用ORACHK自己主动化检查数据库系统的健壮性
1、orachk工具主要用途
（1）主動檢查您的整個軟件在操作系統、CRS、數據庫、高可用等層面中的嚴重問題，以便于IT部門整改，提升系統的穩定性
（2）對于您系統中存在的風險提供簡單化和合理化的診斷和分析建議。
（3）對系統中存在的健康風險提供匯總信息，而且可以向下鉆取到特定的問題和相應的解決方式
（4）對檢查結果進行量化評分（100分制），內容很的全面，通過得分直觀推斷健康程度
2、執行注意要點
（1）orachk不支持在root用戶下執行，須要在oracle或grid用戶下執行
（2）假設檢查RAC環境的健康，須要輸入其他節點的rootpassword，假設各節點rootpassword同樣，則僅僅需輸入一次就可以
3、檢查輸出信息分級
| 序號 | 分級 | 意義 |
| 1 | FAIL | 嚴重的不合格的問題 |
| 2 | WARNING | 警告問題 |
| 3 | ERROR | 錯誤問題 |
| 4 | INFO | 參考信息 |
4、orachk下載
? ??????metalink文章 1268927.2 中提供下載，當前最新版本號為ORA CHK2.2.5，不分平臺，在linux、AIX等平臺通用
5、orachk安裝
5.1 創建一個orachk專用文件夾
????? 創建一個orachk解壓出來的眾多文件，以及執行orachk產生的分析報告材料
| [root@INFA oracle]# mkdir -p /home/oracle/orachk |
5.2、安裝orachk
??? 安裝orachk非常easy，僅僅須要將orachk-2.2.5.zip解壓縮出來就可以
| [root@INFA oracle]# cp orachk-2.2.5.zip /home/oracle/orachk/ [root@INFA oracle]# cd /home/oracle/orachk [root@INFA orachk]# unzip orachk-2.2.5.zip |
5.3、配置orachk文件夾權限
| [root@INFA orachk]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/orachk [root@INFA orachk]# chmod -R 777 /home/oracle/orachk |
6、單實例環境執行orachk開展健康檢查實例
| （1）啟動orachk檢查： [oracle@INFA orachk]$ ./orachk List of running databases 1. infadb 2. None of above ? Select databases from list for checking best practices. For multiple databases, select 1 for All or comma separated number like 1,2 etc [1-2][1]. ? |
| （2）輸出過程記錄（部分內容）： Checking Status of Oracle Software Stack - Clusterware, ASM, RDBMS ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ???????????????????????????????????????????????? Oracle Stack Status??????????????????????????? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Host Name? CRS Installed? ASM HOME?????? RDBMS Installed? CRS UP??? ASM UP??? RDBMS UP? DB Instance Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- infa????? ??No????????????? No????????????? Yes???????????? No???????? No?????? Yes????? infadb??? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ? Copying plug-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? *** Checking Best Practice Recommendations (PASS/WARNING/FAIL) *** ? Collections and audit checks log file is /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723/log/orachk.log ? Checking for prompts in /home/oracle/.bash_profile on infa for oracle user... ============================================================= ??????????????????? Node name - infa??????????????????????????????? ============================================================= ? Collecting - Active sessions load balance for infadb database Collecting - Archived Destination Status for infadb database ...... Collecting - Memory Information Collecting - OS Packages Collecting - Operating system release information and kernel version Collecting - Patches for RDBMS Home Collecting - number of semaphore operations per semop system call ? Data collections completed. Checking best practices on infa. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ? ?INFO =>??? user_dump_dest has trace files older than 30 days for infadb ?INFO =>??? At some times checkpoints are not being completed for infadb ?WARNING => One or more redo log groups are NOT multiplexed for infadb ?WARNING => Shell limit soft nproc for DB is NOT configured according to recommendation ?...... ?INFO =>??? Consider investigating changes to the schema objects such as DDLs or new object creation for infadb ?INFO =>??? Information about 11.2.0.3 support ? Best Practice checking completed.Checking recommended patches on infa. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Collecting patch inventory on ORACLE_HOME /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Recommended RDBMS patches for 112030 from /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 on infa --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Patch#?? RDBMS??? ASM???? type??????????????? Patch-Description?????????????????????? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18031683? no???????????? merge?????????????? DATABASE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES CPUAPR2014) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?RDBMS homes patches summary report --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total patches? Applied on RDBMS Applied on ASM ORACLE_HOME??? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?1????????????? 0????????????? 0??????????????? /dba/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ? Detailed report (html) - /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723.html ? UPLOAD(if required) - /home/oracle/orachk/orachk_infa_infadb_080214_023723.zip |
具體輸出結果已經打包成zip文件
7、RAC環境執行orachk開展健康檢查
??? 方法與單實例全然一樣，不同的一點在于，須要在執行節點，輸入遠端節點的root密
8、輸出結果演示樣例（摘取部分內容）
（1）頭部概述信息
Cluster Summary
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（2）database server檢查輸出部分
Database Server
| Status | Type | Message | Status On | Details |
| FAIL | Database Check | There should be no duplicate parameter entries in the database init.ora(spfile) file | XXdb1:ebiz | View |
| FAIL | SQL Check | Table AUD$[FGA_LOG$] should use Automatic Segment Space Management for ebizsj | All Databases | View |
| FAIL | SQL Check | Some bigfile tablespaces do not have non-default maxbytes values set | ebiz | View |
| ...... | ...... | ....... | ...... | ...... |
| WARNING | SQL Check | Consider increasing the value of the session_cached_cursors database parameter | ebiz | View |
| WARNING | OS Check | maximum number of processes user limit (ulimit -u) for current user is NOT set to recommended value 16384 or greater | All Database Servers | View |
| ...... | ...... | ...... | ...... | ...... |
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（3）GRIDAND RDBMS Patch部分
GRID and RDBMS patch recommendation Detailed report
Detailed report for "XXdb1"
1 Recommended CRS patches for112030 from /u01/app/11.2.0.3/grid
| Patch# | CRS | ASM | RDBMS | RDBMS_HOME | Patch-Description |
| 18139678 | not-applied | n/a | not-applied | merge | GRID INFRASTRUCTURE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES DB PSU 11.2.0.3.10) |
Top?
1 Recommended RDBMS patchesfor 112030 from /u01/app/oracle/11.2.0.3/db
| Patch# | RDBMS | ASM | Type | Patch-Description |
| 18139678 | not-applied | n/a | merge | GRID INFRASTRUCTURE PATCH SET UPDATE 11.2.0.3.10 (INCLUDES DB PSU 11.2.0.3.10) |
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本文作者：黎俊杰（網名：踩點），從事”系統架構、操作系統、存儲設備、數據庫、中間件、應用程序“六個層面系統性的性能優化工作
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