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Django（九）admin相关知识

發布時間：2024/8/24 编程问答 43 如意码农

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https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/6083427.htm

https://www.cnblogs.com/haiyan123/p/8034430.html

Django admin ：關于數據庫的一個后臺管理工具

　　admin是django強大功能之一，它能共從數據庫中讀取數據，呈現在頁面中，進行管理。默認情況下，它的功能已經非常強大，如果你不需要復雜的功能，

它已經夠用，但是有時候，一些特殊的功能還需要定制，比如搜索功能，下面這一系列文章就逐步深入介紹如何定制適合自己的admin應用。

如果你覺得英文界面不好用，可以在setting.py 文件中修改以下選項

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'  #LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

一認識ModelAdmin

管理界面的定制類，如需擴展特定的model界面需從該類繼承。

二注冊medel類到admin的兩種方式：

<1> 使用register的方法

admin.site.register(Book,MyAdmin)

　　<2> 使用register的裝飾器

@admin.register(Book)

三掌握一些常用的設置技巧

list_display: 指定要顯示的字段
search_fields: 指定搜索的字段
list_filter: 指定列表過濾器
ordering：指定排序字段

from django.contrib import admin

from app01.models import *

# Register your models here.

# @admin.register(Book)#----->單給某個表加一個定制

class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ("title","price","publisher")

    search_fields = ("title","publisher")

    list_filter = ("publisher",)

    ordering = ("price",)

    fieldsets =[

        (None,               {'fields': ['title']}),

        ('price information', {'fields': ['price',"publisher"], 'classes': ['collapse']}),

    ]

admin.site.register(Book,MyAdmin)

admin.site.register(Publish)

admin.site.register(Author)

創建超級管理員

python manage.py createsuperuser

登陸admin

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Book(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    price = models.IntegerField()

    pub_date = models.DateField()

    publish = models.ForeignKey("Publish",on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    authors = models.ManyToManyField("Author")

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

class Publish(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    city = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    age = models.IntegerField()

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

# class Book_Author(models.Model):

#     book = models.ForeignKey("Book", on_delete=models.CASCADE)

#     author = models.ForeignKey("Author", on_delete=models.CASCADE)

models

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from app import models

# Register your models here.

admin.site.register(models.Book)

admin.site.register(models.Publish)

admin.site.register(models.Author)

自定義admin樣式

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin

from app import models

# Register your models here.

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

admin.site.register(models.Book,BookAdmin)

admin.site.register(models.Publish)

admin.site.register(models.Author)

注意：list_display不可以加多對多的關系

此時price,pub_date不可以直接在頁面上edit，需要點擊書名進入修改頁面，若想直接修改，需要再加一個字段

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

    list_editable = ('price','pub_date')

增加字段選擇author， filter_horizontal

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

    list_editable = ('price','pub_date')

    filter_horizontal = ('authors',)

list_per_page

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

    list_editable = ('price','pub_date')

    filter_horizontal = ('authors',)

    list_per_page = 2

search_fields

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

    list_editable = ('price','pub_date')

    filter_horizontal = ('authors',)

    list_per_page = 2

    search_fields = ('name','id','publish__name')

list_filter

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

    list_editable = ('price','pub_date')

    filter_horizontal = ('authors',)

    list_per_page = 2

    search_fields = ('name','id','publish__name')

    list_filter = ('pub_date','publish')

verbose_name

class Book(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name="姓名")

    price = models.IntegerField("價格")

    pub_date = models.DateField()

    publish = models.ForeignKey("Publish",on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    authors = models.ManyToManyField("Author")

ording

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('name','price','pub_date')

    list_editable = ('price','pub_date')

    filter_horizontal = ('authors',)

    # list_per_page = 2

    search_fields = ('name','id','publish__name')

    list_filter = ('pub_date','publish')

    ordering = ('-price',) # 加"-"倒序

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