DUL使用
前陣子同事Wayne使用DUL恢復了被我刪除的同義詞，體現了DUL的用武之地。這方面的介紹在網絡上有很多文檔。我也看看如何使用DUL從數據文件中抽取紀錄。
DUL的過程大致如下：
1）從系統表空間中抽取數據字典，包括最基本的對象OBJ$,TAB$,COL$,USER$，和數據段，區間的分配地址(Map)
2）抽取對象紀錄。根據步驟1）中得到的數據字典和存儲Map定位物理塊，讀取紀錄
3）將抽取的紀錄以導出文件或者SQL*Loader文件保存
---------------------------------------------------
--- init.dul 參數配置文件
----------------------------------------------------
osd_big_endian_flag=false
osd_dba_file_bits=10
osd_c_struct_alignment=32
osd_file_leader_size=1
osd_word_size = 32
dc_columns=2000000
dc_tables=10000
dc_objects=1000000
dc_users=400
dc_segments=100000
control_file = c:Newfolderdulcontrol.dul
db_block_size=8192
export_mode=false
COMPATIBLE=9
LDR_PHYS_REC_SIZE =0
--------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------
--- control.dul 控制文件，記錄文件的路徑
--- from "select ts#, rfile#, name from v$datafile;"
----------------------------------------------------
0 1 c:NewFolderdulsystem01.dbf
--------------------------------------------------
運行dul.exe
C:NewFolderdul>dul dictv8.ddl
Data UnLoader 9.1.1.0.0 - Internal Use Only - on Tue Jan 17 13:57:04 2006
with 64-bit io functions
Copyright (c) 1994/2001 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.
Parameter altered
Parameter altered
Parameter altered
Parameter altered
. unloading table OBJ$ 30189 rows unloaded
. unloading table TAB$ 910 rows unloaded
. unloading table COL$ 35225 rows unloaded
. unloading table USER$ 65 rows unloaded
exit and restart DUL to load the first four dictionary tables in the cache
OPTIONALLY for partitioned tables, indexes or lobs or for MIGRATED
use bootstrap procedure
for full bootstrap start with the following commands:
scan database;
bootstrap; (and follow the instructions)
DUL從system表空間中抽取數據字典信息(OBJ$,TAB$,COL$,USER$ automatically).
C:NewFolderdul>dul
Data UnLoader 9.1.1.0.0 - Internal Use Only - on Tue Jan 17 13:57:53 2006
with 64-bit io functions
Copyright (c) 1994/2001 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dul.log"
Loaded 65 entries from USER.dat
DUL: Error: File OBJ.dat, line 1: token missing
DUL: Warning: Ignoring file OBJ.dat cache
Loaded 910 entries from TAB.dat
Loaded 35225 entries from COL.dat
DUL> scan database;
tablespace 0, data file 1: 52479 blocks scanned
Loaded 1445 entries from EXT.dat
Sorted 1445 entries
Loaded 1083 entries from SEG.dat
Loaded 1 entries from COMPATSEG.dat
Scan database抽取數據段和區間的分布(map)信息
DUL> bootstrap;
Compatibility segment found at file = 1, block = 417
database version 9 bootstrap$ at file 1, block 377
. unloading table BOOTSTRAP$ 57 rows unloaded
Loaded 57 entries from BOOTSTRAP.dat
Parsing Bootstrap$ contents
Generating dict.ddl for version 9
OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1
TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1
COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1
USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1
Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables
. unloading table OBJ$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "OBJ.ctl"
30189 rows unloaded
. unloading table TAB$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "TAB.ctl"
910 rows unloaded
. unloading table COL$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "COL.ctl"
35225 rows unloaded
. unloading table USER$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "USER.ctl"
65 rows unloaded
Loaded 65 entries from USER.dat
Loaded 30189 entries from OBJ.dat
Loaded 910 entries from TAB.dat
Loaded 35225 entries from COL.dat
Loaded 1083 entries from SEG.dat
Loaded 1445 entries from EXT.dat
Sorted 1445 entries
Loaded 1 entries from COMPATSEG.dat
Loaded 57 entries from BOOTSTRAP.dat
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "dict.ddl"
Generating dict.ddl for version 9
OBJ$: segobjno 18, file 1
TAB$: segobjno 2, tabno 1, file 1
COL$: segobjno 2, tabno 5, file 1
USER$: segobjno 10, tabno 1, file 1
TABPART$: segobjno 230, file 1
TABCOMPART$: segobjno 249, file 1
TABSUBPART$: segobjno 240, file 1
IND$: segobjno 2, tabno 3, file 1
ICOL$: segobjno 2, tabno 4, file 1
LOB$: segobjno 2, tabno 6, file 1
Running generated file "@dict.ddl" to unload the dictionary tables
. unloading table OBJ$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "OBJ.ctl"
30189 rows unloaded
. unloading table TAB$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "TAB.ctl"
910 rows unloaded
. unloading table COL$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "COL.ctl"
35225 rows unloaded
. unloading table USER$
DUL: Warning: Recreating file "USER.ctl"
65 rows unloaded
. unloading table TABPART$ 55 rows unloaded
. unloading table TABCOMPART$ 0 rows unloaded
. unloading table TABSUBPART$ 0 rows unloaded
. unloading table IND$ 1383 rows unloaded
. unloading table ICOL$ 1947 rows unloaded
. unloading table LOB$ 370 rows unloaded
Loaded 65 entries from USER.dat
Loaded 30189 entries from OBJ.dat
Loaded 910 entries from TAB.dat
Loaded 35225 entries from COL.dat
Loaded 1083 entries from SEG.dat
Loaded 1445 entries from EXT.dat
Sorted 1445 entries
Loaded 55 entries from TABPART.dat
Loaded 0 entries from TABCOMPART.dat
Loaded 0 entries from TABSUBPART.dat
Loaded 1383 entries from IND.dat
DUL: Warning: Increased the size of DC_LOBS from 100 to 1024 entries
Loaded 370 entries from LOB.dat
Loaded 1947 entries from ICOL.dat
Loaded 1 entries from COMPATSEG.dat
Loaded 57 entries from BOOTSTRAP.dat
bootstrap 似乎作了同樣的事情，抽取數據字典記錄和數據段，區間信息等
還需要抽取sys.sys$ 才能找到丟失的同義詞
DUL> unload table sys.syn$;
. unloading table SYN$ 11561 rows unloaded
DUL> exit
Life is DUL without it
使用SQL*loader就可以導入這些數據了sys.user$,sys.obj$,sys.syn$.
SQL> SELECT TEXT from dba_views where view_name='DBA_SYNONYMS';
TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
select u.name, o.name, s.owner, s.name, s.node
from sys.user$ u, sys.syn$ s, sys.obj$ o
where o.obj# = s.obj#
and o.type# = 5
and o.owner# = u.user#
在這個例子中，使用DUL要比作TSPTR要快。
?
轉：http://nitar.blog.163.com/blog/static/2863879201022613438593/ 首先編輯一個init.dul文件，然后，制作一個control.dul文件，例如：（以下為nt的例子）
init.dul的例子：
osd_big_endian_flag=false
osd_dba_file_bits=10
osd_c_struct_alignment=32
osd_file_leader_size=1
osd_word_size = 32
dc_columns=2000000
dc_tables=10000
dc_objects=1000000
dc_users=1024
dc_segments=100000
db_block_size = 8192
export_mode=true
compatible=9
control.dul的例子：
使用下面的方法生成一個control.dul:
C:\>sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期五 11月 5 11:05:44 2004
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.??All rights reserved.
SQL> conn lunar/lunar@test1 as sysdba
已連接到空閑例程。
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE 例程已經啟動。
Total System Global Area??101784276 bytes
Fixed Size? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? 453332 bytes
Variable Size? ?? ?? ?? ???75497472 bytes
Database Buffers? ?? ?? ???25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???667648 bytes
數據庫裝載完畢。
SQL> col name for a100
SQL> set linesize 1000
SQL> set pages 999
SQL> select ts#, rfile#, name from v$datafile;
? ?? ? TS#? ???RFILE# NAME
---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------
? ?? ?? ?0? ?? ?? ? 1 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\SYSTEM01.DBF
? ?? ?? ?1? ?? ?? ? 2 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\UNDOTBS01.DBF
? ?? ?? ?3? ?? ?? ? 3 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\INDX01.DBF
? ?? ?? ?4? ?? ?? ? 4 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\USERS01.DBF
然后用上面的信息編輯一個control.dul文件，內容如下：
? ?? ?? ?0? ?? ?? ? 1 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\SYSTEM01.DBF
? ?? ?? ?1? ?? ?? ? 2 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\UNDOTBS01.DBF
? ?? ?? ?3? ?? ?? ? 3 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\INDX01.DBF
? ?? ?? ?4? ?? ?? ? 4 D:\ORACLE92\ORADATA\TEST1\USERS01.DBF
然后就可以導數據了，首先用bootstrap命令初始化，然后用unload導數據，可以按database， user,? ?table方式來做，呵呵
導出方式用exp的方式會快一點，但是如果有lob字段則只能用sqlloader的方式來做了，呵呵
轉載自：http://www.itpub.net/thread-284621-1-1.html
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