mysql總共有三種安裝方式，源代碼安裝，二進(jìn)制安裝和源安裝。這次寫(xiě)的是二進(jìn)制安裝，對(duì)其他兩種方式不予討論。

關(guān)閉selinux和防火墻

上課的時(shí)候，老師說(shuō)過(guò)這是重中之重，一定要先關(guān)閉selinux和iptables。如果不關(guān)閉這兩個(gè)，可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)莫名其妙的錯(cuò)誤，所以還是關(guān)閉的好。

[root@mysql_master mysql]# vi /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

SELINUX=disabled

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

# mls - Multi Level Security protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

把SELINUX賦值為disabled就可以了,修改文件以后，是需要重啟的。再用getenforce來(lái)查看是否修改成功。

[root@mysql_master mysql]# getenforce

Disabled

先臨時(shí)關(guān)閉防火墻，再永久關(guān)閉防火墻

[root@mysql_master mysql]# service iptables stop

iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]

iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]

iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]

[root@mysql_master mysql]# chkconfig iptables off

下載mysql二進(jìn)制安裝包

安裝mysql之前首先就要確定自己想要用什么分支什么版本的mysql了，這里我使用的mysql官方的5.6.29版本.這里還有別的選擇，例如percona分支和mariadb分支。好多人都推薦percona分支。

[root@mysql_master Downloads]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

下載完是這樣一個(gè)文件

[root@mysql_master Downloads]# ls

mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

創(chuàng)建用戶，組和data目錄

因?yàn)橹皇菫榱藢W(xué)習(xí)安裝。所以沒(méi)有創(chuàng)建其他的目錄，只是一個(gè)data目錄。創(chuàng)建mysql用戶并不是為了登錄主機(jī)的，而是單純?yōu)榱私o目錄和文件賦權(quán)限，表明這些是mysql用戶的，所以在創(chuàng)建用戶的使用使用了-r，-s /bin/false 來(lái)防止某些人使用這個(gè)用戶登錄主機(jī)。

[root@mysql_master]# groupadd mysql

[root@mysql_master]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

[root@mysql_master]# cd /

[root@mysql_master]# mkdir data

[root@mysql_master]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data

解壓mysql二進(jìn)制壓縮文件，并且初始化data目錄

解壓mysql二進(jìn)制壓縮文件到安裝目錄，我選擇/opt/mysql，你可以選擇其他的,還要先修改一個(gè)mysql配置文件，并且進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的配置。解壓縮出來(lái)的目錄里面有這個(gè)文件的范本的。只需要拷貝和修改一下就可以了。我的配置范本在/opt/mysql/support-files下面，文件名為my-default.cnf，修改一下，并且cp到/etc/my.cnf

[root@mysql_master Downloads]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@mysql_master Downloads]# cp -a mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /opt/mysql

[root@mysql_master Downloads]# cd /opt/mysql/support-files

[root@mysql_master support-files]# vi ./my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

把文件配置成為下面這樣就可以了，當(dāng)然這是最簡(jiǎn)單的配置，只是為了演示安裝而已。配置項(xiàng)為basedir，datadir，user三項(xiàng)。

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the

# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you

# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.

basedir = /opt/mysql

datadir = /data

user = /data

# port = .....

# server_id = .....

# socket = .....

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[root@mysql_master support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

初始化/data目錄

[root@mysql_master mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file = /etc/my.cnf

啟動(dòng)mysql，進(jìn)行連接測(cè)試

[root@mysql_master mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file = /etc/my.cnf &

[root@mysql_master mysql]# ./bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.6.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

到這里，mysql的二進(jìn)制安裝就全部結(jié)束了。

總結(jié)

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