MULE ESB学习笔记
寫之前的內(nèi)容時(shí)，Mule剛剛3.0.1版本，很多官方文檔還沒有更新（尤其示例代碼），維持在V2的狀態(tài)。經(jīng)過了一年多的時(shí)間，Mule社區(qū)版發(fā)展至了3.2版本，并且推出了Mule Studio可視化開發(fā)工具（當(dāng)前beta狀態(tài)，支持Mule 3.1.2）。
將以前自己驗(yàn)證的示例代碼在3.1.2版本上又跑了一遍（有些變化），在此做一下記錄。
一. 服務(wù)調(diào)用
1. Mule實(shí)現(xiàn)并提供Web Service
??? 在Mule上開發(fā)并發(fā)布一個(gè)Web Service供客戶端調(diào)用。
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1"
??????? exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic" doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
??????? doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<component doc:name="Component" doc:description="Invoke a Java component">
<singleton-object class="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
</component>
</ flow >- 測(cè)試方法
- 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1/echo/text/hello”，回車后瀏覽器中將顯示返回結(jié)果信息。地址中的“echo”是服務(wù)的方法，“text”是方法的參數(shù)，“hello”是參數(shù)的值。
2. Web Service Proxy
??? Web Service Proxy用來將客戶端的WS請(qǐng)求直接轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至相應(yīng)的遠(yuǎn)程WS服務(wù)端處理，并返回處理結(jié)果。Mule本身不做任何處理。
2.1 配置方式1
- 示例配置
<flow name="local2remote-ws">
<http:inbound-endpoint keep-alive="false" address="http://localhost:65000"
??????? encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="HTTP"
??????? doc:description="" />
<http:outbound-endpoint method="GET" keep-alive="false"
??????? address="http://localhost:5050#[header:INBOUND:http.request]" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
??????? disableTransportTransformer="false" followRedirects="false" exchange-pattern="request-response"
??????? doc:name="HTTP" doc:description="" />
</ flow >- 說明
- 注意outbound-endpoint中address參數(shù)中的表達(dá)式。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 瀏覽器中通過“http://localhost:65000/webservice/EchoService?wsdl”（將內(nèi)容復(fù)制，保存為*.wsdl），然后使用SoapUI測(cè)試。
2.2 配置方式2
- 示例配置
<pattern:web-service-proxy name="ws-proxy" inboundAddress="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo2"
??? outboundAddress="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1?method=echo">
</pattern:web-service-proxy>
- 說明
- Mule為這種常見的場景提供了現(xiàn)成的模式，以簡化配置。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 通過“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo2?wsdl”獲取wsdl文件，然后使用SoapUI測(cè)試。
3. Web Service to Web Service
??? Web Service To Web Service用于在Mule中提供Web Service供客戶端調(diào)用，Mule接收請(qǐng)求后調(diào)用遠(yuǎn)端的Web Service進(jìn)行處理，并返回結(jié)果。
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2remote-ws">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo8"
??????? disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic"
??????? doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
??????? doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<core:outbound-endpoint
??????? address="wsdl-cxf:http://server1:5050/mule-business/webservice/EchoService?wsdl&method=Echo" />
</ flow >- 說明
- 注意outbound-endpoint中address參數(shù)的配置方式，使用了wsdl-cxf前綴表示此web service是由cxf提供的。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 在瀏覽器中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo8/echo/text/hello”進(jìn)行測(cè)試。
4. Socket to Socket
??? Socket To Socket用于將客戶端的Socket請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至遠(yuǎn)程的Socket服務(wù)端處理，并返回處理結(jié)果。
- 示例配置
<flow name="tcp2tcp">
<tcp:inbound-endpoint host="localhost" port="7100" responseTimeout="10000"
??????? encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="TCP"
??????? doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
<tcp:outbound-endpoint host="localhost" port="7000" responseTimeout="10000"
??????? encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="TCP"
??????? doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
</ flow >- 說明
- 主要配置host、port參數(shù)，表明服務(wù)地址。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 通過?? SimpleServer和SimpleClient測(cè)試類，首先啟動(dòng)SimpleServer，然后啟動(dòng)SimpleClient，發(fā)送請(qǐng)求并接收處理結(jié)果。
5. JMS Topic
??? 客戶端發(fā)送Web Service請(qǐng)求，Mule將請(qǐng)求消息發(fā)送至遠(yuǎn)程JMS的Topic中。
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2jms-topic">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo3"
??????? responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" mimeType="text/plain"
??????? exchange-pattern="one-way" doc:name="Generic" doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
??????? doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<jms:outbound-endpoint topic="topic1" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
??????? disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false" exchange-pattern="one-way"
??????? connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS" doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
</flow>
<flow name="jms-topic2echo">
<jms:inbound-endpoint topic="topic1" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
??????? disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false" exchange-pattern="one-way"
??????? connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS" doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
<echo-component doc:name="Echo" doc:description="Echoes message payload." />
</ flow >- 說明
- JMS endpoint是單向的，不需要返回值。通過topic屬性指定JMS Server的Topic名稱，connector-ref指明了使用的JMS連接。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo3/echo/text/hello”發(fā)送請(qǐng)求，Mule控制臺(tái)上輸出訂閱者的處理結(jié)果（上述示例中通過Mule配置了一個(gè)JMS的訂閱者）。也可以通過ActiveMQ的控制臺(tái)，查看到Topic中增加了一條發(fā)布的消息。
二. 基于消息內(nèi)容的路由
??? Mule提供基于消息內(nèi)容的路由機(jī)制，根據(jù)消息中的指定信息，將消息發(fā)送至不同的服務(wù)端進(jìn)行處理。
1. Socket to Socket 路由
- 示例配置
<flow name="tcp2tcp-router">
<tcp:inbound-endpoint host="localhost" port="7101" responseTimeout="10000"
??????? encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="TCP"
??????? doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
<choice>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='bj'">
<tcp:outbound-endpoint host="server1" port="7101"
??????????????? responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response"
??????????????? doc:name="TCP" doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
</when>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='sh'">
<tcp:outbound-endpoint host="server1" port="7102"
??????????????? responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response"
??????????????? doc:name="TCP" doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
</when>
</choice>
</ flow >- 說明
- 路由使用了<choice>、<when>元素，表示路由分支。When元素使用evaluator指明表達(dá)式的解析方式，使用expression描述消息內(nèi)容的判斷條件。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 同Socket To Socket測(cè)試，消息內(nèi)容分別為<req><area>bj</area></req>、<req><area>sh</area></req>，查看發(fā)送至不同服務(wù)器的輸出。
2. Web Service to JMS Topic 路由
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2jms-topic-router">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo7"
??????? disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic"
??????? doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
??????? doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<choice>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='bj'">
<jms:outbound-endpoint topic="topic1" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
??????????????? disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false"
??????????????? exchange-pattern="one-way" connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS"
??????????????? doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
</when>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='sh'">
<jms:outbound-endpoint topic="topic2" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
??????????????? disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false"
??????????????? exchange-pattern="one-way" connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS"
??????????????? doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
</when>
</choice>
</ flow >- 測(cè)試方法
- 通過“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo7?wsdl”獲取wsdl文件，然后通過SoapUI發(fā)送請(qǐng)求，查看返回結(jié)果。修改消息內(nèi)容，查看結(jié)果的變化。
3. Web Service to Web Service 路由
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2jms-topic-router">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo9"
??????? disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic"
??????? doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
??????? doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<choice>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='bj'">
<core:outbound-endpoint
??????????????? address="wsdl-cxf:http://server1:5050/mule-business/webservice/CalcService?wsdl&method=processXml" />
</when>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='sh'">
<core:outbound-endpoint
??????????????? address="wsdl-cxf:http://server2:5050/mule-business/webservice/CalcService?wsdl&method=processXml" />
</when>
</choice>
</ flow >- 測(cè)試方法
- 使用“<![CDATA[<req><seq>1</seq><area>bj</area><price>123.45</price><count>10</count></req>]]>”數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。
三. 數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換
1. 壓縮解壓
??? Mule原生提供了gzip壓縮方式的Transformer。
- 示例配置
<flow name="gzip">
<stdio:inbound-endpoint ref="stdioInEndpoint" />
??? <core:string-to-byte-array-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:gzip-compress-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:gzip-uncompress-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:byte-array-to-string-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<stdio:outbound-endpoint ref="stdioOutEndpoint" />
</ flow >- 說明
- gzip-compress-transformer針對(duì)byte[]進(jìn)行壓縮處理，因此對(duì)于字符串類型的消息，首先需要通過string-to-byte-array-transformer進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 在控制臺(tái)的提示信息后輸入測(cè)試字符串，完成后控制臺(tái)輸出同樣的信息。
2. 加密解密
??? 加密、解密是一種特定的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換方式，因此通過自定義Transformer的形式支持。
- 示例配置
<flow name="encrypt">
??? <core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo11"
??????? responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" mimeType="text/plain"
??????? exchange-pattern="one-way" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
<component>
<singleton-object class="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
</component>
<core:custom-transformer class="demo.mule.transformer.DesEncryptTransformer" encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:custom-transformer class="demo.mule.transformer.DesDecryptTransformer" encoding="UTF-8" />
<stdio:outbound-endpoint ref="stdioOutEndpoint" />
</ flow >- 說明
- DesEncryptTransformer是自定義的壓縮轉(zhuǎn)換器，DesDecryptTransformer是對(duì)應(yīng)的解壓轉(zhuǎn)換器。
- 測(cè)試方法
- 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo11/echo/text/測(cè)試字符串”，在控制臺(tái)中可見加密后的字符串和最終解密后與原串相同的字符串。
3. 自定義Transformer
- 示例代碼
import demo.mule.dto.Envelope;
publicclassString2EnvelopeTransformerextendsAbstractTransformer{
privatestaticLoglog=LogFactory.getLog(String2EnvelopeTransformer.class);
@Override
protectedObjectdoTransform(Objectsrc,Stringenc)throws TransformerException {
Envelopeenv=newEnvelope();
if(srcinstanceofString){
StringTokenizerst=newStringTokenizer((String)src,",");
Stringarea=st.nextToken();
Stringdata=st.nextToken();
env.create(area,data);
}
log.debug(env);
returnenv;
}
}- 說明
- 自定義Transformer需要繼承AbstractTransformer類，實(shí)現(xiàn)其doTransform方法。該方法接收兩個(gè)參數(shù)，一個(gè)是消息對(duì)象，一個(gè)是消息的Encoding，方法拋出TransformerException，返回轉(zhuǎn)換后的消息對(duì)象。
- 實(shí)例配置
<flow name="local-ws">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1"
??????? exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic" doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
??????? doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<component doc:name="Component" doc:description="Invoke a Java component">
<singleton-object class="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
</component>
<core:custom-transformer class="demo.mule.transformer.String2EnvelopeTransformer"></core:custom-transformer>
<core:outbound-endpoint address="stdio://System.out" exchange-pattern="one-way" />
</ flow >- 測(cè)試方法
- 在瀏覽器中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1/echo/text/bj,hello”進(jìn)行測(cè)試，觀察控制臺(tái)輸出結(jié)果。
總結(jié)
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的MULE ESB学习笔记的全部內(nèi)容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
- 上一篇： 双系统怎么修改启动项 修改双系统启动项的
- 下一篇： Quartz + spring 定时任务