1，exec 執(zhí)行字符串類型的代碼

s = "print ('你好啊，我是賽利亞')" exec (s)

你好啊，我是賽利亞

exec ("a = 20") print (a)

20

2，eval 執(zhí)行字符串類型的代碼，并返回最終結(jié)果

s = "1+1" eval (s)

2

s = "[1,2,3,4]" ret = eval(s) # 可以把一個(gè)字符串代碼執(zhí)行，通常用來還原列表或者字典 print (ret) print (type(ret))

[1, 2, 3, 4]
<class ‘list’>

3，input輸入

aa = input("請輸入你的內(nèi)容：") print (aa)

請輸入你的內(nèi)容：好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上
好好學(xué)習(xí)，天天向上
4,print輸出

print ("i love python")

i love python
5,內(nèi)存id

s1 = "[1,2,3,4]" s2 = "[1,2,3,4]" print (id(s1)) print (id(s2))

2414673903408
2414674063664
6,hash值

s = "“I love you so much,I just don‘t like you anymore.”" print (hash(s))

135942013824091963

7,文件操作 open
r:只讀 read
w: 只寫 write
a ： 追加寫 append
#相對路徑：相對于當(dāng)前程序所在的文件夾
#絕對路徑： c:/work/123.txt

# 讀取文件f = open ("D:/py/文件讀取/123.txt",mode = "r" ,encoding="utf-8") f = open ("D:/py/文件讀取/1234.txt",mode = "w" ,encoding="utf-8") f.write("笑傲江湖") # a 追加寫入文件 f = open ("D:/py/文件讀取/12345.txt",mode = "a" ,encoding="utf-8") f.write("令狐沖\n")

mode :
r+ 讀寫操作
w+ 寫讀
a+ 追加寫讀

**8，模塊相關(guān) __ import __

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt #as 把pyplot修改為plt import requests

9,幫助 help**

help (print)

Help on built-in function print in module builtins:

print(…)
print(value, …, sep=’ ‘, end=’\n’, file=sys.stdout, flush=False)

Prints the values to a stream, or to sys.stdout by default. Optional keyword arguments: file: a file-like object (stream); defaults to the current sys.stdout. sep: string inserted between values, default a space. end: string appended after the last value, default a newline. flush: whether to forcibly flush the stream.

10, callable 調(diào)用相關(guān)

a = 10 def func():pass print (callable(func))#判斷能否調(diào)用 print (callable(a))

True
False

print (dir(str))#查看字符串能執(zhí)行那些操作 print (dir(list))#查看列表能執(zhí)行那些操作

[‘add’, ‘class’, ‘contains’, ‘delattr’, ‘dir’, ‘doc’, ‘eq’, ‘format’, ‘ge’, ‘getattribute’, ‘getitem’, ‘getnewargs’, ‘gt’, ‘hash’, ‘init’, ‘init_subclass’, ‘iter’, ‘le’, ‘len’, ‘lt’, ‘mod’, ‘mul’, ‘ne’, ‘new’, ‘reduce’, ‘reduce_ex’, ‘repr’, ‘rmod’, ‘rmul’, ‘setattr’, ‘sizeof’, ‘str’, ‘subclasshook’, ‘capitalize’, ‘casefold’, ‘center’, ‘count’, ‘encode’, ‘endswith’, ‘expandtabs’, ‘find’, ‘format’, ‘format_map’, ‘index’, ‘isalnum’, ‘isalpha’, ‘isascii’, ‘isdecimal’, ‘isdigit’, ‘isidentifier’, ‘islower’, ‘isnumeric’, ‘isprintable’, ‘isspace’, ‘istitle’, ‘isupper’, ‘join’, ‘ljust’, ‘lower’, ‘lstrip’, ‘maketrans’, ‘partition’, ‘replace’, ‘rfind’, ‘rindex’, ‘rjust’, ‘rpartition’, ‘rsplit’, ‘rstrip’, ‘split’, ‘splitlines’, ‘startswith’, ‘strip’, ‘swapcase’, ‘title’, ‘translate’, ‘upper’, ‘zfill’]
[‘add’, ‘class’, ‘contains’, ‘delattr’, ‘delitem’, ‘dir’, ‘doc’, ‘eq’, ‘format’, ‘ge’, ‘getattribute’, ‘getitem’, ‘gt’, ‘hash’, ‘iadd’, ‘imul’, ‘init’, ‘init_subclass’, ‘iter’, ‘le’, ‘len’, ‘lt’, ‘mul’, ‘ne’, ‘new’, ‘reduce’, ‘reduce_ex’, ‘repr’, ‘reversed’, ‘rmul’, ‘setattr’, ‘setitem’, ‘sizeof’, ‘str’, ‘subclasshook’, ‘a(chǎn)ppend’, ‘clear’, ‘copy’, ‘count’, ‘extend’, ‘index’, ‘insert’, ‘pop’, ‘remove’, ‘reverse’, ‘sort’]

12，數(shù)據(jù)類型 bool值 ，int ，float
13，進(jìn)制轉(zhuǎn)換

print (hex(100))#十六進(jìn)制 0-f（0-9 a-f） print (oct(100))#八進(jìn)制0-7 print (bin(100))#二進(jìn)制 0-1 a = 0b1100100 print (a) #默認(rèn)就是十進(jìn)制

0x64
0o144
0b1100100
100

14，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算 abs , divmod , round , pow , sum , min , max
15,序列
列表和元組：list ， tuple

#相關(guān)內(nèi)置函數(shù) ： reversed ， slice print (list (reversed([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10])))

[10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

s = slice (1,4)#切片 ss = "love" print (ss[s])

ove
16，字符串 str , format , bytes , bytearry , memoryview , ord , chr , ascii , repr

print (ord("葛")) print (chr(33883))

33883
葛
驗(yàn)證碼

import random print (chr(random.randint(ord(“a”),old(“z”))))
17，數(shù)據(jù)集合 dict ， set
18,相關(guān)內(nèi)置函數(shù) len ， sortend , enumerate , all ,any ,zip , fiter , map

s = ["呵呵","哈哈","嚯嚯"] for i in enumerate(s):print (i)

(0, ‘呵呵’)
(1, ‘哈哈’)
(2, ‘嚯嚯’)

lst1 = ["a","b","c","d"] lst2 = [1,2,3,4] lst3 = ["一","二","三","四"] # 拉鏈函數(shù) print (list(zip(lst1,lst2,lst3)))

[(‘a(chǎn)’, 1, ‘一’), (‘b’, 2, ‘二’), (‘c’, 3, ‘三’), (‘d’, 4, ‘四’)]

print (any([1,0,True,[],False])) #or print (all([1,0,True,[],False]))# and

True
False

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