說明

垂直分割：就是將一個表按照字段來分，每張表保證有相同的主鍵就好。一般來說，將常用字段和大字段分表來放。? ??

優勢：比沒有分表來說，提高了查詢速度，降低了查詢結果所用內存；

劣勢：沒有解決大量記錄的問題，對于單表來說隨著記錄增多，性能還是下降很快；

案例

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思路

硬分表，把常用字段建立一張，不常用的建立一張

案例

現在有個user表：如下，有很多字段，現在分成兩個表，一個user1用了存放用戶主要的屬性字段，另一個表user2，用了存放各種時間相關的字段表user2中通過uid來關聯user1表

mysql> desc user; +----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | group_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | username | varchar(32) | NO | MUL | | | | nickname | varchar(50) | NO | MUL | | | | password | varchar(32) | NO | | | | | salt | varchar(30) | NO | | | | | email | varchar(100) | NO | MUL | | | | mobile | varchar(11) | NO | MUL | | | | avatar | varchar(255) | NO | | | | | birthday | date | NO | | NULL | | | prevtime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | logintime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | loginip | varchar(50) | NO | | | | | loginfailure | tinyint(1) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | joinip | varchar(50) | NO | | | | | jointime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | createtime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | updatetime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |mysql> desc user1; +----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | group_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | username | varchar(32) | NO | MUL | | | | nickname | varchar(50) | NO | MUL | | | | password | varchar(32) | NO | | | | | salt | varchar(30) | NO | | | | | email | varchar(100) | NO | MUL | | | | mobile | varchar(11) | NO | MUL | | | | avatar | varchar(255) | NO | | | | | birthday | date | NO | | NULL | |mysql> desc user2; +----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | uid | int(10) unsigned | NO | | | | prevtime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | logintime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | loginip | varchar(50) | NO | | | | | loginfailure | tinyint(1) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | joinip | varchar(50) | NO | | | | | jointime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | createtime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | updatetime | int(10) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | ————————————————

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