID,p.SPID,s.SID
from v$process p,v$session s
where s.paddr = p.addr
and s.sid = &SESSION_ID
/
SPID是操作系統(tǒng)進程標識符
PID是oracle進程標識符
如果你不知道要不得被跟蹤會話的sid可以使用類似于下面的查詢來幫助你識別這個會話:
column line format a79
set heading off
select 'ospid: ' || p.spid ||' pid: '||p.pid || ' # ''' ||s.sid||','||s.serial#||''' '||
s.osuser || ' ' ||s.machine ||' '||s.username ||' '||s.program line
from v$session s , v$process p
where p.addr = s.paddr
and s.username <> ' ';
執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:
sys@JINGYONG> column line format a79
sys@JINGYONG> set heading off
sys@JINGYONG> select 'ospid: ' || p.spid || ' # ''' ||s.sid||','||s.serial#||'''
'||
2 s.osuser || ' ' ||s.machine ||' '||s.username ||' '||s.program line
3 from v$session s , v$process p
4 where p.addr = s.paddr
5 and s.username <> ' ';
ospid: 2529 # '30,32' Administrator WORKGROUP\JINGYONG SYS sqlplus.exe
注意:在oracle12c中對于多線程進程,在v$process視圖中加入了新的列stid來找到特定的線程.因為oracle會組合多個進程到一個單獨的ospid中.為了找到這個特定的線程使用下面的語法:
oradebug setospid
2.當確定進程的操作系統(tǒng)進程ID后然后可以使用下面的語句來初始化跟蹤:
假設要被跟蹤進程的操作系統(tǒng)進程ID是2529
SQL>connect / as sysdba
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug setospid 2529
Oracle pid: 21, Unix process pid: 2529, image: oracle@jingyong
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug unlimit
已處理的語句
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 12
已處理的語句
sys@JINGYONG> select * from dual;
X
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug event 10046 trace name context off
已處理的語句
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_2529.trc
注意:連接到一個會話也可以使用oradebug setorapid
在這種情況下PID(oracle進程標識符)將被使用(而不是使用SPID):
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug setorapid 21
Oracle pid: 21, Unix process pid: 2529, image: oracle@jingyong
從顯示的信息可知道使用oradebug setorapid 21與oradebug set0spid 2529是一樣的
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug unlimit
已處理的語句
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 12
已處理的語句
sys@JINGYONG> select sysdate from dual;
11-11月-13
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug event 10046 trace name context off
已處理的語句
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_2529.trc
注意:在oracle12c中對于多線程進程,在v$process視圖中加入了新的列stid來找到特定的線程.因為oracle會組合多個進程到一個單獨的ospid中.為了找到這個特定的線程使用下面的語法:
oradebug setospid
跟蹤產(chǎn)生的跟蹤文件名稱類似于_.trc
實例級別的跟蹤
注意:在實例級別啟用跟蹤因為每一個會話都會被跟蹤這樣對性能是有影響的
在設置這個跟蹤參數(shù)后產(chǎn)生的每一個會話都會被跟蹤斷開的會話將不會被跟蹤
設置系統(tǒng)級別的10046跟蹤是用于當出現(xiàn)了一個問題會話但不能提前識別這個會話的情況下.在這種情況下跟蹤可以被短時間地啟用,這個問題可能會記錄到跟蹤文件中然后禁用跟蹤在生成的跟蹤文件中找到這個問題的原因
啟用系統(tǒng)級別的10046跟蹤:
alter system set events '10046 trace name context forever,level 12';
對所有會話禁有系統(tǒng)級別的10046跟蹤:
alter system set events '10046 trace name context off';
初始化參數(shù)的設置:
當實例重新啟動后對每一個會話啟用10046跟蹤.
event="10046 trace name context forever,level 12"
要禁用實例級別的10046跟蹤可以刪除這個初始化參數(shù)然后重啟實例或者使用alter system語句
alter system set events '10046 trace name context off';
編寫登錄觸發(fā)器
在有些情況下可能要跟蹤特定用戶的會話活動在這種情況下可以編寫一個登錄觸發(fā)器來實現(xiàn)例如:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER SYS.set_trace
AFTER LOGON ON DATABASE
WHEN (USER like '&USERNAME')
DECLARE
lcommand varchar(200);
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter session set tracefile_identifier=''From_Trigger''';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter session set statistics_level=ALL';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter session set max_dump_file_size=UNLIMITED';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter session set events ''10046 trace name context forever, level 12''';
END set_trace;
/
注意:為了能跟蹤會話用戶執(zhí)行觸發(fā)器需要顯式的被授予'alter session'權(quán)限:
grant alter session to username;
使用SQLT來收集跟蹤信息
什么是SQLTXPLAIN(SQLT)
SQLTXPLAIN也叫作SQLT,它是由專業(yè)的oracle服務技術中心提供了一個工具.SQLT輸入一個SQL語句后它會輸出一組診斷文件.這些診斷文件會被用來診斷性能低下的sql語句.SQLT連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫并收集執(zhí)行,基于成本優(yōu)化的統(tǒng)計信息,方案對象元數(shù)據(jù),性能統(tǒng)計,配置參數(shù)和類似影響SQL性能的元素.
使用SQLTXPLAIN的Xecute選項可以生成10046跟蹤作為SQLT輸出的一部分.
使用dbms_monitor包來進行跟蹤
dbms_monitor是一個新的跟蹤包.跟蹤基于特定的客戶端標識符或者服務名,模塊名和操作名的組合形式來啟用診斷和工作負載管理.在有些情況下可能會生成多個跟蹤文件(例如對于一個模塊啟用服務級別的跟蹤)使用新的trcsess工具來掃描所有的跟蹤文件并將它們合成一個跟蹤文件.在合并這一組跟蹤文件后可以使用標準跟蹤文件分析方法進行分析
查看啟用的跟蹤
可以查詢dba_enabled_traces來檢測什么跟蹤被啟用了.
例如:
sys@JINGYONG>select trace_type, primary_id, QUALIFIER_ID1, waits, binds
from DBA_ENABLED_TRACES;
TRACE_TYPE PRIMARY_ID QUALIFIER_ID1 WAITS BINDS
---------------------- --------------- ------------------ -------- -------
SERVICE_MODULE SYS$USERS SQL*Plus TRUE FALSE
CLIENT_ID HUGO TRUE FALSE
SERVICE v101_DGB TRUE FALSE
在這個數(shù)據(jù)庫中已經(jīng)啟用了三個不同的跟蹤狀態(tài)
1.第一行記錄顯示將會對在SQL*Plus中執(zhí)行的所有sql語句進行跟蹤
2.第二行記錄顯示將會對帶有客戶端標識符"HUGO'的所有會話進行跟蹤
3.第三行記錄顯示將會對使用服務"v101_DGB'連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫的所有程序進行跟蹤
session_trace_enable函數(shù)
可以使用session_trace_enable過程來對本地實例的一個指定的數(shù)據(jù)庫會話啟用sql跟蹤.
語法如下:
啟用sql跟蹤
dbms_monitor.session_trace_enable(session_id => x, serial_num => y,
waits=>(TRUE|FALSE),binds=>(TRUE|FALSE) );
禁止sql跟蹤
dbms_monitor.session_trace_disable(session_id => x, serial_num => y);
其中waits的缺省值是true,binds的缺省值是false.
可以從v$session視圖中查詢會話id和序列號
SQL> select serial#, sid , username from v$session;
SERIAL# SID USERNAME
------- ----- --------------
1 131
18 139
3 140
11 143 SCOTT
然后可以使用下面的命令來對指定的會話啟用跟蹤
SQL> execute dbms_monitor.session_trace_enable(143,11);
跟蹤狀態(tài)在數(shù)據(jù)庫重啟后就會被刪除可以查詢dba_enabled_traces視圖看到?jīng)]有記錄
sys@JINGYONG> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_2529.trc
sys@JINGYONG> select trace_type,primary_id,qualifier_id1,waits,binds
2 from dba_enabled_traces;
未選定行
當會話斷開或者使用下面的命令可以禁止跟蹤
SQL> execute dbms_monitor.session_trace_disable(143,11);
client_id_trace_enable函數(shù)
在多層架構(gòu)環(huán)境中,一個請求從一個終端客戶端通過中間層分發(fā)到不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫會話.這意味著終端客戶端與數(shù)據(jù)庫會話的聯(lián)系不是靜態(tài)的.在oracle10g之前沒有方法可以對一個客戶端跨不同數(shù)據(jù)庫會話進行跟蹤.端到端的跟蹤可以通過一個新的屬性client_identifier來標識它是唯一標識一個特定的終端客戶端.這個客戶端標識符對應于v$session視圖中的client_identifier列.通過系統(tǒng)上下文也可以查看.
語法如下:
啟用跟蹤
execute dbms_monitor.client_id_trace_enable ( client_id =>'client x',
waits => (TRUE|FALSE), binds => (TRUE|FALSE) );
禁止跟蹤
execute dbms_monitor.client_id_trace_disable ( client_id =>'client x');
其中waits的缺省值是true,binds的缺省值是false.
例如:
可以使用dbms_session.set_identifier函數(shù)來設置client_identifier
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_session.set_identifier('JY');
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
sys@JINGYONG> select sys_context('USERENV','CLIENT_IDENTIFIER') client_id from dual;
JY
sys@JINGYONG> select client_identifier client_id from v$session where sid=30;
JY
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_monitor.client_id_trace_enable('JY');
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
使用查詢來檢查跟蹤是否已經(jīng)啟用
sys@JINGYONG> select primary_id,qualifier_id1,waits,binds
2 from dba_enabled_traces where trace_type='CLIENT_ID';
PRIMARY_ID QUALIFIER_ID1 WAITS BINDS
---------------- -------------- -------- --------
JY TRUE FALSE
這個跟蹤在數(shù)據(jù)庫重啟之后還是有效的你得調(diào)用函數(shù)來禁用.
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_monitor.client_id_trace_disable('JY');
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
檢查生成的跟文件
Trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_2529.trc
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
System name:Linux
Node name:jingyong
Release:2.6.18-164.el5
Version:#1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:54 EDT 2009
Machine:i686
Instance name: jingyong
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 21
Unix process pid: 2529, image: oracle@jingyong
*** 2013-11-11 11:31:56.737
*** SESSION ID:(30.32) 2013-11-11 11:31:56.737
*** CLIENT ID:() 2013-11-11 11:31:56.737
*** SERVICE NAME:(jingyong) 2013-11-11 11:31:56.737
*** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus.exe) 2013-11-11 11:31:56.737
*** ACTION NAME:() 2013-11-11 11:31:56.737
PARSING IN CURSOR #8 len=96 dep=0 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1384150635839986 hv=3018843459 ad='275fa5ec' sqlid='3gg23wktyzta3'
select primary_id,qualifier_id1,waits,binds
from dba_enabled_traces where trace_type='CLIENT_ID'
END OF STMT
在啟用跟蹤后執(zhí)行的語句被記錄到了跟蹤文件中.
sys@JINGYONG> select primary_id,qualifier_id1,waits,binds
2 from dba_enabled_traces where trace_type='CLIENT_ID';
未選定行
當你使用MTS時有時將會生成多個跟蹤文件,不同的共享服務器進程能執(zhí)行sql語句這就將會生成多個跟蹤文件.對于RAC
環(huán)境也是一樣.
serv_mod_act_trace_enable函數(shù)
端到端跟蹤對于使用MODULE,ACTION,SERVICES標識的應用程序能夠進行有效地管理和計算其工作量.service名,module和
action名提供了一種方法來識別一個應用程序中重要的事務.
你可以使用serv_act_trace_enable過程來對由一組service,module和action名指定的全局會話啟用sql跟蹤,除非指定了特定
的實例名.對于一個會話的service名,module名與v$session視圖中的service_name和module列相對應.
語句如下:
啟用跟蹤
execute dbms_monitor.serv_mod_act_trace_enable('Service S', 'Module M', 'Action A',
waits => (TRUE|FALSE), binds => (TRUE|FALSE), instance_name => 'ORCL' );
禁止跟蹤
execute dbms_monitor.serv_mod_act_trace_disable('Service S', 'Module M', 'Action A');
其中waits的缺省值是true,binds的缺省值是false,instance_name的缺省值是null.
例如想要對在數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器使用SQL*Plus執(zhí)行的所有sql語句進行跟蹤可以執(zhí)行以下命令:
sys@JINGYONG> select module,service_name from v$session where sid=25;
MODULE SERVICE_NAME
----------------------------- ---------------------
sqlplus@jingyong (TNS V1-V3) SYS$USERS
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_monitor.serv_mod_act_trace_enable('SYS$USERS','sqlplus@j
ingyong (TNS V1-V3)');
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
sys@JINGYONG> select primary_id,qualifier_id1,waits,binds
2 from dba_enabled_traces
3 where trace_type='SERVICE_MODULE';
PRIMARY_ID QUALIFIER_ID1 WAITS BINDS
--------------- ------------------- -------- --------
SYS$USERS sqlplus@jingyong (TNS V1-V3) TRUE FALSE
啟用跟蹤后我們執(zhí)行一個測試語句
SQL> select 'x' from dual;
'
-
x
檢查生成的跟蹤文件名
SQL> select * from v$diag_info where name='Default Trace File';
INST_ID NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Default Trace File
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_4411.trc
查看跟蹤內(nèi)容如下
trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/jingyong/jingyong/trace/jingyong_ora_4411.trc
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
System name:Linux
Node name:jingyong
Release:2.6.18-164.el5
Version:#1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:54 EDT 2009
Machine:i686
Instance name: jingyong
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 24
Unix process pid: 4411, image: oracle@jingyong (TNS V1-V3)
*** 2013-11-11 14:34:00.971
*** SESSION ID:(25.412) 2013-11-11 14:34:00.972
*** CLIENT ID:() 2013-11-11 14:34:00.972
*** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2013-11-11 14:34:00.972
*** MODULE NAME:(sqlplus@jingyong (TNS V1-V3)) 2013-11-11 14:34:00.972
*** ACTION NAME:() 2013-11-11 14:34:00.972
WAIT #1: nam='SQL*Net message from client' ela= 152965072 driver id=1650815232 #bytes=1 p3=0 obj#=-1 tim=1384151640937525
CLOSE #1:c=1000,e=521,dep=0,type=0,tim=1384151640973430
=====================
PARSING IN CURSOR #1 len=20 dep=0 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1384151640977682 hv=2740543121 ad='275fa9e4' sqlid='04vfkrajpkrnj'
select 'x' from dual
我們執(zhí)行的測試語句被記錄了在跟蹤文件中.
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_monitor.serv_mod_act_trace_disable('SYS$USERS','sqlplus@
jingyong (TNS V1-V3)');
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
sys@JINGYONG> select primary_id,qualifier_id1,waits,binds
2 from dba_enabled_traces
3 where trace_type='SERVICE_MODULE';
未選定行
使用trcsess來合并跟蹤文件
從某些跟蹤操作中會得到多個跟蹤文件.在oracle10g之前的版本中你得手動將這些跟蹤文件合并到一起.現(xiàn)在可以使用trcsess工具來幫你合并這些跟蹤文件.
語句如下:
trcsess [output=] [session=] [clientid=] [service=] [action=] [module=]
output=?output destination default being standard output.
session= session to be traced.
Session id is a combination of session Index & session serial number e.g. 8.13.
clientid= clientid to be traced.
service= service to be traced.
action= action to be traced.
module= module to be traced.
Space separated list of trace files with wild card '*' suppor
ted.
[oracle@jingyong trace]$ trcsess output=jingyong_ora_88888888.trc service=jingyong jingyong_ora_2529.trc jingyong_ora_4411.trc
[oracle@jingyong trace]$ ls -lrt jingyong_ora_88888888.trc
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16219 Nov 11 14:59 jingyong_ora_88888888.trc
dbms_application_info
可以在過程開始一個事務之前使用dbms_application_info.set*過程來注冊一個事務名/客戶端信息/模塊名為以后檢查性能來使用.你應該對以后可能消耗你最多系統(tǒng)資源的活動事務進行指定.
dbms_application_info包有以下過程
SET_CLIENT_INFO ( client_info IN VARCHAR2 );
SET_ACTION ( action_name IN VARCHAR2 );
SET_MODULE ( module_name IN VARCHAR2, action_name IN VARCHAR2 );
例如
sys@JINGYONG> create table emp as select * from scott.emp where 1=0;
表已創(chuàng)建。
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_application_info.set_module(module_name=>'add_emp',actio
n_name=>'insert into emp');
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
sys@JINGYONG> insert into emp select * from scott.emp;
已創(chuàng)建14行。
sys@JINGYONG> commit;
提交完成。
sys@JINGYONG> exec dbms_application_info.set_module(null,null);
PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
下面查詢v$sqlarea視圖使用module和action列進行查詢
sys@JINGYONG> select sql_text from v$sqlarea where module='add_emp';
insert into emp select * from scott.emp
sys@JINGYONG> select sql_text from v$sqlarea where action='insert into emp';
insert into emp select * from scott.emp
declare
l_client varchar2(100);
l_mod_name varchar2(100);
l_act_name varchar2(100);
begin
dbms_application_info.read_client_info(l_client);
dbms_application_info.read_module(l_mod_name,l_act_name);
dbms_output.put_line(l_client);
dbms_output.put_line(l_mod_name);
end;
dbms_session包：只能跟蹤當前會話，不能指定會話。
跟蹤當前會話：
SQL> exec dbms_session.set_sql_trace(true);
SQL> 執(zhí)行sql
SQL> exec dbms_session.set_sql_trace(false);
dbms_session.set_sql_trace相當于alter session set sql_trace，從生成的trace文件可以明確地看alter session set sql_trace語句。
使 用dbms_session.session_trace_enable過程，不僅可以看到等待事件信息還可以看到綁定變量信息，相當于alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever, level 12';語句，從生成的trace文件可以確認。
SQL> exec dbms_session.session_trace_enable(waits=>true,binds=>true);
SQL> 執(zhí)行sql
SQL> exec dbms_session.session_trace_enable(); --This procedure resets the session-level SQL trace for the session from which it was called.
dbms_support包：不應該使用這種方法，非官方支持。
系統(tǒng)默認沒有安裝這個包，可以手動執(zhí)行$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/bmssupp.sql腳本來創(chuàng)建該包。
SQL> desc dbms_support
FUNCTION MYSID RETURNS NUMBER
FUNCTION PACKAGE_VERSION RETURNS VARCHAR2
PROCEDURE START_TRACE
Argument Name Type In/Out Default?
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
WAITS BOOLEAN IN DEFAULT
BINDS BOOLEAN IN DEFAULT
PROCEDURE START_TRACE_IN_SESSION
Argument Name Type In/Out Default?
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
SID NUMBER IN
SERIAL NUMBER IN
WAITS BOOLEAN IN DEFAULT
BINDS BOOLEAN IN DEFAULT
PROCEDURE STOP_TRACE
PROCEDURE STOP_TRACE_IN_SESSION
Argument Name Type In/Out Default?
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------ --------
SID NUMBER IN
SERIAL NUMBER IN
SQL> select dbms_support.package_version from dual;
PACKAGE_VERSION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DBMS_SUPPORT Version 1.0 (17-Aug-1998) - Requires Oracle 7.2 - 8.0.5
SQL> select dbms_support.mysid from dual;
MYSID
----------
292
SQL> select * from v$mystat where rownum=1;
SID STATISTIC# VALUE
---------- ---------- ----------
292 0 1
跟蹤當前會話：
SQL> exec dbms_support.start_trace
SQL> 執(zhí)行sql
SQL> exec dbms_support.stop_trace
跟蹤其他會話：等待事件+綁定變量，相當于level 12的10046事件。
SQL> select sid,serial#,username from v$session where ...;
SQL> exec dbms_support.start_trace_in_session(sid=>sid,serial=>serial#,waits=>true,binds=>true);
SQL> exec dbms_support.stop_trace_in_session(sid=>sid,serial=>serial#);
dbms_system包：9i時使用
跟蹤其他會話：
SQL> select sid,serial#,username from v$session where ...;
SQL> exec dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(sid,serial#,true);
可以等候片刻，跟蹤session執(zhí)行任務,捕獲sql操作…
SQL> exec dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(sid,serial#,false);
ps：dbms_system這個包在10gR2官方文檔上面沒有找到這個包的說明，但數(shù)據(jù)庫中有。
SQL> exec sys.dbms_system.SET_BOOL_PARAM_IN_SESSION(sid, serial#, 'sql_trace', TRUE);
SQL> exec sys.dbms_system.SET_BOOL_PARAM_IN_SESSION(sid, serial#, 'sql_trace', FALSE);
使用dbms_system.set_ev設置10046事件
SQL> select sid,serial#,username from v$session where ...;
SQL> exec dbms_system.set_ev(sid,serial#,10046,12,'');
SQL> exec dbms_system.set_ev(sid,serial#,10046,0,'');
最后一個參數(shù)只有為''時，才會生成trace文件，否則不報錯，但沒有trace文件生成。
3.數(shù)據(jù)庫hang住是一個特定會話出現(xiàn)hang住還是幾個會話出現(xiàn)hang住還是所有的會話都出現(xiàn)hang住
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫是一個會話或幾個會話出現(xiàn)hang住可以對這個會話執(zhí)行10046跟蹤,可以對這個會話收集一些errorstacks信息,也可以當問題出現(xiàn)時生成一個awr或statspack報告
生成轉(zhuǎn)儲和errorstack信息的方法如下:
為了轉(zhuǎn)儲跟蹤和errorstacks信息,可以使用操作系統(tǒng)進程ID或者oracle進程ID.比如可以通過oracle的sid來查詢到操作系統(tǒng)進ID:
SELECT p.pid, p.SPID,s.SID
FROM v$process p, v$session s
WHERE s.paddr = p.addr
AND s.SID = &SID;
SPID是操作系統(tǒng)標識符
SID是oracle會話標識符
PID是oracle進程標識符
比如一個SPID是1254,pid是56如果使用SPID來生成轉(zhuǎn)儲和errorstacks信息可以執(zhí)行下面的語句:
connect / as sysdba
ALTER SESSION SET tracefile_identifier = 'STACK_10046';
oradebug setospid 1254
oradebug unlimit
oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 12
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug tracefile_name
oradebug event 10046 trace name context off
如果使用PID來生成轉(zhuǎn)儲和errorstacks信息可以執(zhí)行下面的語句:
connect / as sysdba
ALTER SESSION SET tracefile_identifier = 'STACK_10046';
oradebug setpid 56
oradebug unlimit
oradebug event 10046 trace name context forever,level 12
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug tracefile_name
oradebug event 10046 trace name context off
其中oradebug tracefile_name命令會顯示跟蹤文件的名字和位置,在生成的跟蹤文件名字會包含STACK_10046字符
如果要對當前會話收集errorstacks信息首先要找出當前會話的SPID或PID可以執(zhí)行如下語句來獲得:
SELECT p.pid, p.SPID,s.SID
FROM v$process p, v$session s
WHERE s.paddr = p.addr
AND s.audsid = userenv('SESSIONID') ;
或者
SELECT p.pid, p.SPID,s.SID
FROM v$process p,v$session s
WHERE s.paddr = p.addr
AND s.SID =
(SELECT DISTINCT SID
FROM V$MYSTAT);
如果數(shù)據(jù)庫是所有會話出現(xiàn)hang也就是整個數(shù)據(jù)庫出現(xiàn)hang住了診斷hang住的方法如下:
當一個數(shù)據(jù)庫出現(xiàn)Hang的問題時從數(shù)據(jù)庫中收集信息來診斷掛志的根本原因是非常有用的.數(shù)據(jù)庫Hang的原因往往是孤立的可以使用收集來的診斷信息來解決.另外如果不能解決可以用獲得的信息來避免這個問題的再次重現(xiàn).
解決方法
診斷數(shù)據(jù)庫Hang需要什么信息
數(shù)據(jù)庫Hang的特點是一些進程正在等待另一些進程的完成.通常有一個或多個阻塞進程被困或者正在努力工作但不是迅速的釋放資源.為了診斷需要以下信息:
1.Hanganalyze and Systemstate Dumps
2.數(shù)據(jù)庫性能的awr/statspack快照
3.及時的RDA
Hanganalyze and Systemstate Dumps
Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲提供了在一個特定時間點的數(shù)據(jù)庫中的進程信息.Hang分析提供了在Hang鏈表中所有進程的信息,系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)提供了數(shù)據(jù)庫中所有進程的信息.當查看一個潛在的Hang情況時你需要判斷是否一個進程被因或動行緩慢.通過在兩個連續(xù)的時間間隔內(nèi)收集這些轉(zhuǎn)儲信息如果進程被困這些跟蹤信息可以用于將來的診斷可能幫助你提供一些解決方法.Hang分析用來總結(jié)和確認數(shù)據(jù)庫是真的Hang還是只是緩慢并提供了一致性快照,系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲顯示了數(shù)據(jù)庫中每一個進程正在做什么
收集Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲信息
登錄系統(tǒng)
使用sql*plus以sysdba身份來登錄
sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
如果連接時出現(xiàn)問題在oracle10gr2中可以使用sqlplus的"preliminary connection'
sqlplus -prelim '/ as sysdba'
注意:從oracle 11.2.0.2開始Hang分析在sqlplus的'preliminary connection'連接下將不會生成輸出因為它要會請求一個進程的狀態(tài)對象和一個會話狀態(tài)對象.如果正試圖分析跟蹤會輸出:
HANG ANALYSIS:
ERROR: Can not perform hang analysis dump without a process state object and a session state object.
( process=(nil), sess=(nil) )
非rac環(huán)境收集Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的收集命令
有些時候數(shù)據(jù)庫可能只是非常的慢而不是真正的Hang.因此建議收集級別為2的Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲來判斷這些進程是正在執(zhí)行還是已經(jīng)停止執(zhí)行
持起分析
sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
oradebug setmypid
oradebug unlimit
oradebug hanganalyze 3
-- Wait one minute before getting the second hanganalyze
oradebug hanganalyze 3
oradebug tracefile_name
exit
系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)儲
sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
oradebug setmypid
oradebug unlimit
oradebug dump systemstate 266
oradebug dump systemstate 266
oradebug tracefile_name
exit
rac環(huán)境收集Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的收集命令
如果在你的系統(tǒng)中沒有應用相關的補丁程序使用級別為266或267的系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲會有2個bug.因此在沒有應用這些補丁收集這些級別的轉(zhuǎn)儲是不明智的選擇
補丁信息如下:
Document 11800959.8 Bug 11800959 - A SYSTEMSTATE dump with level >= 10 in RAC dumps huge BUSY GLOBAL CACHE ELEMENTS - can hang/crash instances
Document 11827088.8 Bug 11827088 - Latch 'gc element' contention, LMHB terminates the instance
在修正bug 11800959和bug 11827088的情況下對于rac環(huán)境懼訂Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的收集命令如下:
sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
oradebug setorapname reco
oradebug unlimit
oradebug -g all hanganalyze 3
oradebug -g all hanganalyze 3
oradebug -g all dump systemstate 266
oradebug -g all dump systemstate 266
exit
在沒有修正bug 11800959和bug 11827088的情況下對于rac環(huán)境懼訂Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的收集命令如下:
sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
oradebug setorapname reco
oradebug unlimit
oradebug -g all hanganalyze 3
oradebug -g all hanganalyze 3
oradebug -g all dump systemstate 258
oradebug -g all dump systemstate 258
exit
在rac環(huán)境中會在每一個實例的跟蹤文件中創(chuàng)建所有實例的轉(zhuǎn)儲信息
對Hang分析和系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲的級別說明
Hang分析級別
level 3(級別3):在oracle11g之前l(fā)evel 3對Hang鏈表中的相關進程也會收集一個簡短的堆棧信息
系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲級別
level 258(級別258)是一個快速的選擇但是會丟失一些鎖的元數(shù)據(jù)信息
level 267(級別267)它包含了理解成本所需要的額外的緩沖區(qū)緩存/鎖元數(shù)據(jù)信息
其它的方法
如果不能連接到系統(tǒng)時如何收集系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲信息
通常有兩種方法來在系統(tǒng)Hang不能連接時來生成系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲信息
1.alter session set events 'immediate trace name SYSTEMSTATE level 10';
2.$ sqlplus
connect sys/passwd as sysdba
oradebug setospid oradebug unlimit
oradebug dump systemstate 10
(注意:在oradebug中不能使用任何半冒號,如果你的數(shù)據(jù)庫是比oracle9i還老的版本你將需要使用svrmgrl來連接到內(nèi)部)
當你使用這兩種方法中的一種時,要確保在兩次轉(zhuǎn)儲時內(nèi)部連接斷開.這種方法生成的轉(zhuǎn)儲將在你的user_dump_dest目錄中是分開的ora_.trc文件
在非常嚴重的情況下不能使用svrmgrl或sqlplus進行連接執(zhí)行這些必要的命令.在這種情況下仍然有一個后門方法使用調(diào)試器比如你的系統(tǒng)有dbx的話可以用dbx來生成系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲信息.被連接到的轉(zhuǎn)儲核心進程可能會被殺死所以不能連接到一個oracle后臺進程.dbx的語法如下:
dbx -a PID (where PID = any oracle shadow process)
dbx() print ksudss(10)
...return value printed here
dbx() detach
首先你需要找到一個影子進程
(jy) % ps -ef |grep sqlplus
osupport 78526 154096 0 12:11:05 pts/1 0:00 sqlplus scott/tiger
osupport 94130 84332 1 12:11:20 pts/3 0:00 grep sqlplus
(jy) % ps -ef |grep 78526
osupport 28348 78526 0 12:11:05 - 0:00 oracles734 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL
osupport 78526 154096 0 12:11:05 pts/1 0:00 sqlplus scott/tiger
osupport 94132 84332 1 12:11:38 pts/3 0:00 grep 78526
這樣將會連接到影子進程PID 28348上.當返回提示符時輸入ksudss(10)命令和detach:
(jy) % dbx -a 28348
Waiting to attach to process 28348 ...
Successfully attached to oracle.
warning: Directory containing oracle could not be determined.
Apply 'use' command to initialize source path.
Type 'help' for help.
reading symbolic information ...
stopped in read at 0xd016fdf0
0xd016fdf0 (read+0x114) 80410014 lwz r2,0x14(r1)
(dbx) print ksudss(10)
2
(dbx) detach
在user_dump_dest目錄中你將會通過跟蹤的pid找到一個系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲文件
(jy) % ls -lrt *28348*
-rw-r----- 1 osupport dba 46922 Oct 10 12:12 ora_28348.trc
core_28348:
total 72
-rw-r--r-- 1 osupport dba 16567 Oct 10 12:12 core
drwxr-xr-x 7 osupport dba 12288 Oct 10 12:12 ../
drwxr-x--- 2 osupport dba 512 Oct 10 12:12 ./
在跟蹤文件中你將會找到常用的頭信息.在oracle7.3.4并行操作系統(tǒng)中在這后面緊跟的是鎖信息然后才是系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)儲信息.
在oracle8并行操作系統(tǒng)中和非并行操作系統(tǒng)和oracle7.3.4非并行操作系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)信息是緊跟頭信息.
在轉(zhuǎn)儲文件中頭信息如下:
Dump file /oracle/mpp/734/rdbms/log/ora_28348.trc
Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.4.4.1 - Production
With the distributed, replication, parallel query, Parallel Server
and Spatial Data options
PL/SQL Release 2.3.4.4.1 - Production
ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/mpp/734
System name: AIX
Node name: saki
Release: 3
Version: 4
Machine: 000089914C00
Instance name: s734
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 2
Oracle process number: 0
Unix process pid: 28348, image:
ksinfy: nfytype = 0x5
ksinfy: calling scggra(&se)
scggra: SCG_PROCESS_LOCKING not defined
scggra: calling lk_group_attach()
ksinfy: returning
*** SESSION ID:(12.15) 2000.10.10.12.11.06.000
ksqcmi: get or convert
ksqcmi: get or convert
*** 2000.10.10.12.12.08.000
===================================================
SYSTEM STATE
.....
確保在這個文件中有一個end of system state.可以對它使用grep或在vi中搜索.如果沒有那么這個跟蹤文件是不過完整.
可能是因為init.ora文件中的max_dump_file的大小太小了.
對于oracle10g及以后的版本:
在有些情況下不連接到實例是允許的(在有些ora-20的情況下,對于oracle10.1.x,對于sqlplus有一個新選項來允許訪問實例來生成跟蹤文件)sqlplus -prelim / as sysdba
例如
export ORACLE_SID=PROD ## Replace PROD with the SID you want to trace
sqlplus -prelim / as sysdba
oradebug setmypid
oradebug unlimit;
oradebug dump systemstate 10
在rac系統(tǒng)中,Hang分析,系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)儲和其它一些rac信息可以使用racdiag.sql腳本來進行收集:
-- NAME: RACDIAG.SQL
-- SYS OR INTERNAL USER, CATPARR.SQL ALREADY RUN, PARALLEL QUERY OPTION ON
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- AUTHOR:
-- Michael Polaski - Oracle Support Services
-- Copyright 2002, Oracle Corporation
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PURPOSE:
-- This script is intended to provide a user friendly guide to troubleshoot
-- RAC hung sessions or slow performance scenerios. The script includes
-- information to gather a variety of important debug information to determine
-- the cause of a RAC session level hang. The script will create a file
-- called racdiag_.out in your local directory while dumping hang analyze
-- dumps in the user_dump_dest(s) and background_dump_dest(s) on all nodes.
--
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- DISCLAIMER:
-- This script is provided for educational purposes only. It is NOT
-- supported by Oracle World Wide Technical Support.
-- The script has been tested and appears to work as intended.
-- You should always run new scripts on a test instance initially.
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Script output is as follows:
set echo off
set feedback off
column timecol new_value timestamp
column spool_extension new_value suffix
select to_char(sysdate,'Mondd_hhmi') timecol,
'.out' spool_extension from sys.dual;
column output new_value dbname
select value || '_' output
from v$parameter where name = 'db_name';
spool racdiag_&&dbname&×tamp&&suffix
set lines 200
set pagesize 35
set trim on
set trims on
alter session set nls_date_format = 'MON-DD-YYYY HH24:MI:SS';
alter session set timed_statistics = true;
set feedback on
select to_char(sysdate) time from dual;
set numwidth 5
column host_name format a20 tru
select inst_id, instance_name, host_name, version, status, startup_time
from gv$instance
order by inst_id;
set echo on
-- WAIT CHAINS
-- 11.x+ Only (This will not work in < v11
-- See Note 1428210.1 for instructions on interpreting.
set pages 1000
set lines 120
set heading off
column w_proc format a50 tru
column instance format a20 tru
column inst format a28 tru
column wait_event format a50 tru
column p1 format a16 tru
column p2 format a16 tru
column p3 format a15 tru
column Seconds format a50 tru
column sincelw format a50 tru
column blocker_proc format a50 tru
column waiters format a50 tru
column chain_signature format a100 wra
column blocker_chain format a100 wra
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT 'Current Process: '||osid W_PROC, 'SID '||i.instance_name INSTANCE,
'INST #: '||instance INST,'Blocking Process: '||decode(blocker_osid,null,'',blocker_osid)||
' from Instance '||blocker_instance BLOCKER_PROC,'Number of waiters: '||num_waiters waiters,
'Wait Event: ' ||wait_event_text wait_event, 'P1: '||p1 p1, 'P2: '||p2 p2, 'P3: '||p3 p3,
'Seconds in Wait: '||in_wait_secs Seconds, 'Seconds Since Last Wait: '||time_since_last_wait_secs sincelw,
'Wait Chain: '||chain_id ||': '||chain_signature chain_signature,'Blocking Wait Chain: '||decode(blocker_chain_id,null,
'',blocker_chain_id) blocker_chain
FROM v$wait_chains wc,
v$instance i
WHERE wc.instance = i.instance_number (+)
AND ( num_waiters > 0
OR ( blocker_osid IS NOT NULL
AND in_wait_secs > 10 ) )
ORDER BY chain_id,
num_waiters DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM < 101; -- Taking Hang Analyze dumps -- This may take a little while... oradebug setmypid oradebug unlimit oradebug -g all hanganalyze 3 -- This part may take the longest, you can monitor bdump or udump to see if -- the file is being generated. oradebug -g all dump systemstate 258 -- WAITING SESSIONS: -- The entries that are shown at the top are the sessions that have -- waited the longest amount of time that are waiting for non-idle wait -- events (event column). You can research and find out what the wait -- event indicates (along with its parameters) by checking the Oracle -- Server Reference Manual or look for any known issues or documentation -- by searching Metalink for the event name in the search bar. Example -- (include single quotes): [ 'buffer busy due to global cache' ]. -- Metalink and/or the Server Reference Manual should return some useful -- information on each type of wait event. The inst_id column shows the -- instance where the session resides and the SID is the unique identifier -- for the session (gv$session). The p1, p2, and p3 columns will show -- event specific information that may be important to debug the problem. -- To find out what the p1, p2, and p3 indicates see the next section. -- Items with wait_time of anything other than 0 indicate we do not know -- how long these sessions have been waiting. -- set numwidth 15 set heading on column state format a7 tru column event format a25 tru column last_sql format a40 tru select sw.inst_id, sw.sid, sw.state, sw.event, sw.seconds_in_wait seconds, sw.p1, sw.p2, sw.p3, sa.sql_text last_sql from gv$session_wait sw, gv$session s, gv$sqlarea sa where sw.event not in ('rdbms ipc message','smon timer','pmon timer', 'SQL*Net message from client','lock manager wait for remote message', 'ges remote message', 'gcs remote message', 'gcs for action', 'client message', 'pipe get', 'null event', 'PX Idle Wait', 'single-task message', 'PX Deq: Execution Msg', 'KXFQ: kxfqdeq - normal deqeue', 'listen endpoint status','slave wait','wakeup time manager') and sw.seconds_in_wait > 0
and (sw.inst_id = s.inst_id and sw.sid = s.sid)
and (s.inst_id = sa.inst_id and s.sql_address = sa.address)
order by seconds desc;
-- EVENT PARAMETER LOOKUP:
-- This section will give a description of the parameter names of the
-- events seen in the last section. p1test is the parameter value for
-- p1 in the WAITING SESSIONS section while p2text is the parameter
-- value for p3 and p3 text is the parameter value for p3. The
-- parameter values in the first section can be helpful for debugging
-- the wait event.
--
column event format a30 tru
column p1text format a25 tru
column p2text format a25 tru
column p3text format a25 tru
select distinct event, p1text, p2text, p3text
from gv$session_wait sw
where sw.event not in ('rdbms ipc message','smon timer','pmon timer',
'SQL*Net message from client','lock manager wait for remote message',
'ges remote message', 'gcs remote message', 'gcs for action', 'client message',
'pipe get', 'null event', 'PX Idle Wait', 'single-task message',
'PX Deq: Execution Msg', 'KXFQ: kxfqdeq - normal deqeue',
'listen endpoint status','slave wait','wakeup time manager')
and seconds_in_wait > 0
order by event;
-- GES LOCK BLOCKERS:
-- This section will show us any sessions that are holding locks that
-- are blocking other users. The inst_id will show us the instance that
-- the session resides on while the sid will be a unique identifier for
-- the session. The grant_level will show us how the GES lock is granted to
-- the user. The request_level will show us what status we are trying to
-- obtain. The lockstate column will show us what status the lock is in.
-- The last column shows how long this session has been waiting.
--
set numwidth 5
column state format a16 tru;
column event format a30 tru;
select dl.inst_id, s.sid, p.spid, dl.resource_name1,
decode(substr(dl.grant_level,1,8),'KJUSERNL','Null','KJUSERCR','Row-S (SS)',
'KJUSERCW','Row-X (SX)','KJUSERPR','Share','KJUSERPW','S/Row-X (SSX)',
'KJUSEREX','Exclusive',request_level) as grant_level,
decode(substr(dl.request_level,1,8),'KJUSERNL','Null','KJUSERCR','Row-S (SS)',
'KJUSERCW','Row-X (SX)','KJUSERPR','Share','KJUSERPW','S/Row-X (SSX)',
'KJUSEREX','Exclusive',request_level) as request_level,
decode(substr(dl.state,1,8),'KJUSERGR','Granted','KJUSEROP','Opening',
'KJUSERCA','Canceling','KJUSERCV','Converting') as state,
s.sid, sw.event, sw.seconds_in_wait sec
from gv$ges_enqueue dl, gv$process p, gv$session s, gv$session_wait sw
where blocker = 1
and (dl.inst_id = p.inst_id and dl.pid = p.spid)
and (p.inst_id = s.inst_id and p.addr = s.paddr)
and (s.inst_id = sw.inst_id and s.sid = sw.sid)
order by sw.seconds_in_wait desc;
-- GES LOCK WAITERS:
-- This section will show us any sessions that are waiting for locks that
-- are blocked by other users. The inst_id will show us the instance that
-- the session resides on while the sid will be a unique identifier for
-- the session. The grant_level will show us how the GES lock is granted to
-- the user. The request_level will show us what status we are trying to
-- obtain. The lockstate column will show us what status the lock is in.
-- The last column shows how long this session has been waiting.
--
set numwidth 5
column state format a16 tru;
column event format a30 tru;
select dl.inst_id, s.sid, p.spid, dl.resource_name1,
decode(substr(dl.grant_level,1,8),'KJUSERNL','Null','KJUSERCR','Row-S (SS)',
'KJUSERCW','Row-X (SX)','KJUSERPR','Share','KJUSERPW','S/Row-X (SSX)',
'KJUSEREX','Exclusive',request_level) as grant_level,
decode(substr(dl.request_level,1,8),'KJUSERNL','Null','KJUSERCR','Row-S (SS)',
'KJUSERCW','Row-X (SX)','KJUSERPR','Share','KJUSERPW','S/Row-X (SSX)',
'KJUSEREX','Exclusive',request_level) as request_level,
decode(substr(dl.state,1,8),'KJUSERGR','Granted','KJUSEROP','Opening',
'KJUSERCA','Cancelling','KJUSERCV','Converting') as state,
s.sid, sw.event, sw.seconds_in_wait sec
from gv$ges_enqueue dl, gv$process p, gv$session s, gv$session_wait sw
where blocked = 1
and (dl.inst_id = p.inst_id and dl.pid = p.spid)
and (p.inst_id = s.inst_id and p.addr = s.paddr)
and (s.inst_id = sw.inst_id and s.sid = sw.sid)
order by sw.seconds_in_wait desc;
-- LOCAL ENQUEUES:
-- This section will show us if there are any local enqueues. The inst_id will
-- show us the instance that the session resides on while the sid will be a
-- unique identifier for. The addr column will show the lock address. The type
-- will show the lock type. The id1 and id2 columns will show specific
-- parameters for the lock type.
--
set numwidth 12
column event format a12 tru
select l.inst_id, l.sid, l.addr, l.type, l.id1, l.id2,
decode(l.block,0,'blocked',1,'blocking',2,'global') block,
sw.event, sw.seconds_in_wait sec
from gv$lock l, gv$session_wait sw
where (l.sid = sw.sid and l.inst_id = sw.inst_id)
and l.block in (0,1)
order by l.type, l.inst_id, l.sid;
-- LATCH HOLDERS:
-- If there is latch contention or 'latch free' wait events in the WAITING
-- SESSIONS section we will need to find out which proceseses are holding
-- latches. The inst_id will show us the instance that the session resides
-- on while the sid will be a unique identifier for. The username column
-- will show the session's username. The os_user column will show the os
-- user that the user logged in as. The name column will show us the type
-- of latch being waited on. You can search Metalink for the latch name in
-- the search bar. Example (include single quotes):
-- [ 'library cache' latch ]. Metalink should return some useful information
-- on the type of latch.
--
set numwidth 5
select distinct lh.inst_id, s.sid, s.username, p.username os_user, lh.name
from gv$latchholder lh, gv$session s, gv$process p
where (lh.sid = s.sid and lh.inst_id = s.inst_id)
and (s.inst_id = p.inst_id and s.paddr = p.addr)
order by lh.inst_id, s.sid;
-- LATCH STATS:
-- This view will show us latches with less than optimal hit ratios
-- The inst_id will show us the instance for the particular latch. The
-- latch_name column will show us the type of latch. You can search Metalink
-- for the latch name in the search bar. Example (include single quotes):
-- [ 'library cache' latch ]. Metalink should return some useful information
-- on the type of latch. The hit_ratio shows the percentage of time we
-- successfully acquired the latch.
--
column latch_name format a30 tru
select inst_id, name latch_name,
round((gets-misses)/decode(gets,0,1,gets),3) hit_ratio,
round(sleeps/decode(misses,0,1,misses),3) "SLEEPS/MISS"
from gv$latch
where round((gets-misses)/decode(gets,0,1,gets),3) < .99
and gets != 0
order by round((gets-misses)/decode(gets,0,1,gets),3);
-- No Wait Latches:
--
select inst_id, name latch_name,
round((immediate_gets/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)), 3) hit_ratio,
round(sleeps/decode(immediate_misses,0,1,immediate_misses),3) "SLEEPS/MISS"
from gv$latch
where round((immediate_gets/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)), 3) < .99 and immediate_gets + immediate_misses > 0
order by round((immediate_gets/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)), 3);
-- GLOBAL CACHE CR PERFORMANCE
-- This shows the average latency of a consistent block request.
-- AVG CR BLOCK RECEIVE TIME should typically be about 15 milliseconds
-- depending on your system configuration and volume, is the average
-- latency of a consistent-read request round-trip from the requesting
-- instance to the holding instance and back to the requesting instance. If
-- your CPU has limited idle time and your system typically processes
-- long-running queries, then the latency may be higher. However, it is
-- possible to have an average latency of less than one millisecond with
-- User-mode IPC. Latency can be influenced by a high value for the
-- DB_MULTI_BLOCK_READ_COUNT parameter. This is because a requesting process
-- can issue more than one request for a block depending on the setting of
-- this parameter. Correspondingly, the requesting process may wait longer.
-- Also check interconnect badwidth, OS tcp settings, and OS udp settings if
-- AVG CR BLOCK RECEIVE TIME is high.
--
set numwidth 20
column "AVG CR BLOCK RECEIVE TIME (ms)" format 9999999.9
select b1.inst_id, b2.value "GCS CR BLOCKS RECEIVED",
b1.value "GCS CR BLOCK RECEIVE TIME",
((b1.value / b2.value) * 10) "AVG CR BLOCK RECEIVE TIME (ms)"
from gv$sysstat b1, gv$sysstat b2
where b1.name = 'global cache cr block receive time' and
b2.name = 'global cache cr blocks received' and b1.inst_id = b2.inst_id
or b1.name = 'gc cr block receive time' and
b2.name = 'gc cr blocks received' and b1.inst_id = b2.inst_id ;
-- GLOBAL CACHE LOCK PERFORMANCE
-- This shows the average global enqueue get time.
-- Typically AVG GLOBAL LOCK GET TIME should be 20-30 milliseconds. the
-- elapsed time for a get includes the allocation and initialization of a
-- new global enqueue. If the average global enqueue get (global cache
-- get time) or average global enqueue conversion times are excessive,
-- then your system may be experiencing timeouts. See the 'WAITING SESSIONS',
-- 'GES LOCK BLOCKERS', GES LOCK WAITERS', and 'TOP 10 WAIT EVENTS ON SYSTEM'
-- sections if the AVG GLOBAL LOCK GET TIME is high.
--
set numwidth 20
column "AVG GLOBAL LOCK GET TIME (ms)" format 9999999.9
select b1.inst_id, (b1.value + b2.value) "GLOBAL LOCK GETS",
b3.value "GLOBAL LOCK GET TIME",
(b3.value / (b1.value + b2.value) * 10) "AVG GLOBAL LOCK GET TIME (ms)"
from gv$sysstat b1, gv$sysstat b2, gv$sysstat b3
where b1.name = 'global lock sync gets' and
b2.name = 'global lock async gets' and b3.name = 'global lock get time'
and b1.inst_id = b2.inst_id and b2.inst_id = b3.inst_id
or b1.name = 'global enqueue gets sync' and
b2.name = 'global enqueue gets async' and b3.name = 'global enqueue get time'
and b1.inst_id = b2.inst_id and b2.inst_id = b3.inst_id;
-- RESOURCE USAGE
-- This section will show how much of our resources we have used.
--
set numwidth 8
select inst_id, resource_name, current_utilization, max_utilization,
initial_allocation
from gv$resource_limit
where max_utilization > 0
order by inst_id, resource_name;
-- DLM TRAFFIC INFORMATION
-- This section shows how many tickets are available in the DLM. If the
-- TCKT_WAIT columns says "YES" then we have run out of DLM tickets which
-- could cause a DLM hang. Make sure that you also have enough TCKT_AVAIL.
--
set numwidth 10
select * from gv$dlm_traffic_controller
order by TCKT_AVAIL;
-- DLM MISC
--
set numwidth 10
select * from gv$dlm_misc;
-- LOCK CONVERSION DETAIL:
-- This view shows the types of lock conversion being done on each instance.
--
select * from gv$lock_activity;
-- INITIALIZATION PARAMETERS:
-- Non-default init parameters for each node.
--
set numwidth 5
column name format a30 tru
column value format a50 wra
column description format a60 tru
select inst_id, name, value, description
from gv$parameter
where isdefault = 'FALSE'
order by inst_id, name;
-- TOP 10 WAIT EVENTS ON SYSTEM
-- This view will provide a summary of the top wait events in the db.
--
set numwidth 10
column event format a25 tru
select inst_id, event, time_waited, total_waits, total_timeouts
from (select inst_id, event, time_waited, total_waits, total_timeouts
from gv$system_event where event not in ('rdbms ipc message','smon timer',
'pmon timer', 'SQL*Net message from client','lock manager wait for remote message',
'ges remote message', 'gcs remote message', 'gcs for action', 'client message',
'pipe get', 'null event', 'PX Idle Wait', 'single-task message',
'PX Deq: Execution Msg', 'KXFQ: kxfqdeq - normal deqeue',
'listen endpoint status','slave wait','wakeup time manager')
order by time_waited desc)
where rownum < 11 order by time_waited desc; -- SESSION/PROCESS REFERENCE: -- This section is very important for most of the above sections to find out -- which user/os_user/process is identified to which session/process. -- set numwidth 7 column event format a30 tru column program format a25 tru column username format a15 tru select p.inst_id, s.sid, s.serial#, p.pid, p.spid, p.program, s.username, p.username os_user, sw.event, sw.seconds_in_wait sec from gv$process p, gv$session s, gv$session_wait sw where (p.inst_id = s.inst_id and p.addr = s.paddr) and (s.inst_id = sw.inst_id and s.sid = sw.sid) order by p.inst_id, s.sid; -- SYSTEM STATISTICS: -- All System Stats with values of > 0. These can be referenced in the
-- Server Reference Manual
--
set numwidth 5
column name format a60 tru
column value format 9999999999999999999999999
select inst_id, name, value
from gv$sysstat
where value > 0
order by inst_id, name;
-- CURRENT SQL FOR WAITING SESSIONS:
-- Current SQL for any session in the WAITING SESSIONS list
--
set numwidth 5
column sql format a80 wra
select sw.inst_id, sw.sid, sw.seconds_in_wait sec, sa.sql_text sql
from gv$session_wait sw, gv$session s, gv$sqlarea sa
where sw.sid = s.sid (+)
and sw.inst_id = s.inst_id (+)
and s.sql_address = sa.address
and sw.event not in ('rdbms ipc message','smon timer','pmon timer',
'SQL*Net message from client','lock manager wait for remote message',
'ges remote message', 'gcs remote message', 'gcs for action', 'client message',
'pipe get', 'null event', 'PX Idle Wait', 'single-task message',
'PX Deq: Execution Msg', 'KXFQ: kxfqdeq - normal deqeue',
'listen endpoint status','slave wait','wakeup time manager')
and sw.seconds_in_wait > 0
order by sw.seconds_in_wait desc;
-- WAIT CHAINS
-- 11.x+ Only (This will not work in < v11
-- See Note 1428210.1 for instructions on interpreting.
set pages 1000
set lines 120
set heading off
column w_proc format a50 tru
column instance format a20 tru
column inst format a28 tru
column wait_event format a50 tru
column p1 format a16 tru
column p2 format a16 tru
column p3 format a15 tru
column seconds format a50 tru
column sincelw format a50 tru
column blocker_proc format a50 tru
column waiters format a50 tru
column chain_signature format a100 wra
column blocker_chain format a100 wra
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT 'Current Process: '||osid W_PROC, 'SID '||i.instance_name INSTANCE,
'INST #: '||instance INST,'Blocking Process: '||decode(blocker_osid,null,'',blocker_osid)||
' from Instance '||blocker_instance BLOCKER_PROC,'Number of waiters: '||num_waiters waiters,
'Wait Event: ' ||wait_event_text wait_event, 'P1: '||p1 p1, 'P2: '||p2 p2, 'P3: '||p3 p3,
'Seconds in Wait: '||in_wait_secs Seconds, 'Seconds Since Last Wait: '||time_since_last_wait_secs sincelw,
'Wait Chain: '||chain_id ||': '||chain_signature chain_signature,'Blocking Wait Chain: '||decode(blocker_chain_id,null,
'',blocker_chain_id) blocker_chain
FROM v$wait_chains wc,
v$instance i
WHERE wc.instance = i.instance_number (+)
AND ( num_waiters > 0
OR ( blocker_osid IS NOT NULL
AND in_wait_secs > 10 ) )
ORDER BY chain_id,
num_waiters DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM < 101;
-- Taking Hang Analyze dumps
-- This may take a little while...
oradebug setmypid
oradebug unlimit
oradebug -g all hanganalyze 3
-- This part may take the longest, you can monitor bdump or udump to see
-- if the file is being generated.
oradebug -g all dump systemstate 258
set echo off
select to_char(sysdate) time from dual;
spool off
-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prompt;
Prompt racdiag output files have been written to:;
Prompt;
host pwd
Prompt alert log and trace files are located in:;
column host_name format a12 tru
column name format a20 tru
column value format a60 tru
select distinct i.host_name, p.name, p.value
from gv$instance i, gv$parameter p
where p.inst_id = i.inst_id (+)
and p.name like '%_dump_dest'
and p.name != 'core_dump_dest';
v$wait_chains
從oracle11gr1開始,dia0后臺進程開始收集Hang分析信息并存儲在內(nèi)存中的"hang analysis cache"中.它會每3秒鐘收集一次本地的Hang分析和第10秒鐘收集一次全局(rac)Hang分析信息.這些信息在出現(xiàn)Hang時提供快速查看Hang鏈表的方法.
存儲在"hang analysiz cache"中的數(shù)據(jù)對于診斷數(shù)據(jù)庫競爭和Hang是非常有效的
有許多數(shù)據(jù)庫功能可以利用Hang分析緩存:Hang Management, Resource Manager Idle Blocker Kill,
SQL Tune Hang Avoidance和PMON清除以及外部工具象Procwatcher
下面是oracle11gr2中v$wait_chains視圖的描述:
SQL> desc v$wait_chains
Name Null Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------
CHAIN_ID NUMBER
CHAIN_IS_CYCLE VARCHAR2(5)
CHAIN_SIGNATURE VARCHAR2(801)
CHAIN_SIGNATURE_HASH NUMBER
INSTANCE NUMBER
OSID VARCHAR2(25)
PID NUMBER
SID NUMBER
SESS_SERIAL# NUMBER
BLOCKER_IS_VALID VARCHAR2(5)
BLOCKER_INSTANCE NUMBER
BLOCKER_OSID VARCHAR2(25)
BLOCKER_PID NUMBER
BLOCKER_SID NUMBER
BLOCKER_SESS_SERIAL# NUMBER
BLOCKER_CHAIN_ID NUMBER
IN_WAIT VARCHAR2(5)
TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_SECS NUMBER
WAIT_ID NUMBER
WAIT_EVENT NUMBER
WAIT_EVENT_TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
P1 NUMBER
P1_TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
P2 NUMBER
P2_TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
P3 NUMBER
P3_TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
IN_WAIT_SECS NUMBER
TIME_REMAINING_SECS NUMBER
NUM_WAITERS NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_OBJ# NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_FILE# NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_ROW# NUMBER
注意:v$wait_chains等價于gv$視圖可能在rac環(huán)境中報告多個實例
使用sql來查詢基本信息
SQL> SELECT chain_id, num_waiters, in_wait_secs, osid, blocker_osid, substr(wait_event_text,1,30)
FROM v$wait_chains; 2
CHAIN_ID NUM_WAITERS IN_WAIT_SECS OSID BLOCKER_OSID SUBSTR(WAIT_EVENT_TEXT,1,30)
---------- ----------- ------------ -------------- ------------------------- -----------------------------
1 0 10198 21045 21044 enq: TX - row lock contention
1 1 10214 21044 SQL*Net message from client
查詢top 100 wait chain processs
set pages 1000
set lines 120
set heading off
column w_proc format a50 tru
column instance format a20 tru
column inst format a28 tru
column wait_event format a50 tru
column p1 format a16 tru
column p2 format a16 tru
column p3 format a15 tru
column Seconds format a50 tru
column sincelw format a50 tru
column blocker_proc format a50 tru
column waiters format a50 tru
column chain_signature format a100 wra
column blocker_chain format a100 wra
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT 'Current Process: '||osid W_PROC, 'SID '||i.instance_name INSTANCE,
'INST #: '||instance INST,'Blocking Process: '||decode(blocker_osid,null,'',blocker_osid)||
' from Instance '||blocker_instance BLOCKER_PROC,'Number of waiters: '||num_waiters waiters,
'Wait Event: ' ||wait_event_text wait_event, 'P1: '||p1 p1, 'P2: '||p2 p2, 'P3: '||p3 p3,
'Seconds in Wait: '||in_wait_secs Seconds, 'Seconds Since Last Wait: '||time_since_last_wait_secs sincelw,
'Wait Chain: '||chain_id ||': '||chain_signature chain_signature,'Blocking Wait Chain: '||decode(blocker_chain_id,null,
'',blocker_chain_id) blocker_chain
FROM v$wait_chains wc,
v$instance i
WHERE wc.instance = i.instance_number (+)
AND ( num_waiters > 0
OR ( blocker_osid IS NOT NULL
AND in_wait_secs > 10 ) )
ORDER BY chain_id,
num_waiters DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM < 101;
Current Process:21549 SID RAC1 INST #: 1
Blocking Process: from Instance Number of waiters:1
Wait Event:SQL*Net message from client P1: 1650815232 P2: 1 P3:0
Seconds in Wait:36 Seconds Since Last Wait:
Wait Chaing:1 : 'SQL*Net message from client '< ='enq: TX - row lock contention'
Blocking Wait Chain:
Current Process:25627 SID RAC1 INST #: 1
Blocking Process:21549 from Instance 1 Number of waiters:0
Wait Event:enq: TX - row lock contention P1:1415053318 P2: 524316 P3:50784
Seconds in Wait:22 Seconds Since Last Wait:
Wait Chain:1 : 'SQL*Net message from client '< ='enq: TX - row lock contention'
Blocking Wait Chain:
ospid 25627正等待一個TX lock正被ospid 21549所阻塞
ospid 21549正空閑等待'SQL*Net message from client'
在oracle11gr2中的最終阻塞會話
在oracle11gr2中可能將v$session.final_blocking_session看作是最終的阻塞者.最終的阻會話/進程在top等待鏈表上.
這些會話/進程可能是造成問題的原因.
set pages 1000
set lines 120
set heading off
column w_proc format a50 tru
column instance format a20 tru
column inst format a28 tru
column wait_event format a50 tru
column p1 format a16 tru
column p2 format a16 tru
column p3 format a15 tru
column Seconds format a50 tru
column sincelw format a50 tru
column blocker_proc format a50 tru
column fblocker_proc format a50 tru
column waiters format a50 tru
column chain_signature format a100 wra
column blocker_chain format a100 wra
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT 'Current Process: '||osid W_PROC, 'SID '||i.instance_name INSTANCE,
'INST #: '||instance INST,'Blocking Process: '||decode(blocker_osid,null,'',blocker_osid)||
' from Instance '||blocker_instance BLOCKER_PROC,
'Number of waiters: '||num_waiters waiters,
'Final Blocking Process: '||decode(p.spid,null,'',
p.spid)||' from Instance '||s.final_blocking_instance FBLOCKER_PROC,
'Program: '||p.program image,
'Wait Event: ' ||wait_event_text wait_event, 'P1: '||wc.p1 p1, 'P2: '||wc.p2 p2, 'P3: '||wc.p3 p3,
'Seconds in Wait: '||in_wait_secs Seconds, 'Seconds Since Last Wait: '||time_since_last_wait_secs sincelw,
'Wait Chain: '||chain_id ||': '||chain_signature chain_signature,'Blocking Wait Chain: '||decode(blocker_chain_id,null,
'',blocker_chain_id) blocker_chain
FROM v$wait_chains wc,
gv$session s,
gv$session bs,
gv$instance i,
gv$process p
WHERE wc.instance = i.instance_number (+)
AND (wc.instance = s.inst_id (+) and wc.sid = s.sid (+)
and wc.sess_serial# = s.serial# (+))
AND (s.final_blocking_instance = bs.inst_id (+) and s.final_blocking_session = bs.sid (+))
AND (bs.inst_id = p.inst_id (+) and bs.paddr = p.addr (+))
AND ( num_waiters > 0
OR ( blocker_osid IS NOT NULL
AND in_wait_secs > 10 ) )
ORDER BY chain_id,
num_waiters DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM < 101;
Current Process:2309 SID RAC1 INST #: 1
Blocking Process: from Instance Number of waiters:2
Wait Event:SQL*Net message from client P1: 1650815232 P2: 1 P3:0
Seconds in Wait:157 Seconds Since Last Wait:
Wait Chaing:1 : 'SQL*Net message from client '< ='enq: TM - contention'<='enq: TM - contention'
Blocking Wait Chain:
Current Process:2395 SID RAC1 INST #: 1
Blocking Process:2309 from Instance 1 Number of waiters:0
Final Block Process:2309 from Instance 1 Program: oracle@racdbe1.us.oracle.com (TNS V1-V3)
Wait Event:enq: TX - contention P1:1415053318 P2: 524316 P3:50784
Seconds in Wait:139 Seconds Since Last Wait:
Wait Chain:1 : 'SQL*Net message from client '< ='enq: TM - contention'<='enq: TM - contention'
Blocking Wait Chain:
B.對數(shù)據(jù)庫性能生成一個awr/statspack快照
C.收集最新的RDA
最新的RDA提供了大量額外關于數(shù)據(jù)庫配置和性能度量的信息可以用來檢測可能影響性能的熱點的后臺進程問題
有時數(shù)據(jù)庫不是真正的被hang住可是只是'spinning' cpu.可以使用以下方法來檢查服務器是hang還是spin如果一個操作執(zhí)行的時間比期待的時間長或者這個操作損害了其它操作的性能時那么最好是檢查v$session_wait視圖.這個視圖顯示了在系統(tǒng)中會話當前正在等待的信息.可以使用下面的腳本來操作.
column sid format 990
column seq# format 99990
column wait_time heading 'WTime' format 99990
column event format a30
column p1 format 9999999990
column p2 format 9999999990
column p3 format 9990
select sid,event,seq#,p1,p2,p3,wait_time
from V$session_wait
order by sid
/
上面的查詢最少應該執(zhí)行三次并比較其它查詢結(jié)果
列意思
sid-- 會話的系統(tǒng)標識符
seq#--序列號.當一個特定會話的等待一個新的事件時這個數(shù)字會增加.它能告訴你一個會話是否正在執(zhí)行
evnet--會話正在等待的或最后等待的操作
p1,p2,p3--它們代表不同的等待值
wait_time--0指示這個會話正在等待的事件.非0指示這個會話最后等待的事件和會話正使用CPU
例如:
SID EVENT SEQ# P1 P2 P3 WTime
---- ------------------------------ ------ ----------- ----------- ----- ------
1 pmon timer 335 300 0 0 0
2 rdbms ipc message 779 300 0 0 0
6 smon timer 74 300 0 0 0
9 Null event 347 0 300 0 0
16 SQL*Net message from client 1064 1650815315 1 0 -1
如果腳本查詢的結(jié)果顯示正在等待一個enqueue等待事件那么你將需要檢查與你hang會話相關的鎖信息
column sid format 990
column type format a2
column id1 format 9999999990
column id2 format 9999999990
column Lmode format 990
column request format 990
select * from v$lock
/
Spinning
在spin的情況下事件通常來說是靜態(tài)的且會話不會是正在等待一個事件--而是在等待cpu(注意在極少數(shù)情況下,這個事件依賴于執(zhí)行spin的代碼也可能不會靜態(tài)的.如果會自豪感是spin它將嚴重使用cpu和內(nèi)存資源.
對于一個spin的情況重要的是要檢測會話正處于spinning的代碼.從事件的一些跡象說明通常需要對一個進程生成幾次的錯誤堆棧信息用來分析:
connect sys/sys as sysdba
oradebug setospid
oradebug unlimit
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug dump errorstack 3
oradebug dump errorstack 3
這里的spid是操作系統(tǒng)標識符可以從v$process視圖是得到.
Hanging
在正常的情況下在v$session_wait視圖中的值應該是用每個會話執(zhí)行的不同操作來替換.
在hang住的情況下對于一個或一組特定會話的所有系統(tǒng)事件將會是保持靜態(tài)狀態(tài)且進程不會消耗任何cpu和內(nèi)存資源.鑒于會話現(xiàn)在沒有請求鎖定任何資源這就叫hang
在這種情況下可對實例轉(zhuǎn)儲系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)來獲得一些更詳細更有用的信息.
ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS 'IMMEDIATE TRACE NAME SYSTEMSTATE LEVEL XX';
在oralce9.2.0.6或oracle10.1.0.4或在oracle10g中最高的版本的中這里的xx是266.執(zhí)行上面的命令在你的user_dump_dest目錄中會生成系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)跟蹤文件.
通過下面的查詢可以得到問題進程的進程ID
SELECT pid FROM v$process
WHERE addr =
(SELECT paddr FROM v$session
WHERE sid = sid_of_problem_session);
系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)儲文件包含了每一個進程的信息.可以通過搜索'PROCESS '來找到每一個進程的詳細信息.通過搜索'waiting for'來找到當前正在等待的事件.
總結(jié)
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的oracle数据库延迟执行,如何诊断oracle数据库运行缓慢或hang住的问题的全部內(nèi)容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
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