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导入导出 Oracle 分区表数据

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--****************************

--?導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出?Oracle?分區(qū)表數(shù)據(jù)

--****************************

???

????導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)入Oracle?分區(qū)表數(shù)據(jù)是Oracle DBA?經(jīng)常完成的任務(wù)之一。分區(qū)表的導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出同樣普通表的導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出方式，只不過導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出需要考

慮到分區(qū)的特殊性，如分區(qū)索引，將分區(qū)遷移到普通表，或使用原始分區(qū)表導(dǎo)入到新的分區(qū)表。下面將描述使用imp/exp，impdp/expdp導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出

分區(qū)表數(shù)據(jù)。

????有關(guān)分區(qū)表的特性請(qǐng)參考：?

????????Oracle?分區(qū)表

????????SQL server 2005?切換分區(qū)表

????????SQL server 2005?基于已存在的表創(chuàng)建分區(qū)

????有關(guān)導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出工具請(qǐng)參考：

????????數(shù)據(jù)泵EXPDP?導(dǎo)出工具的使用

????????數(shù)據(jù)泵IMPDP?導(dǎo)入工具的使用

????有關(guān)導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出的官方文檔請(qǐng)參考：

????????Original Export and Import?????

一、分區(qū)級(jí)別的導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出

????可以導(dǎo)出一個(gè)或多個(gè)分區(qū)，也可以導(dǎo)出所有分區(qū)(即整個(gè)表)。

????可以導(dǎo)入所有分區(qū)(即整個(gè)表)，一個(gè)或多個(gè)分區(qū)以及子分區(qū)。

????對(duì)于已經(jīng)存在數(shù)據(jù)的表，使用imp導(dǎo)入時(shí)需要使用參數(shù)IGNORE=y，而使用impdp，加table_exists_action=append | replace?參數(shù)。

二、創(chuàng)建演示環(huán)境

????1.查看當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的版本

????????SQL>?select?*?from?v$version?where?rownum?<?2;

????????BANNER

????????--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

????????Oracle?Database?11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0?-?Production

????2.創(chuàng)建一個(gè)分區(qū)表

????????SQL>?alter?session?set?nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd';

????????SQL>?CREATE?TABLE?tb_pt?(

????????sal_date???DATE?NOT?NULL,

????????sal_id NUMBER?NOT?NULL,

????????sal_row????NUMBER(12)?NOT?NULL)

????????partition?by?range(sal_date)

????????(

????????partition?sal_11?values?less than(to_date('2012-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'))?,

????????partition?sal_12?values?less than(to_date('2013-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'))?,

????????partition?sal_13?values?less than(to_date('2014-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'))?,

????????partition?sal_14?values?less than(to_date('2015-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'))?,

????????partition?sal_15?values?less than(to_date('2016-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'))?,

????????partition?sal_16?values?less than(to_date('2017-01-01','YYYY-MM-DD'))?,

????????partition?sal_other?values?less than?(maxvalue)

????????)?nologging;

????3.創(chuàng)建一個(gè)唯一索引

????????CREATE?UNIQUE?INDEX?tb_pt_ind1

????????ON?tb_pt(sal_date)?nologging;

???

????4.為分區(qū)表生成數(shù)據(jù)

????????SQL>?INSERT?INTO?tb_pt

????????SELECT?TRUNC(SYSDATE)+ROWNUM,?dbms_random.random,?ROWNUM

????????FROM?dual

????????CONNECT?BY?LEVEL<=5000;

????????SQL>?commit;

????????SQL>?select?count(1)?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_11);

??????????COUNT(1)

????????----------

???????????????300

????????SQL>?select?count(1)?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_other);

??????????COUNT(1)

????????----------

??????????????2873

????????SQL>?select?*?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_12)?where?rownum?<?3;

????????SAL_DATE??????SAL_ID????SAL_ROW

????????--------- ---------- ----------

????????01-JAN-12?-1.356E+09????????301

????????02-JAN-12?-761530183????????302

三、使用exp/imp導(dǎo)出導(dǎo)入分區(qū)表數(shù)據(jù)

????1.導(dǎo)出整個(gè)分區(qū)表

???

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?exp scott/tiger file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt.dmp' log='/u02/dmp/tb_pt.log' tables=tb_pt

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:52:18 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing o

????????Export done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

????????server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)

????????About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

????????. . exporting table??????????????????????????TB_PT

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_11????????300 rows exported

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_12????????366 rows exported

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_13????????365 rows exported

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_14????????365 rows exported

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_15????????365 rows exported

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_16????????366 rows exported

????????. . exporting partition??????????????????????SAL_OTHER???????2873 rows exported

????????EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics.

????????Export terminated successfully with warnings.

???????

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$ oerr exp 00091

????????00091, 00000, "Exporting questionable statistics."

????????// *Cause:??Export was able export statistics, but the statistics may not be

????????//??????????usuable. The statistics are questionable because one or more of

????????//??????????the following happened during export: a row error occurred, client

????????//??????????character set or NCHARSET does not match with the server, a query

????????//??????????clause was specified on export, only certain partitions or

????????//??????????subpartitions were exported, or a fatal error occurred while

????????//??????????processing a table.

????????// *Action: To export non-questionable statistics, change the client character

????????//??????????set or NCHARSET to match the server, export with no query clause,

????????//??????????export complete tables. If desired, import parameters can be

????????//??????????supplied so that only non-questionable statistics will be imported,

????????//??????????and all questionable statistics will be recalculated.

????????在上面的導(dǎo)出中出現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤提示，即EXP-00091，該錯(cuò)誤表明exp工具所在的環(huán)境變量中的NLS_LANG與DB中的NLS_CHARACTERSET不一致

????????盡管該錯(cuò)誤對(duì)最終的數(shù)據(jù)并無影響，但調(diào)整該參數(shù)來避免異常還是有必要的。因此需要將其設(shè)置為一致即可解決上述的錯(cuò)誤提示。

???????

????????SQL>?select?userenv('language')?from?dual;

????????USERENV('LANGUAGE')

????????----------------------------------------------------

????????AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$ export NLS_LANG='AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK'???

????????經(jīng)過上述設(shè)置之后再次導(dǎo)出正常，過程略。

????2.導(dǎo)出單個(gè)分區(qū)

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?exp scott/tiger file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt_sal_16.dmp' log='/u02/dmp/tb_pt_sal_16.log' tables=tb_pt:sal_16

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:52:38 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing o

????????Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

????????About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

????????. . exporting table??????????????????????????TB_PT

????????. . exporting partition?????????????????????????SAL_16????????366 rows exported

????????EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics.

????????Export terminated successfully with warnings

????????在上面的導(dǎo)出過程中再次出現(xiàn)了統(tǒng)計(jì)信息錯(cuò)誤的情況，因此采取了對(duì)該對(duì)象收集統(tǒng)計(jì)信息，但并不能解決該錯(cuò)誤，但在exp命令行中增

????????加statistics=none即可，如下：

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?exp scott/tiger file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt_sal_16.dmp' log='/u02/dmp/tb_pt_sal_16.log' /

????????> tables=tb_pt:sal_16 statistics=none

????????如果要導(dǎo)出多個(gè)分區(qū)，則在tables參數(shù)中增加分區(qū)數(shù)。如：tables=(tb_pt:sal_15,tb_pt:sal_16)

????3.使用imp工具生成創(chuàng)建分區(qū)表的DDL語句

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?imp scott/tiger tables=tb_pt indexfile='/u02/dmp/cr_tb_pt.sql' /

????????> file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt.dmp' ignore=y

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:54:38 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing o

????????Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

????????import done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

????????import server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_11"??????????????????

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_12"??????????????????

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_13"??????????????????

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_14"??????????????????

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_15"??????????????????

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_16"??????????????????

????????. . skipping partition "TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"???????????????

????????Import terminated successfully without warnings.

????4.導(dǎo)入單個(gè)分區(qū)(使用先前備份的單個(gè)分區(qū)導(dǎo)入文件)

????????SQL>?alter?table?tb_pt?truncate?partition?sal_16;???--導(dǎo)入前先將分區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)truncate

????????Table?truncated.

????????SQL>?select?count(1)?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_16);

??????????COUNT(1)

????????----------

?????????????????0

????????SQL>?ho imp scott/tiger tables=tb_pt:sal_16 file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt_sal_16.dmp' ignore=y

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:55:39 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing o

????????Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

????????import done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

????????import server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)

????????. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_16"

????????IMP-00058: ORACLE error 1502 encountered

????????ORA-01502: index 'SCOTT.TB_PT_IND1' or partition of such index is in unusable state

????????Import terminated successfully with warnings.

????????收到了ORA-01502錯(cuò)誤，下面查看索引的狀態(tài)，并對(duì)其重建索引后再執(zhí)行導(dǎo)入

????????SQL>?select?index_name?,status?from?dba_indexes?where?table_name='TB_PT';??--查看索引的狀態(tài)

????????INDEX_NAME?????????????????????STATUS

????????------------------------------ --------

????????TB_PT_IND1?????????????????????UNUSABLE

????????SQL>?alter?index?TB_PT_IND1?rebuild?online;????????????????--重建索引

????????Index?altered.

????????SQL>?ho imp scott/tiger tables=tb_pt:sal_16 file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt_sal_16.dmp' ignore=y??--再次導(dǎo)入成功

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:56:15 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing o

????????Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

????????import done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

????????import server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)

????????. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_16"????????366 rows imported

????????Import terminated successfully without warnings.

???????

????????SQL>?select?count(*)?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_16);

??????????COUNT(*)

????????----------

???????????????366

????5.導(dǎo)入整個(gè)表

????????SQL>?truncate?table?tb_pt;????--首先truncate?整個(gè)表

????????Table?truncated.

????????SQL>?ho imp scott/tiger tables=tb_pt file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt.dmp' ignore=y indexes=y

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:57:10 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing o

????????Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

????????import done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

????????import server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)

????????. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_11"????????298 rows imported

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_12"????????366 rows imported

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_13"????????365 rows imported

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_14"????????365 rows imported

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_15"????????365 rows imported

????????. . importing partition???????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_16"????????366 rows imported

????????. . importing partition????????????"TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"???????2875 rows imported

????????Import terminated successfully without warnings.

???????

????????SQL>?select?count(1)?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_other);

??????????COUNT(1)

????????----------

??????????????2875

四、使用expdp/impdb來實(shí)現(xiàn)分區(qū)表的導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出

????1.查看導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出的目錄設(shè)置

????????SQL>?select?directory_name,directory_path?from?dba_directories?where?directory_name='DMP';

????????DIRECTORY_NAME?????????????????DIRECTORY_PATH

????????------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------

????????DMP????????????????????????????/u02/dmp

????2.為分區(qū)表創(chuàng)建一個(gè)本地索引

????????create?index?tb_pt_local_idx

????????on?tb_pt(sal_id)

????????local

????????(partition?local1,

????????partition?local2,

????????partition?local3,

????????partition?local4,

????????partition?local5,

????????partition?local6,

????????partition?local7)

????????;

????3.導(dǎo)出整個(gè)表

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?expdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pb.log tables=tb_pt parallel=3

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:04:28 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

????????Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":??scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pb.log tables=

????????????tb_pt parallel=3??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

????????Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

????????Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 512 KB

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"?????????????????71.63 KB????2875 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_11"????????????????????12.54 KB?????298 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_12"????????????????????14.22 KB?????366 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_13"????????????????????14.18 KB?????365 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_14"????????????????????14.18 KB?????365 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_15"????????????????????14.19 KB?????365 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_16"????????????????????14.23 KB?????366 rows

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

????????Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

????????******************************************************************************

????????Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

??????????/u02/dmp/tb_pt.dmp

????????Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:04:51

????4.導(dǎo)出多個(gè)分區(qū)

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?expdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt.log /

????????> tables=(tb_pt:sal_16,tb_pt:sal_other) parallel=2

????????Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:08:06 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

????????Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":??scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt.log

????????????tables=(tb_pt:sal_16,tb_pt:sal_other) parallel=2????????????????????????--*/

????????Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

????????Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 192 KB

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"?????????????????71.63 KB????2875 rows

????????. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_16"????????????????????14.23 KB?????366 rows

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

????????Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

????????******************************************************************************

????????Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

??????????/u02/dmp/tb_pts.dmp

????????Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:08:17

????5.截?cái)喾謪^(qū)sal_other

????????SQL>?alter?table?tb_pt?truncate?partition(sal_other);

????????Table?truncated.

????????SQL>?select?count(*)?from?tb_pt?partition(sal_other);

??????????COUNT(*)

????????----------

?????????????????0

????????SQL>?select?index_name,status,partitioned?from?dba_indexes?where?table_name='TB_PT';?--查看索引的狀態(tài),?TB_PT_IND1不可用

????????INDEX_NAME?????????????????????STATUS???PAR

????????------------------------------ -------- ---

????????TB_PT_IND1?????????????????????UNUSABLE?NO

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????N/A??????YES

???????

????????SQL>?select?index_name?,partition_name,?status?from?dba_ind_partitions?where?index_owner='SCOTT';

???????

????????INDEX_NAME?????????????????????PARTITION_NAME?????????????????STATUS

????????------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL1?????????????????????????USABLE

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL2?????????????????????????USABLE

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL3?????????????????????????USABLE

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL4?????????????????????????USABLE

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL5?????????????????????????USABLE

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL6?????????????????????????USABLE

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????LOCAL7?????????????????????????USABLE

???????

????6.導(dǎo)入單個(gè)分區(qū)

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?impdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt_imp.log /

????????> tables=tb_pt:sal_other skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace

????????Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:13:28 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

????????Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

????????Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01":??scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt_imp.log

????????????tables=tb_pt:sal_other skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace?????????????--*/

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"?????????????????71.63 KB????2875 rows

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

????????Job "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:13:33

????????SQL>?select?index_name,status,partitioned?from?dba_indexes?where?table_name='TB_PT';

????????INDEX_NAME?????????????????????STATUS???PAR

????????------------------------------ -------- ---

????????TB_PT_IND1?????????????????????VALID????NO

????????TB_PT_LOCAL_IDX????????????????N/A??????YES

???????

????????從上面的導(dǎo)入情況可以看出，盡管執(zhí)行了truncate partition，然而使用impdp導(dǎo)入工具，并且使用參數(shù)table_exists_action=replace

????????可以避免使用imp導(dǎo)入時(shí)唯一和主鍵索引需要重建的問題。注意，如果沒有使用table_exists_action=replace參數(shù)，將會(huì)收到ORA-39151

????????錯(cuò)誤，如下

????????????ORA-39151: Table "SCOTT"."TB_PT" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to

????????????????table_exists_action of skip

????7.導(dǎo)入整個(gè)表

????????[oracle@node1 ~]$?impdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pt_fullimp.log /

????????> tables=tb_pt skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace

????????Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:17:35 2011

????????Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

????????With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

????????Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

????????Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

????????Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01":??scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pt_fullimp.log

????????????tables=tb_pt skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace?????????????????????--*/

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"?????????????????71.63 KB????2875 rows

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_11"????????????????????12.54 KB?????298 rows

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_12"????????????????????14.22 KB?????366 rows

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_13"????????????????????14.18 KB?????365 rows

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_14"????????????????????14.18 KB?????365 rows

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_15"????????????????????14.19 KB?????365 rows

????????. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_16"????????????????????14.23 KB?????366 rows

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

????????Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

????????Job "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:17:40

五、參數(shù)skip_unusable_indexes的作用

????SQL>?show parameter skip

????NAME?????????????????????????????????TYPE????????VALUE

????------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

????skip_unusable_indexes????????????????boolean?????TRUE

????該參數(shù)允許在導(dǎo)入分區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)延遲對(duì)索引的處理，即先將數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入，導(dǎo)入后再來重建索引分區(qū)。

????在命令行導(dǎo)入中未指定導(dǎo)入?yún)?shù)skip_unusable_indexes時(shí)，則對(duì)于索引相關(guān)的問題，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化參數(shù)的值來確定。

????在命令行導(dǎo)入中如果指定了參數(shù)skip_unusable_indexes時(shí)，則該參數(shù)的值優(yōu)先于數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化參數(shù)的設(shè)定值。

????skip_unusable_indexes=y對(duì)unique index不起作用，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)的unique index扮演者constraint的作用，所以在insert數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)index必須被

????????更新。

????對(duì)于單個(gè)分區(qū)導(dǎo)入時(shí)PK，unique index的處理，必須先重建索引然后進(jìn)行導(dǎo)入。

????使用impdp數(shù)據(jù)泵實(shí)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)入并使用參數(shù)table_exists_action=replace可以解決上述問題，即ORA-01502錯(cuò)誤。

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