對于服務器的安裝我就不多說了，安裝phpmyadmin這個mysql管理也很簡單，直接拷貝源文件到網站所在目錄，瀏覽器輸入地址即可。詳細的方法在這里。

http://blog.csdn.net/wang_shuai_ww/article/details/50440218

下面說說安裝論壇或者網站時，數據庫不能鏈接的問題。

首先參考網友的一篇文章：http://blog.csdn.net/hanshileiai/article/details/45580001

Nginx Installation

Nginx is one of the robust web server in Linux world. Nginx is a free, open source, high performance HTTP server and reverse proxy, as weell as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. Now, we are going to install Nginx web server.

First, make sure system is upto date:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

#1 - Download and Install Nginx

The easiest way to download and install Nginx is using?apt-get command. Here is the command:
$ sudo apt-get install nginx

Fig.01: Download and Install Nginx on Ubuntu Linux

Just wait until installation is get done on the system.

#2 - Test Nginx

Once it get done, you can open your browser and type url http://localhost or http://your_ip_address to test it. If everything goes normal, you will see Nginx welcome page:

Fig.02: Welcome nginx page on Ubuntu Linux

MySQL Installation On Ubuntu

MySQL is one of the most powerful database management system in Linux world. Next, we are going to install it with PHP support.

#1 - Install MySQL and PHP support

Type the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server php5-mysql

Fig.03: Ubuntu Linux Install MySQL to Manage Site Data with PHP

During the installation, MySQL will ask you to enter MySQL root password, other wise the installation will not continue. Type the password you want, then press OK to continue the installation.

#2 - Test MySQL

Once mysql installation finished, we can test it. Open your console and type the following command:
$ mysql -u root -p

Fig.04: Ubuntu test Mysql installation

If you type your password correctly, the you will see the mysql prompt.

#3 - Securing access to MySQL

If we are going to use MySQL as a production database, we may want to secure it. MySQL provides a shell script to help us securing it. Just type the following command on your console:
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
Here are the steps to do it.

1. Enter your root password

Enter your current root password to continue to the next step.

Fig.05: MySQL enter your root db password

2.Change the root password

If you want to change it, press Y. Otherwise, press N.

Fig.06: MySQL security

3.Remove anonymous user

It is recommended to remove anonymous user to mitigate risk who can log in into your database.

Fig.07: MySQL security

4.Disallow root login remotely

To make sure that no one remote your database as root from another machines, we need to disallow root login remotely.

Fig.08: MySQL security

5.Remove test database

Sometimes some MySQL installation will create a database named ?testí for testing purpose. We can remove it if we donít use it.

Fig.09: MySQL security

6.Reload privilege tables

Then we need to reloading the privilege tables to ensure all changes made so far will take effect immediately.

Fig.10: MySQL security

7.Done

Fig.11: MySQL security

PHP Installation For Server Side Scripting

Since PHP is popular, a lot of websites is built using PHP language. As of January 2013, PHP was installed on more than 240 millions websites. Now we are going to install PHP on Ubuntu 14.04

#1 - Download and install PHP

As usual, we can download and install PHP using apt-get command. Just type the following command on your Ubuntu console or over the ssh based session:
$ sudo apt-get install php5-fpm

Fig.12: Install PHP for Server Side Processing on Ubuntu

And wait for the installation to complete.

Configure Nginx to work with PHP and MySQL Server on Ubuntu

Now we have all components installed. The next step is we need to configure Nginx with PHP and MySQL. Let's start to configure them.

#1 - Configure PHP5-FPM

PHP5-FPM configuration file is located at /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini. Open it with your text editor
$ sudo vi /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini
Change this parameter, from:
cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
to:
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
Save and close the file and then restart php5-fpm service, type:
$ sudo service php5-fpm restart

#2 - Configure Nginx

Nginx configuration file is located at /etc/nginx/nginx.conf. But basically, we don't need to touch it. The configuration of nginx website is located in /etc/nginx/sites-available/default file.

解決nginx打開php文件總是顯示下載框的問題

ps: 不同版本路徑可能有變：如下?nginx?配置路徑?
sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
Open it, and uncomment lines:

location ~ \.php$ {fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini## # With php5-cgi alone:# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;# # With php5-fpm:fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;fastcgi_index index.php;include fastcgi_params;}

Then restart the services.
$ sudo service nginx restart
Please make sure, on Ubuntu 14.04, we cannot use fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000. So make sure that the line is commented. Otherwise, on my machine, I got this error :
$ tail /var/log/nginx/error.log
2014/11/04 16:57:04 [emerg] 3216#0: "fastcgi_pass" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:59
2014/11/04 16:58:21 [emerg] 3256#0: "fastcgi_pass" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:59

On Ubuntu 14.04, I use the following line:
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock
When I restart the Nginx and I still got the following error message:

2014/11/04 17:02:05 [emerg] 3295#0: "fastcgi_pass" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:61
2014/11/04 17:04:58 [emerg] 3410#0: "fastcgi_pass" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default:61

Please make sure that you already uncomment this line:
location ~ \.php$ {

#3 - Configure MySQL

After the configuration section is done, now we need to test them to make sure that our configuration is working as required. On Ubuntu 14.04 the root document folder is located in /usr/share/nginx/html. So create a file called /usr/share/nginx/html/phpinfo.php with the following code:

?<?phpinfo();?>?

After restarting PHP-FPM and Nginx, open the browser and browse to the php file, we got only a blank screen. No error message on the screen. No error message on PHP-FPM and Nginx log file.

Then we changed /usr/share/nginx/html/phpinfo.php file code on the root document of Nginx, as follows:

?<?phpphpinfo();?>?

And then open the browser again and type url http://your_ip_address/phpinfo.php

It seem that by default, we can not use short php-tag like this:

? <? ?... your code ... ?> ?

To enable short php tag, we need to change the value of short_open_tag parameter on php.ini file:

Change the value from Off to On. Then restart your php5-fpm :
sudo service php5-fpm restart
Then try again to test your phpinfo file. Next, we will see if the MySQL support is enabled or not. Scroll down the php configuration screen on your browser, if you see MySQL block there, then MySQL support already enabled.

You are now ready to use Nginx, PHP5 and MySQL on Ubuntu server. I hope this quick article help anyone who wish to install Linux, Nginx, PHP and MySQL on Ubuntu 14.04.

上面是英文的，不過還是能看懂的吧。

上面的方法執行過后并不能解決我的問題，什么都安裝完了，還是不行。幾經周折，總算是找到問題所在了，一般這個情況都是mysql.so、mysqli.so、pdo_mysql.so這三個文件沒連接到出問題了也就是說php.ini配置有問題，關鍵是就是extension_dir和extension這兩個參數的設置，extension_dir設置為mysql.so、mysqli.so、pdo_mysql.so所在的目錄，不同的機器和版本路徑可能不同，電腦中使用locate搜索一下，或者find命令，找到后在php.ini中設置即可，如下：

extension_dir = "/usr/lib/php5/20121212/"

extension=mysql.so
extension=mysqli.so
extension=pdo_mysql.so

設置完成后重啟php-fpm即可了。

注意如果服務器中安裝了php-cgi和php-fpm那么php.ini會有兩個，具體使用哪個要看/etc/nginx/sites-available/default文件中的下面部分：

location ~ \.php$ {try_files $uri =404; #增加fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$; #反注釋# include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;## # With php5-cgi alone:# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;# # With php5-fpm:fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include fastcgi_params;}
注意這兩個：

fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

只能使用其中一個，如果使用下面的，那么fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;需要打開，而fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$; 這行需要注釋掉。

我使用是第一個，也就是fpm方式，如果使用cgi方式還需要一個命令開啟cgi服務：spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 10 -u www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi。

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