一、直接連接，不封裝到工具類中，主要步驟：

先導包:mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar(點擊跳轉到下載界面),放在WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib/下

1.加載驅動//com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

2.獲取連接 Connection對象

3.獲取用于向數據庫發送SQL的Statement對象

4.執行sql,獲取數據，解析數據

5.關閉連接，釋放資源

/* 協議：子協議://主機:端口/數據庫名 */

String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbctest";

// mysql數據庫的用戶名與密碼，安裝時自己設置，一般默認為root

String user = "root";

String password = "root";

Connection connection = null;

Statement statement = null;

ResultSet resultSet = null;

try {

// 1.加載驅動//com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

/*

* DriverManager.registerDriver(new

* Driver());用這種方法會加載兩次驅動，也就是說會創建兩個drive對象

*/

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

// 2.獲取連接

connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

// 3.獲取用于向數據庫發送SQL的Statement對象

statement = connection.createStatement();

// 4.執行sql,獲取數據

resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM users;");

// 解析數據

while (resultSet.next()) {

int id = resultSet.getInt("id");

String name = resultSet.getString("name");

String psd = resultSet.getString("password");

String email = resultSet.getString("email");

String birthday = resultSet.getString("birthday");

System.out.println(id + " " + name + " " + psd + " " + email

+ " " + birthday);

}

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

//5.關閉連接，釋放資源

if (resultSet != null) {

try {

resultSet.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

resultSet = null;

}

if (statement != null) {

try {

statement.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

statement = null;

}

if (connection != null) {

try {

connection.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

connection = null;

}

}

二、將數據庫連接封裝成一個工具類

這樣做的好處是，在實際開發中，就能做到，改一處即可修改全局。

1.建一個名為db.properties的配置文件，放于src/

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbctest

username=root

password=root

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

2.工具類：

import java.io.IOException;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

import java.util.Properties;

public class JdbcUtil {

//私有靜態變量，用以讀取配置文件

private static Properties config=new Properties();

static{

try {

//配置資源文件

config.load(JdbcUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties"));

//加載驅動

Class.forName(config.getProperty("driver"));

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public static Connection getConnection(){

Connection connection=null;

try {

connection=DriverManager.getConnection(config.getProperty("url"),config.getProperty("username"),config.getProperty("password"));

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return connection;

}

//用以關閉連接，釋放資源

public static void releaseConn(Connection connection, Statement statement,

ResultSet resultSet) {

if(resultSet!=null){

try {

resultSet.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

resultSet=null;

}

if(statement!=null){

try {

statement.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

statement=null;

}

if(connection!=null){

try {

connection.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

connection=null;

}

}

}3.使用實例：

Connection connection = null;

Statement statement = null;

ResultSet resultSet = null;

try {

// 調用工具類中的靜態方法來獲取連接

connection = JdbcUtil.getConnection();

statement = connection.createStatement();

resultSet = statement.executeQuery("select * from users");

while (resultSet.next()) {

int id = resultSet.getInt("id");

String name = resultSet.getString("name");

String psd = resultSet.getString("password");

String email = resultSet.getString("email");

String birthday = resultSet.getString("birthday");

System.out.println(id + " " + name + " " + psd + " " + email

+ " " + birthday);

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

// 調用工具類中的靜態方法來關閉連接，釋放資源

JdbcUtil.releaseConn(connection, statement, resultSet);

}

}

總結

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