前言

• CentOS Linux release 8.2.2004
• mysql 5.7.31

如何安裝？

目前為止，mysql 5.7.31 未提供針對 CentOS8 的yum源。那么就不能用yum方式安裝了。
那就使用rpm方式安裝。

下載rpm

需要下載下面這四個rpm：

• mysql-community-common-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
• mysql-community-libs-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
• mysql-community-client-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
• mysql-community-server-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果上述地址不可用，嘗試在這里找找新的地址：
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

安裝

yum install -y mysql-community-common-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm yum install -y mysql-community-libs-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm yum install -y mysql-community-server-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

檢查是否安裝成功

shell> mysql -V mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.31, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

啟動mysql

systemctl start mysqld

檢查是否啟動成功

shell> systemctl status mysqld ● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-11-27 16:32:36 CST; 22min agoDocs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlProcess: 41331 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exite>Process: 41277 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 41333 (mysqld)Tasks: 27 (limit: 48065)Memory: 306.6MCGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service└─41333 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidNov 27 16:32:30 iZ2ze1o3prvrwc34l1ke9pZ systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... Nov 27 16:32:36 iZ2ze1o3prvrwc34l1ke9pZ systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

登錄mysql 并修改密碼

密碼是啥？參考【mysql】安裝 mysql 5.7 完成后，默認密碼是啥？怎么查看默認密碼？。

shell> mysql -uroot -p mysql> set password=password('MyNewPass4!');

默認的密碼強度中等。密碼必須包含大小寫字母、數字、特殊字符等。參考mysql5.7 修改密碼。

設置mysql數據編碼格式為utf8mb4

修改mysql的配置文件

shell> vim /etc/my.cnf ----------------------------- # 打開文件后，添加下面的配置。注意對應節點 [client] default-character-set = utf8mb4[mysql] default-character-set = utf8mb4[mysqld] character-set-client-handshake = FALSE character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci init_connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4'

重啟mysql

shell> systemctl restart mysqld

查看編碼格式是否修改

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%'; +--------------------------+--------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | collation_connection | utf8mb4_unicode_ci | | collation_database | utf8mb4_unicode_ci | | collation_server | utf8mb4_unicode_ci | +--------------------------+--------------------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

優化和修復所有的表

shell> mysqlcheck -u root -p --auto-repair --optimize --all-databases

設置 table name 不區分大小寫

查看 table name 是否區分大小寫：

mysql> show variables like '%table_names'; +------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------+-------+ | lower_case_table_names | 0 | +------------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Linux下的MYSQL默認是要區分表名大小寫的 ，而在windows下表名不區分大小寫。

修改mysql的配置文件，讓 mysql table name 不區分大小寫：

shell> vim /etc/my.cnf ----------------------------- # 打開文件后，添加下面的配置。注意對應節點 [mysqld] lower_case_table_names = 1

重啟mysql

shell> systemctl restart mysqld

再次查看 table name 是否區分大小寫：

mysql> show variables like '%table_names'; +------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------+-------+ | lower_case_table_names | 1 | +------------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

參考

https://www.cnblogs.com/sanduzxcvbnm/p/13418417.html
https://www.hxstrive.com/article/728.htm
https://sayyy.blog.csdn.net/article/details/105114264

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