生活随笔
收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了
通过HttpListener实现简单的Http服务
小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.
通過HttpListener實現簡單的Http服務
基本概念
HttpListener提供一個簡單的、可通過編程方式控制的 HTTP 協議偵聽器。通過它可以很容易的提供一些Http服務，而無需啟動IIS這類大型服務程序。
注意：該類僅在運行 Windows XP SP2 或 Windows Server 2003 操作系統的計算機上可用。
使用Http服務一般步驟如下：
1 創建一個HTTP偵聽器對象并初始化
2 添加需要監聽的URI 前綴
3 開始偵聽來自客戶端的請求
4 處理客戶端的Http請求
5 關閉HTTP偵聽器
其中3，4兩步可以循環處理，以提供多客戶多次請求的服務。
創建一個HTTP偵聽器對象
創建HTTP偵聽器對象只需要新建一個HttpListener對象即可。
HttpListener listener = new HttpListener();
初始化需要經過如下兩步
添加需要監聽的URL范圍至listener.Prefixes中，可以通過如下函數實現：
listener.Prefixes.Add(prefix) ? ?//prefix必須以'/'結尾
調用listener.Start()實現端口的綁定，并開始監聽客戶端的需求。
接受HTTP請求
在.net2.0中，通過HttpListenerContext對象提供對HttpListener類使用的請求和響應對象的訪問。
獲取HttpListenerContext的最簡單方式如下：
HttpListenerContext context = listener.GetContext();
該方法將阻塞調用函數至接收到一個客戶端請求為止，如果要提高響應速度，可使用異步方法listener.BeginGetContext()來實現HttpListenerContext對象的獲取。
處理HTTP請求
獲取HttpListenerContext后，可通過Request屬性獲取表示客戶端請求的對象，通過Response屬性取表示 HttpListener 將要發送到客戶端的響應的對象。
HttpListenerRequest request = context.Request;
HttpListenerResponse response = context.Response;
這里的HttpListenerRequest對象和HttpListenerResponse對象和Asp中的Request和Response的使用方式類似，這里就不多說了，具體的使用可以參看下面的例子。
關閉HTTP偵聽器
通過調用listener.Stop()函數即可關閉偵聽器，并釋放相關資源
異步方法listener
====== 異步方法listener ======
[csharp]?view plaincopy
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.Linq;??using?System.Text;??using?System.Net;??using?System.Net.Sockets;??using?DevSDK.Net.Sockets;??using?System.IO;??????namespace?ConsoleApplication1??{??????class?Program??????{??????????static?HttpListener?sSocket?=?null;????????????????????static?void?Main(string[]?args)??????????{??????????????sSocket?=?new?HttpListener();??????????????sSocket.Prefixes.Add("http://127.0.0.1:8080/");??????????????sSocket.Start();??????????????sSocket.BeginGetContext(new?AsyncCallback(GetContextCallBack),?sSocket);??????????????Console.Read();??????????????????????}????????????static?void?GetContextCallBack(IAsyncResult?ar)??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????sSocket?=?ar.AsyncState?as?HttpListener;??????????????????HttpListenerContext?context?=?sSocket.EndGetContext(ar);?????sSocket.BeginGetContext(new?AsyncCallback(GetContextCallBack),?sSocket);???????????????????????Console.WriteLine(context.Request.Url.PathAndQuery);???????????????????????????????????????????}??????????????catch?{?}?????????????????????}??????}??}?? 非異步方法listener
====== C# 利用HttpListener監聽處理Http請求 ======
[csharp]?view plaincopy
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.Linq;??using?System.Text;??using?System.Net;??using?System.Net.Sockets;??using?System.IO;??using?System.Xml.Serialization;??using?System.Threading;??using?System.Web;??namespace?Test??{??????class?Program??????{??????????static?void?Main(string[]?args)??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????HttpListener?listerner?=?new?HttpListener();??????????????????{??????????????????????for?(;?true;?)??????????????????????{??????????????????????????try??????????????????????????{??????????????????????????????listerner.AuthenticationSchemes?=?AuthenticationSchemes.Anonymous;????????????????????????????listerner.Prefixes.Add("http://192.168.1.10:1500/ApiService/");????????????????????????????????listerner.Start();??????????????????????????}??????????????????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????????????????{??????????????????????????????Console.WriteLine("未能成功連接服務器.....");??????????????????????????????listerner?=?new?HttpListener();??????????????????????????????continue;??????????????????????????}??????????????????????????break;??????????????????????}??????????????????????Console.WriteLine("服務器啟動成功.......");????????????????????????int?maxThreadNum,?portThreadNum;????????????????????????????????????????????int?minThreadNum;??????????????????????ThreadPool.GetMaxThreads(out?maxThreadNum,?out?portThreadNum);??????????????????????ThreadPool.GetMinThreads(out?minThreadNum,?out?portThreadNum);??????????????????????Console.WriteLine("最大線程數：{0}",?maxThreadNum);??????????????????????Console.WriteLine("最小空閑線程數：{0}",?minThreadNum);????????????????????????????????????????????Console.WriteLine("\n\n等待客戶連接中。。。。");??????????????????????while?(true)??????????????????????{??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????HttpListenerContext?ctx?=?listerner.GetContext();????????????????????????????ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new?WaitCallback(TaskProc),?ctx);??????????????????????}??????????????????????con.Close();??????????????????????listerner.Stop();??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????????Console.WriteLine(e.Message);??????????????????Console.Write("Press?any?key?to?continue?.?.?.?");??????????????????Console.ReadKey(?);??????????????}??????????}????????????static?void?TaskProc(object?o)??????????{??????????????HttpListenerContext?ctx?=?(HttpListenerContext)o;????????????????ctx.Response.StatusCode?=?200;?????????????????????string?type?=?ctx.Request.QueryString["type"];??????????????string?userId?=?ctx.Request.QueryString["userId"];??????????????string?password?=?ctx.Request.QueryString["password"];??????????????string?filename?=?Path.GetFileName(ctx.Request.RawUrl);??????????????string?userName?=?HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(filename).Get("userName");????????????????????????????????????????????????????using?(StreamWriter?writer?=?new?StreamWriter(ctx.Response.OutputStream))??????????????{??????????????????writer.Write(“處理結果”);??????????????????writer.Close();??????????????????ctx.Response.Close();??????????????}??????????}??????}??}??
Android客戶端：
[java]?view plaincopy
public?static?void?Register(final?Handler?handler,?final?Context?context,??final?String?userId,?final?String?userName,final?int?groupId,?final?String?password){??new?Thread(new?Runnable(){?????????public?void?run()?{??????????if(!CommonTools.checkNetwork(context)){??????????Message?msg?=?new?Message();??????????msg.what?=?Signal.NETWORK_ERR;??????????handler.sendMessage(msg);??????????return;??????????}???????????????????try?{????????????String?content?=?"";??????????String?tmp???=???java.net.URLEncoder.encode(userName,???"utf-8");???????????URL?url?=?new?URL(URL+"?type=Register&userId="+userId+"&password="+password+"&groupId="+groupId+"&userName="+tmp);???????????????????????????????????HttpURLConnection?httpconn?=?(HttpURLConnection)?url.openConnection();???????????????????????????if?(httpconn.getResponseCode()?==?HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK)?{???????????????????????????????????????????????InputStreamReader?isr?=?new?InputStreamReader(httpconn.getInputStream(),?"utf-8");????????????????????????int?i;???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????while?((i?=?isr.read())?!=?-1)?{????????????????????????????content?=?content?+?(char)?i;????????????????????????}????????????????????????isr.close();??????????????????????}???????????????????????????????????httpconn.disconnect();?????????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{??????e.printStackTrace();??????}?????????}}).start();}??
注意：
1.中文亂碼問題
? ?在客戶端采用如下形式
? ?String tmp ? = ? java.net.URLEncoder.encode(userName, ? "utf-8"); ? //防止中文亂碼
? ?服務器端
? ?string filename = Path.GetFileName(ctx.Request.RawUrl);
? ?string userName = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(filename).Get("userName");//避免中文亂碼
? ?服務器端需要引入： using System.Web;
? ?此時可能提示找不到庫，則在項目右鍵添加引用 找到 System.Web.dll勾選即可
2.[System.Net.HttpListenerException] = {"拒絕訪問。"}問題
? ?如果是win7或者win8，在cmd.exe上右鍵，以管理員身份運行，然后執行下面的命令
? ?netsh http add urlacl url=http://本機IP:1500/ user=用戶名(如Administrator)
3.記得關閉防火墻，或者只開放指定端口，步驟如下：
? ? ? ? step1、點擊控制面板
step2、選擇windows防火墻，點擊高級設置
step3、在彈出的“高級安全windows防火墻”點擊“入站規則”，在右側“操作”欄點擊“入站規則”下的“新建規則…”,此時會彈出一個窗口讓你設置。剩下的就非常傻瓜化了。
step4、彈出“新建入站規則向導”-規則類型-選中“端口”，點擊下一步。選擇規則應用的協議“TCP/UDP”如果是TCP你就選擇TCP,UDP就選擇UDP。再勾選“特定本地端口”在文本框輸入您想開放的端口號(例如1521)。
step5、點擊下一步，到“連接符合指定條件時應該進行什么操作?”選擇“允許連接”。點擊下一步到“配置文件”何時應用該規則，勾選“域”、“專用”、“公用”點擊下一步。
step6、配置規則名稱，隨便輸入你自己認為好記的規則名稱即可。
非異步方法listener 自開線程處理請求
====== 非異步方法listener 自開線程處理請求 ======
[csharp]?view plaincopy
using?System;??using?System.IO;??using?System.Net;??using?System.Text;??using?System.Threading;??????namespace?HttpHelper??{??????????????????public?class?HttpListeners???????{??????????private?static?HttpListener?_httpListener;??????????static?readonly?int?Port?=?1005;??????????static?HttpListeners()??????????{??????????????ListenerStart();??????????}????????????private?static?bool?ListenerStop()??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????if?(_httpListener?!=?null)??????????????????{??????????????????????????????????????????_httpListener.Stop();??????????????????}??????????????????return?true;??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????????????????????????return?false;??????????????}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????private?static?void?ListenerStart()??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????_httpListener?=?new?HttpListener?{?AuthenticationSchemes?=?AuthenticationSchemes.Anonymous?};??????????????????_httpListener.Prefixes.Add(string.Format("http://+:{0}/",Port));??????????????????_httpListener.Start();??????????????????????????????????while?(true)??????????????????{??????????????????????try??????????????????????{??????????????????????????????????????????????????var?client?=?_httpListener.GetContext();??????????????????????????new?Thread(HandleRequest).StartAsync(client);??????????????????????}??????????????????????catch?(Exception?ex)??????????????????????{??????????????????????????????????????????????}??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????????????????????????Environment.Exit(0);??????????????}??????????}????????????private?static?void?HandleRequest(object?obj)??????????{??????????????var?client?=?obj?as?HttpListenerContext;??????????????if?(client?==?null)?return;??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????var?coding?=?Encoding.UTF8;??????????????????var?request?=?client.Request;??????????????????????????????????var?response?=?client.Response;??????????????????response.StatusCode?=?200;??????????????????response.ContentEncoding?=?coding;????????????????????Console.WriteLine("{0}?{1}?HTTP/1.1",?request.HttpMethod,?request.RawUrl);??????????????????Console.WriteLine("Accept:?{0}",?string.Join(",",?request.AcceptTypes));??????????????????Console.WriteLine("Accept-Language:?{0}",??????????????????????string.Join(",",?request.UserLanguages));??????????????????Console.WriteLine("User-Agent:?{0}",?request.UserAgent);??????????????????Console.WriteLine("Accept-Encoding:?{0}",?request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]);??????????????????Console.WriteLine("Connection:?{0}",??????????????????????request.KeepAlive???"Keep-Alive"?:?"close");??????????????????Console.WriteLine("Host:?{0}",?request.UserHostName);??????????????????Console.WriteLine("Pragma:?{0}",?request.Headers["Pragma"]);????????????????????????????????????????????????????string?responseString?=?@"<html><head><title>HttpListener?Test</title></head><body><div>Hello,?world.</div></body></html>";??????????????????????byte[]?buffer?=?Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(responseString);??????????????????????????????????response.ContentLength64?=?buffer.Length;??????????????????Stream?output?=?response.OutputStream;??????????????????output.Write(buffer,?0,?buffer.Length);??????????????????????????????????output.Close();??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????????????????????}??????????????finally??????????????{??????????????????try??????????????????{??????????????????????client.Response.Close();??????????????????}??????????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????????{??????????????????????????????????????}??????????????}??????????}??????}??}??
=== ThreadHelper ===
[csharp]?view plaincopy
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.Linq;??using?System.Text;??using?System.Threading;??using?System.Threading.Tasks;????namespace?HttpHelper??{??????public?static?class?ThreadHelper??????{??????????????????????????????????public?static?void?StartSync(this?IEnumerable<Thread>?threads,?object?startPara?=?null,?Func<object,?object>?callback?=?null)??????????{??????????????var?ts?=?threads.ToArray();??????????????????????????foreach?(var?thread?in?ts)??????????????{??????????????????if?(!thread.IsBackground)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.IsBackground?=?true;??????????????????}??????????????????var?times?=?0;??????????????????while?(thread.ThreadState?==?(ThreadState.Background?|?ThreadState.Unstarted)?&&?times?<?10)??????????????????{??????????????????????try??????????????????????{??????????????????????????if?(startPara?==?null)??????????????????????????{??????????????????????????????thread.Start();??????????????????????????}??????????????????????????else??????????????????????????{??????????????????????????????thread.Start(startPara);??????????????????????????}??????????????????????}??????????????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????????????{??????????????????????????times++;??????????????????????????????}??????????????????????Thread.Sleep(100);??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????Thread.Sleep(2000);??????????????????????????foreach?(var?thread?in?ts)??????????????{??????????????????try??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Join();??????????????????}??????????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????????{??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????if?(callback?!=?null)??????????????{??????????????????callback(startPara);??????????????}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????public?static?void?StartAsync(this?IEnumerable<Thread>?threads,?object?startPara?=?null,?Func<object,?object>?callback?=?null)??????????{??????????????var?ts?=?threads.ToArray();??????????????????????????foreach?(var?thread?in?ts)??????????????{??????????????????if?(!thread.IsBackground)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.IsBackground?=?true;??????????????????}??????????????????var?times?=?0;??????????????????while?(thread.ThreadState?==?(ThreadState.Background?|?ThreadState.Unstarted)?&&?times?<?10)??????????????????{??????????????????????try??????????????????????{??????????????????????????if?(startPara?==?null)??????????????????????????{??????????????????????????????thread.Start();??????????????????????????}??????????????????????????else??????????????????????????{??????????????????????????????thread.Start(startPara);??????????????????????????}??????????????????????}??????????????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????????????{??????????????????????????times++;??????????????????????}??????????????????????Thread.Sleep(100);??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????if?(callback?!=?null)??????????????{??????????????????callback(startPara);??????????????}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????public?static?void?StartSync(this?Thread?thread,?object?parameter?=?null)??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????if?(!thread.IsBackground)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.IsBackground?=?true;??????????????????}??????????????????if?(parameter?==?null)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Start();??????????????????}??????????????????else??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Start(parameter);??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????}??????????????Thread.Sleep(1000);??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????thread.Join();??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????public?static?void?StartSyncTimeout(this?Thread?thread,?int?timeoutSeconds,?object?parameter?=?null)??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????if?(!thread.IsBackground)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.IsBackground?=?true;??????????????????}??????????????????if?(parameter?==?null)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Start();??????????????????}??????????????????else??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Start(parameter);??????????????????}??????????????????thread.Join(timeoutSeconds?*?1000);??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????public?static?void?StartAsync(this?Thread?thread,?object?parameter?=?null)??????????{??????????????try??????????????{??????????????????if?(!thread.IsBackground)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.IsBackground?=?true;??????????????????}??????????????????if?(parameter?==?null)??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Start();??????????????????}??????????????????else??????????????????{??????????????????????thread.Start(parameter);??????????????????}??????????????}??????????????catch?(Exception?e)??????????????{??????????????}??????????}??????}??}??
=== end ===
總結
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的通过HttpListener实现简单的Http服务的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。
