#coding=utf-8 print('中國人') """ Python 保留字：and, exec, not, assert, finally, or, break, for, pass, class, from, print, continue, global, raise, def, if, return, del, import, try, elif, in, while, else, is, with, except, lambda, yield """ """ :type """ counter = 100 #賦值整型變量 miles = 1000 #浮點型 name = "alan" #字符串 print(counter + miles) a = b = c = 1 print(a) str = "hello word!" print(str * 2)#字符串輸出次數 print(str + "test") #輸出連接的字符串 print("str[:4]" + str[:4]) print("str[0:4]" + str[0:4]) print("str[:-1]" + str[:-1]) # print("str[-1:0]" + str[-6:-3]) tuple = ( 'runoob', 786 , 2.23, 'john', 70.2 ) tinytuple = (123, 'john') print(tuple + tinytuple) #tuple[2] = 1000 #元組是不允許更新的，而列表是允許更新的 ''' python中標準的數字類型有以下五種： 一.數字 Numberpython支持四種不同的數字類型：1.int 2.float 3.complex (復數：3 + 4j) 二.字符串 Stringstr = "hello word!" 三.列表 List：有序的對象集合list = [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] 四.元組 Tuple:用()標識，內部元素用逗號隔開，但是元組不同二次賦值，相當于只讀列表tuple = ( 'a', 'b', 'c') 五.字典 ''' print("-------------") dict = {} dict['one'] = 'this is one' dict['two'] = 'this is two' tinydict = {'name': 'alan','num': 6379, 'flag': 'true'} print(dict['one']) keys = tinydict.keys(); ''' 注意：python輸出用逗號‘,’分隔，'+'表示的是字符串連接，會報類型轉換錯誤 ''' for key in keys:print("->:", tinydict[key]) print("values: ",tinydict.values() )print("-------------") a = 2 b = 3 c = a ** b # a 的 b 次冪 c1 = a * b print("運算: ", c) print('%.3f' %(b/2)) #帶小數點 print(b/3) #取整除 x = 1 y = -1 print(x == y) print("邏輯運算符") x = True y = False print(x and y) print(x or y) print(not x) print("成員運算符") a = 1 myList = [1, 2, 3, 4] print(a in myList) #x在序列中 b = -1 print(b not in myList) #b不在序列中 print("python 身份運算符") #用于比較兩個對象的存儲單元 is or not is a = 201 b = 20 print(id(a),"-",id(b)) #id函數，用來返回對象地址print("循環語句") numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4] even = [] odd = [] while len(numbers) > 0 :number = numbers.pop()print("number = ", number, " len = ", len(numbers))if(number % 2 == 0):even.append(number)else:odd.append(number) print("奇數: ", odd) print("偶數：", even) print("---------") for letter in 'python':print("當前字母： ", letter) names = ['alan', 'dream', 'zuora'] for index in range(len(names)): #按照索引輸出print(names[index]) print("pass 語句") #pass 是空語句，為了保持程序結構的完整性 for letter in 'python':if letter == 'h':passprint("這是 pass 塊")print("當前字母: ", letter) print("查看包中內容") import math print(dir(math)) import cmath print(dir(cmath)) print(cmath.pi) print("字符串的內建函數") str = 'hello word' str1 = 'word' print(str.capitalize()) #首字母大寫 print(str.count(str1)) #str1在str中出現的次數 str = str.encode('gb2312') #編碼 print(str) str = str.decode('gb2312') #解碼 print(str) print("檢測字符串中是否包含子字符串") print(str.find("word")) print("文件IO") # str = input("請輸入： ") # print("內容： " + str) print("讀取文件") file_name = "test.txt" f = open(file_name, "r+", encoding= "utf-8") # cnt = f.read() # print(cnt) # f.readline()#讀取一行 lines = f.readlines() # print("lines: ", lines) # for line in lines: # print("一行行讀取: ", line) # f.close() # del f print("寫入文件") f = open(file_name, 'a+', encoding='utf-8') f.writelines(lines) f.close() print("異常處理") try:f = open(file_name, 'w', encoding='utf-8')f.write("這是一個測試文件，用于測試異常") except IOError:print("Error: 沒有找到文件或讀取文件失敗") else:print("寫入成功") try:1 / 0 except ZeroDivisionError:print("除數不能為零") #zip() 函數用于將可迭代的對象作為參數，將對象中對應的元素打包成一個個元組，然后返回由這些元組組成的列表 my_list = [1, 'zuora', 3, 'alam'] my_list1 = [2, 'dream'] my_list2 = [3, 'alan'] zipped = zip(my_list, my_list1, my_list2) for dict_ in zipped:print(dict_) from People import People p1 = People(1, 'alan') p2 = People(2, 'dream') p3 = People(3, 'zuora') people_list = [p1, p2, p3] zipped = zip(people_list) for dict_ in zipped:print(dict_)

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