python的re2和re区别_浅谈Python中re.match()和re.search()的使用及区别
1.re.match()fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
re.match()的概念是從頭匹配一個(gè)符合規(guī)則的字符串,從起始位置開始匹配,匹配成功返回一個(gè)對(duì)象,未匹配成功返回None。fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
包含的參數(shù)如下:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
pattern: 正則模型fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
string : 要匹配的字符串fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
falgs : 匹配模式fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
match() 方法一旦匹配成功,就是一個(gè)match object對(duì)象,而match object對(duì)象有以下方法:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
group() 返回被 RE 匹配的字符串fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
start() 返回匹配開始的位置fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
end() 返回匹配結(jié)束的位置fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
span()返回一個(gè)元組包含匹配 (開始,結(jié)束) 的位置fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
案例:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
import re
# re.match 返回一個(gè)Match Object 對(duì)象
# 對(duì)象提供了 group() 方法,來獲取匹配的結(jié)果
result = re.match("hello","hello,world")
if result:
print(result.group())
else:
print("匹配失敗!")
輸出結(jié)果:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
hellofvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
2.re.search()fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
re.search()函數(shù)會(huì)在字符串內(nèi)查找模式匹配,只要找到第一個(gè)匹配然后返回,如果字符串沒有匹配,則返回None。fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
格式:re.search(pattern, string, flags=0)fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
要求:匹配出文章閱讀的次數(shù)fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
import re
ret = re.search(r"\d+", "閱讀次數(shù)為 9999")
print(ret.group())
輸出結(jié)果:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
9999fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
3.match()和search()的區(qū)別:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
match()函數(shù)只檢測(cè)RE是不是在string的開始位置匹配,fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
search()會(huì)掃描整個(gè)string查找匹配fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
match()只有在0位置匹配成功的話才有返回,如果不是開始位置匹配成功的話,match()就返回nonefvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
舉例說明:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
import refvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
print(re.match('super', 'superstition').span())fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
(0, 5)fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
print(re.match('super','insuperable'))fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
Nonefvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
print(re.search('super','superstition').span())fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
(0, 5)fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
print(re.search('super','insuperable').span())fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
(2, 7)fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
補(bǔ)充知識(shí):jupyter notebook_主函數(shù)文件如何調(diào)用類文件fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
使用jupyter notebook編寫python程序,rw_visual.jpynb是寫的主函數(shù),random_walk.jpynb是類(如圖)。在主函數(shù)中將類實(shí)例化后運(yùn)行會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò),經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)查找解決了問題,缺少Ipynb_importer.py這樣一個(gè)鏈接文件。fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
解決方法:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
1、在同一路徑下創(chuàng)建名為Ipynb_importer.py的文件:File-->download as-->Python(.py),該文件內(nèi)容如下:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
# In[ ]:
import io, os,sys,types
from IPython import get_ipython
from nbformat import read
from IPython.core.interactiveshell import InteractiveShell
class NotebookFinder(object):
"""Module finder that locates Jupyter Notebooks"""
def __init__(self):
self.loaders = {}
def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
nb_path = find_notebook(fullname, path)
if not nb_path:
return
key = path
if path:
# lists aren't hashable
key = os.path.sep.join(path)
if key not in self.loaders:
self.loaders[key] = NotebookLoader(path)
return self.loaders[key]
def find_notebook(fullname, path=None):
"""find a notebook, given its fully qualified name and an optional path
This turns "foo.bar" into "foo/bar.ipynb"
and tries turning "Foo_Bar" into "Foo Bar" if Foo_Bar
does not exist.
"""
name = fullname.rsplit('.', 1)[-1]
if not path:
path = ['']
for d in path:
nb_path = os.path.join(d, name + ".ipynb")
if os.path.isfile(nb_path):
return nb_path
# let import Notebook_Name find "Notebook Name.ipynb"
nb_path = nb_path.replace("_", " ")
if os.path.isfile(nb_path):
return nb_path
class NotebookLoader(object):
"""Module Loader for Jupyter Notebooks"""
def __init__(self, path=None):
self.shell = InteractiveShell.instance()
self.path = path
def load_module(self, fullname):
"""import a notebook as a module"""
path = find_notebook(fullname, self.path)
print ("importing Jupyter notebook from %s" % path)
# load the notebook object
with io.open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
nb = read(f, 4)
# create the module and add it to sys.modules
# if name in sys.modules:
# return sys.modules[name]
mod = types.ModuleType(fullname)
mod.__file__ = path
mod.__loader__ = self
mod.__dict__['get_ipython'] = get_ipython
sys.modules[fullname] = mod
# extra work to ensure that magics that would affect the user_ns
# actually affect the notebook module's ns
save_user_ns = self.shell.user_ns
self.shell.user_ns = mod.__dict__
try:
for cell in nb.cells:
if cell.cell_type == 'code':
# transform the input to executable Python
code = self.shell.input_transformer_manager.transform_cell(cell.source)
# run the code in themodule
exec(code, mod.__dict__)
finally:
self.shell.user_ns = save_user_ns
return mod
sys.meta_path.append(NotebookFinder())
2、在主函數(shù)中import Ipynb_importerfvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import Ipynb_importer
from random_walk import RandomWalk
rw = RandomWalk()
rw.fill_walk()
plt.scatter(rw.x_values, rw.y_values, s=15)
plt.show()
3、運(yùn)行主函數(shù),調(diào)用成功fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
ps:random_walk.jpynb文件內(nèi)容如下:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
from random import choice
class RandomWalk():
def __init__(self, num_points=5000):
self.num_points = num_points
self.x_values = [0]
self.y_values = [0]
def fill_walk(self):
while len(self.x_values) < self.num_points:
x_direction = choice([1,-1])
x_distance = choice([0,1,2,3,4])
x_step = x_direction * x_distance
y_direction = choice([1,-1])
y_distance = choice([0,1,2,3,4])
y_step = y_direction * y_distance
if x_step == 0 and y_step == 0:
continue
next_x = self.x_values[-1] + x_step
next_y = self.y_values[-1] + y_step
self.x_values.append(next_x)
self.y_values.append(next_y)
運(yùn)行結(jié)果:fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
以上這篇淺談Python中re.match()和re.search()的使用及區(qū)別就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了,希望能給大家一個(gè)參考,也希望大家多多支持。fvk免費(fèi)資源網(wǎng)
總結(jié)
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的python的re2和re区别_浅谈Python中re.match()和re.search()的使用及区别的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
- 上一篇: 微软发布 Win11 RP 22621/
- 下一篇: python中显示第三行数据_Pytho