WCF 很好的支持了 REST 的開發， 而 RESTful 的服務通常是架構層面上的考慮。 因為它天生就具有很好的跨平臺跨語言的集成能力，幾乎所有的語言和網絡平臺都支持 HTTP 請求，無需去實現復雜的客戶端代理，無需使用復雜的數據通訊方式既可以將我們的服務暴露給任何需要的人，無論他使用 VB、Ruby、JavaScript，甚至是 HTML FORM，或者直接在瀏覽器地址欄輸入。?
WCF 中通過?WebGetAttribute、WebInvokeAttribute (GET/PUT/POST/DELETE)、UriTemplate?定義 REST 的服務的調用方式， 通過WebMessageFormat (Xml/Json)?定義消息傳遞的格式。1. 契約
[c-sharp]?view plaincopy
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.Runtime.Serialization;??using?System.ServiceModel;??using?System.ServiceModel.Web;????namespace?WcfRESTfulSvc1??{??????[ServiceContract]??????public?interface?ITaskService??????{??????????[OperationContract]??????????[WebGet(UriTemplate="Tasks/Xml",?ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)]??????????List<Task>?GetTasksXml();????????????[OperationContract]??????????[WebGet(UriTemplate?=?"Tasks/Json",?ResponseFormat?=?WebMessageFormat.Json)]??????????List<Task>?GetTasksJson();????????????[OperationContract]??????????[WebInvoke(UriTemplate="Task/{title}",?Method="GET",?ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Json)]??????????Task?GetTasksByTitle(string?title);??????}??????????[DataContract]??????public?class?Task??????{??????????[DataMember]??????????public?string?Title?{?get;?set;?}??????????[DataMember]??????????public?string?Detail?{?get;?set;?}??????????[DataMember]??????????public?DateTime?CreatedDate?{?get;?set;?}??????}??}?? ?2. 實現
[c-sharp]?view plaincopy
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.Linq;????namespace?WcfRESTfulSvc1??{??????public?class?TaskService?:?ITaskService??????{??????????public?List<Task>?GetTasksXml()??????????{??????????????return?GetData();??????????}????????????public?List<Task>?GetTasksJson()??????????{??????????????return?GetData();??????????}????????????public?Task?GetTasksByTitle(string?title)??????????{??????????????return?GetData().Where(t?=>?t.Title?==?title).FirstOrDefault();??????????}????????????private?static?List<Task>?GetData()??????????{??????????????return?new?List<Task>??????????????{??????????????????new?Task?{?Title="Task1",?Detail="Do?Something?1",?CreatedDate=DateTime.Now?},??????????????????new?Task?{?Title="Task2",?Detail="Do?Something?2",?CreatedDate=DateTime.Now?},??????????????????new?Task?{?Title="Task3",?Detail="Do?Something?3",?CreatedDate=DateTime.Now?},??????????????????new?Task?{?Title="Task4",?Detail="Do?Something?4",?CreatedDate=DateTime.Now?},??????????????????new?Task?{?Title="Task5",?Detail="Do?Something?5",?CreatedDate=DateTime.Now?},??????????????};??????????}??????}??}??
通過 WCF 4.0 里創建的 WCF Service Application 發布REST服務很簡單，只需要在 svc 的 Markup 里加上 Factory：
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="WcfRESTfulSvc1.TaskService" CodeBehind="TaskService.svc.cs"Factory="System.ServiceModel.Activation.WebServiceHostFactory"%>
BTW: 不過這樣，WCF的Metadata就不能訪問到了，也就說不能訪問到svc的wsdl了。
OK，在瀏覽器中鍵入?http://localhost:2571/TaskService.svc/Tasks/Xml? 就能得到結果：
[xhtml]?view plaincopy
<ArrayOfTask?xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/WcfRESTfulSvc1"?xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">????<Task>??????<CreatedDate>2011-03-09T21:51:13.3376004+08:00</CreatedDate>??????<Detail>Do?Something?1</Detail>??????<Title>Task1</Title>????</Task>????<Task>??????<CreatedDate>2011-03-09T21:51:13.3376004+08:00</CreatedDate>??????<Detail>Do?Something?2</Detail>??????<Title>Task2</Title>????</Task>????<Task>??????<CreatedDate>2011-03-09T21:51:13.3376004+08:00</CreatedDate>??????<Detail>Do?Something?3</Detail>??????<Title>Task3</Title>????</Task>????<Task>??????<CreatedDate>2011-03-09T21:51:13.3376004+08:00</CreatedDate>??????<Detail>Do?Something?4</Detail>??????<Title>Task4</Title>????</Task>????<Task>??????<CreatedDate>2011-03-09T21:51:13.3376004+08:00</CreatedDate>??????<Detail>Do?Something?5</Detail>??????<Title>Task5</Title>????</Task>??</ArrayOfTask>??
客戶端的調用利用System.Net.WebClient也很容易：
[c-sharp]?view plaincopy
var?client?=?new?WebClient();??this.txtResponse.Text?=?client.DownloadString(url);??
Json的返回結果：
[{"CreatedDate":"//Date(1299687080328+0800)//","Detail":"Do Something 1","Title":"Task1"},{"CreatedDate":"//Date(1299687080328+0800)//","Detail":"Do Something 2","Title":"Task2"},{"CreatedDate":"//Date(1299687080328+0800)//","Detail":"Do Something 3","Title":"Task3"},{"CreatedDate":"//Date(1299687080328+0800)//","Detail":"Do Something 4","Title":"Task4"},{"CreatedDate":"//Date(1299687080328+0800)//","Detail":"Do Something 5","Title":"Task5"}]
再來看看利用jQuery如何調用這個服務：
[javascript]?view plaincopy
<mce:script?type="text/javascript"?language="JavaScript"><!--??????$(document).ready(function?()?{??????????$("#btnGet").click(function?()?{??????????????var?url?=?$("#txtUrl").val();??????????????$.get(url,?function?(data)?{??????????????????for?(var?i?=?0;?i?<?data.length;?i++)??????????????????????$("#divResponse").append("<li>"?+??????????????????????data[i].Title?+?" - "?+??????????????????????data[i].Detail?+?"</li>");??????????????});??????????});??????});??
【REST WCF系列】RESTful WCF Services (1) (入門)RESTful WCF Services (2) (實現增，刪，改，查)RESTful WCF Services (3) (Raw Stream)RESTful WCF Services (4) (Basic Security)RESTful WCF Services (實例) (并發同步服務 SyncService)
http://blog.csdn.net/fangxing80/article/details/6235662
總結
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的WCF4.0 –- RESTful WCF Services (1) (入门)的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。
