CentOS7静默安装oracle11g
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CentOS7静默安装oracle11g
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操作系統(tǒng)：
[root@docker ~]# uname -m x86_64 [root@docker ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)?
安裝前的準(zhǔn)備：
1. 修改主機名
#sed -i "s/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=oracledb.01/" /etc/sysconfig/network
2.添加主機名與IP對應(yīng)記錄
# vim /etc/hosts?
192.168.0.71 oracledb.01
3.關(guān)閉Selinux
#sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config?
# setenforce 0?
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安裝軟件包：
參考官方：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCCADGD
- The following or later version of packages for Oracle Linux 7, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 must be installed:
用yum進(jìn)行安裝
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686?
檢測是否31個包都有安裝
[root@docker ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel binutils-2.23.52.0.1-55.el7.x86_64 compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.i686 gcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 gcc-c++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64 glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.i686 glibc-devel-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.17-106.el7_2.8.i686 ksh-20120801-22.el7_1.3.x86_64 libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.i686 libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.i686 libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.i686 libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.i686 libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7.i686 libXi-1.7.2-2.1.el7.x86_64 libXi-1.7.4-2.el7.i686 libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.x86_64 libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.i686 make-3.82-21.el7.x86_64 sysstat-10.1.5-7.el7.x86_64 unixODBC-2.3.1-11.el7.x86_64 unixODBC-2.3.1-11.el7.i686 unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-11.el7.x86_64 unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-11.el7.i686版本號只能大于規(guī)定的版本，不能小于。
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創(chuàng)建oinstall和dba組
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd dba創(chuàng)建oracle用戶
/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle設(shè)置oracle用戶密碼
passwd oracle驗證創(chuàng)建是否正確
[root@docker ~]# id oracle uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)?
配置內(nèi)核參數(shù)
[root@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf # System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf. # To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file # # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5). fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 #最低：536870912，最大值：比物理內(nèi)存小1個字節(jié)的值，建議超過物理內(nèi)存的一半 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576參數(shù)的值不能小于上面的配置，這是oracle官方建議的最小值，生產(chǎn)環(huán)境建議調(diào)整這些參數(shù)，以優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)性能。
修改后使之生效
/sbin/sysctl -p?
修改用戶限制
vim /etc/security/limits.conf#在末尾添加 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 10240 ? 在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中，使用文本編輯器或vi命令增加或修改以下內(nèi)容 session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so
在/etc/profile 文件中，使用文本編輯器或vi命令增加或修改以下內(nèi)容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; thenif [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fi fi使之生效
source /etc/profile?
創(chuàng)建安裝目錄
mkdir -p /u01/app/ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ chmod -R 775 /u01/app/?
配置環(huán)境變量
[oracle@docker ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2使之生效
source ~/.bash_profile解壓oracle軟件
[root@docker src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip [root@docker src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip復(fù)制響應(yīng)文件模板
[oracle@docker ~]$ mkdir etc [oracle@docker ~]$ cp /usr/local/src/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/ [oracle@docker ~]$ ls etc dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp設(shè)置響應(yīng)文件權(quán)限
[oracle@docker ~]$ su - root[root@docker ~]# chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp?
靜默安裝Oracle軟件
su - oracle 修改安裝Oracle軟件的響應(yīng)文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY // 安裝類型 ORACLE_HOSTNAME=docker // 主機名稱（hostname查詢） UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall // 安裝組 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory //INVENTORY目錄（不填就是默認(rèn)值） SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 選擇語言 ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 //oracle_home ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle //oracle_base oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE // oracle版本 oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false //自定義安裝，否，使用默認(rèn)組件 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba / / dba用戶組 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用戶組 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //數(shù)據(jù)庫類型 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=dbsrv2 //SID oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自動管理內(nèi)存的內(nèi)存(M) oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //設(shè)定所有數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶使用同一個密碼 SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false //（手動寫了false） DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true //設(shè)置安全更新（貌似是有bug，這個一定要選true，否則會無限提醒郵件地址有問題，終止安裝。PS：不管地址對不對）開始靜默安裝
[oracle@docker database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp查看安裝日志
tail -f /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-08-31_06-56-29PM.log 出現(xiàn)類似如下提示表示安裝完成： ------------------------------------------------------------------------The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
使用root用戶執(zhí)行腳本 su - root /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh增加或修改oracle的環(huán)境變量
su - oracle vim ~/.bash_profile#for oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2
export ROACLE_PID=ora11g
#export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export?LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
export?NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED?CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
export?NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd?hh24:mi:ss'
配置監(jiān)聽程序
[oracle@docker ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
啟動監(jiān)控程序
[oracle@docker ~]$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 01-SEP-2016 11:23:31Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521)))Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 01-SEP-2016 11:23:31 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully靜默dbca建庫
編輯應(yīng)答文件
[oracle@docker ~]$ vi etc/dbca.rsp[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "dbsrv2"
SID = "dbsrv2"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
建庫
[oracle@docker ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile etc/dbca.rspEnter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 57% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 74% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete Look at the log file Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log" for further details.查看輸出日志
[oracle@docker ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log Copying database files DBCA_PROGRESS : 1% DBCA_PROGRESS : 3% DBCA_PROGRESS : 11% DBCA_PROGRESS : 18% DBCA_PROGRESS : 26% DBCA_PROGRESS : 37% Creating and starting Oracle instance DBCA_PROGRESS : 40% DBCA_PROGRESS : 45% DBCA_PROGRESS : 50% DBCA_PROGRESS : 55% DBCA_PROGRESS : 56% DBCA_PROGRESS : 60% DBCA_PROGRESS : 62% Completing Database Creation DBCA_PROGRESS : 66% DBCA_PROGRESS : 70% DBCA_PROGRESS : 73% DBCA_PROGRESS : 85% DBCA_PROGRESS : 96% DBCA_PROGRESS : 100% Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g. Database Information: Global Database Name:orcl11g.us.oracle.com System Identifier(SID):dbsrv2?至此完成數(shù)據(jù)庫實例的創(chuàng)建。
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附：
刪除實例：
[oracle@docker ~]$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourcedb dbsrv2?oracle云在RedHat 6上的一些參數(shù)文件，內(nèi)存是8G，供參考：
/etc/sysctl.conf
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details.# Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0# Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1# Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1# Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1# Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128'# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.panic_on_oops is 1 per Orabug 19642132# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500kernel.panic = 10 xen.independent_wallclock = 1# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744 fs.file-max = 6815744# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128' kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096 kernel.shmmni = 4096# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 2097152 on i386# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 # oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4294967295 on i386 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.panic_on_oops is 1 per Orabug 19212317 kernel.panic_on_oops = 1# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144 net.core.rmem_default = 262144# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500vm.nr_hugepages = 1404net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0 net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0 View Code/etc/security/limits.conf
# /etc/security/limits.conf # #Each line describes a limit for a user in the form: #<domain> <type> <item> <value> #Where: #<domain> can be: # - a user name # - a group name, with @group syntax # - the wildcard *, for default entry # - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax, # for maxlogin limit #<type> can have the two values: # - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits # - "hard" for enforcing hard limits #<item> can be one of the following: # - core - limits the core file size (KB) # - data - max data size (KB) # - fsize - maximum filesize (KB) # - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB) # - nofile - max number of open file descriptors # - rss - max resident set size (KB) # - stack - max stack size (KB) # - cpu - max CPU time (MIN) # - nproc - max number of processes # - as - address space limit (KB) # - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system # - priority - the priority to run user process with # - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold # - sigpending - max number of pending signals # - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes) # - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19] # - rtprio - max realtime priority #<domain> <type> <item> <value>#* soft core 0 #* hard rss 10000 #@student hard nproc 20 #@faculty soft nproc 20 #@faculty hard nproc 50 #ftp hard nproc 0 # End of file# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nofile soft limit is 1024 oracle soft nofile 1024# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nofile hard limit is 65536 oracle hard nofile 65536# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nproc soft limit is 16384 # refer orabug15971421 for more info. oracle soft nproc 16384# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nproc hard limit is 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for stack soft limit is 10240KB oracle soft stack 10240# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for stack hard limit is 32768KB oracle hard stack 32768# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for memlock hard limit is maximum of {128GB (x86_64) / 3GB (x86) or 90 % of RAM} oracle hard memlock 134217728# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for memlock soft limit is maximum of {128GB (x86_64) / 3GB (x86) or 90% of RAM} oracle soft memlock 134217728 View Code~/.bashrc
# User specific aliases and functions umask 0022 ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME OH=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export OH ORACLE_UNQNAME=TESTDB; export ORACLE_UNQNAME ORACLE_HOSTNAME=TESTDB.compute-gbsinsooft908.oraclecloud.internal; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH EMKEY_LOCATION=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/admin/TESTDB/dbs; export EMKEY_LOCATION ORACLE_SID=TESTDB; export ORACLE_SID TFA_HOME=/var/opt/oracle/tfa; export TFA_HOME View Code?
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轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zydev/p/5827207.html
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