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05_NoSQL数据库之Redis数据库：Redis的常用命令，键值相关命令和服务器相关命令

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Redis常用命令

Redis提供了豐富的命令對數(shù)據(jù)庫和各種數(shù)據(jù)庫類型進行操作，這些命令可以再Linux終端使用。

鍵值相關命令：

Keys:返回滿足給定pattern的所有key

用表達式*表示取出所有的key

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "age"

2) "name"

3) "age2"

127.0.0.1:6379> keys a*

1) "age"

2) "age2"

127.0.0.1:6379>

Exists:確認一個key是否存在

127.0.0.1:6379> exists name

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> exists toto

(integer) 0

127.0.0.1:6379>

del:刪除一個key.

127.0.0.1:6379> set toto1 toto

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "name"

2) "age2"

3) "age"

4) "toto1"

127.0.0.1:6379> del toto1?? ??//刪除toto1這個鍵。

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> del toto1?? ??//再次刪除的時候刪除不成功

(integer) 0

127.0.0.1:6379> exists toto1?? //

(integer) 0

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "name"

2) "age2"

3) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379>

expire:設置一個key的過期時間

在本例中，設置addr這個key的過期時間是10秒，然后不斷的用ttl來獲取這個key的有效時長，直至-1，說明此值已過期。

expiree addr 10表示：對addr設置過期時間為10秒。

ttl查詢剩余的過期時間,當返回-1的時候表示已經(jīng)過期了。

127.0.0.1:6379> set age 20??? //設置一個key為age的值。

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"20"

127.0.0.1:6379> expire age 10

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) 8?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) 5

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) 3

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) -2

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) -2

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age

(integer) -2

127.0.0.1:6379> exists age

(integer) 0

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *??? //查看age是否還存在

1) "name"

2) "age2"

127.0.0.1:6379>

move:將當前數(shù)據(jù)庫中的key轉(zhuǎn)移到其它數(shù)據(jù)庫中。

選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫，要用到select,select 0表示選擇到當前數(shù)據(jù)庫。Select 1表示第二個數(shù)據(jù)庫，一共是從0到15個數(shù)據(jù)庫，總共是16個數(shù)據(jù)庫。（注意，進入redis的時候默認進入的是0數(shù)據(jù)庫）

127.0.0.1:6379> select 0

127.0.0.1:6379> set age 30

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

"30"

127.0.0.1:6379> move age 1

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> get age

(nil)

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get age

"30"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

persist:移除給定key的過期時間

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> expire age 300? ?//設置age的過期時間為300

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl age

(integer) 297

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl age

(integer) 293

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> persist age?? ?//取消age的過期

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl age

(integer) -1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists age

(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

randomkey:隨機返回key空間的一個key

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "gender"

2) "name"

3) "address"

4) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> randomkey?????? //隨機獲得一個key

"gender"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> randomkey

"address"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> randomkey

"gender"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

rename:重命名key

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "gender"

2) "name"

3) "address"

4) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> rename age nianling??? 將age這個key重新命名為nianling

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "gender"

2) "name"

3) "address"

4) "nianling"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

type:返回鍵的數(shù)據(jù)類型

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> type name

string

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

服務器的相關命令

ping:測試連接是否存活

echo:在命令行打印一些內(nèi)容

127.0.0.1:6379> echo toto

"toto"

127.0.0.1:6379> echo toto2

"toto2"

select:選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫.Redis數(shù)據(jù)庫編號從0~15，我們可以選擇任意一個數(shù)據(jù)庫來進行數(shù)據(jù)的存取。

當選擇16時，報錯，說明沒有編號為16的這個數(shù)據(jù)庫。

quit:退出連接，或者exit

dbsize:返回當前數(shù)據(jù)庫中key的數(shù)目。

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "age2"

2) "name"

127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize????

(integer) 2??????????????? //返回0表示有2個key

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "gender"

2) "name"

3) "address"

4) "nianling"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> dbsize

(integer) 4???????????????? //返回4表示有4個key

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

info:獲取服務器的信息和統(tǒng)計

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> info

# Server

redis_version:2.8.19

redis_git_sha1:00000000

redis_git_dirty:0

redis_build_id:b80fb73838c77f5a

redis_mode:standalone

os:Linux 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 x86_64

arch_bits:64

multiplexing_api:epoll

gcc_version:4.4.7

process_id:5136

run_id:607e299bec2e4e492d138ee1a5a29871d0062e24

tcp_port:6379

uptime_in_seconds:2863

uptime_in_days:0

hz:10

lru_clock:14609760

config_file:

# Clients

connected_clients:1

client_longest_output_list:0

client_biggest_input_buf:0

blocked_clients:0

# Memory

used_memory:504152

used_memory_human:492.34K

used_memory_rss:7958528

used_memory_peak:504152

used_memory_peak_human:492.34K

used_memory_lua:35840

mem_fragmentation_ratio:15.79

mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0

# Persistence

loading:0

rdb_changes_since_last_save:8

rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0

rdb_last_save_time:1423893041

rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok

rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1

rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1

aof_enabled:0

aof_rewrite_in_progress:0

aof_rewrite_scheduled:0

aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1

aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1

aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok

aof_last_write_status:ok

# Stats

total_connections_received:1

total_commands_processed:40

instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0

total_net_input_bytes:969

total_net_output_bytes:584

instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00

instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00

rejected_connections:0

sync_full:0

sync_partial_ok:0

sync_partial_err:0

expired_keys:0

evicted_keys:0

keyspace_hits:7

keyspace_misses:1

pubsub_channels:0

pubsub_patterns:0

latest_fork_usec:0

# Replication

role:master

connected_slaves:0

master_repl_offset:0

repl_backlog_active:0

repl_backlog_size:1048576

repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0

repl_backlog_histlen:0

# CPU

used_cpu_sys:3.51

used_cpu_user:0.93

used_cpu_sys_children:0.00

used_cpu_user_children:0.00

# Keyspace

db0:keys=2,expires=0,avg_ttl=0

db1:keys=4,expires=0,avg_ttl=0

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

config get:實時傳儲收到的請求。

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> config get *

? 1) "dbfilename"

? 2) "dump.rdb"

? 3) "requirepass"

? 4) ""

? 5) "masterauth"

? 6) ""

? 7) "unixsocket"

? 8) ""

? 9) "logfile"

?10) ""

?11) "pidfile"

?12) "/var/run/redis.pid"

?13) "maxmemory"

?14) "0"

?15) "maxmemory-samples"

?16) "3"

?17) "timeout"

?18) "0"

?19) "tcp-keepalive"

?20) "0"

?21) "auto-aof-rewrite-percentage"

?22) "100"

?23) "auto-aof-rewrite-min-size"

?24) "67108864"

?25) "hash-max-ziplist-entries"

?26) "512"

?27) "hash-max-ziplist-value"

?28) "64"

?29) "list-max-ziplist-entries"

?30) "512"

?31) "list-max-ziplist-value"

?32) "64"

?33) "set-max-intset-entries"

?34) "512"

?35) "zset-max-ziplist-entries"

?36) "128"

?37) "zset-max-ziplist-value"

?38) "64"

?39) "hll-sparse-max-bytes"

?40) "3000"

?41) "lua-time-limit"

?42) "5000"

?43) "slowlog-log-slower-than"

?44) "10000"

?45) "latency-monitor-threshold"

?46) "0"

?47) "slowlog-max-len"

?48) "128"

?49) "port"

?50) "6379"

?51) "tcp-backlog"

?52) "511"

?53) "databases"

?54) "16"

?55) "repl-ping-slave-period"

?56) "10"

?57) "repl-timeout"

?58) "60"

?59) "repl-backlog-size"

?60) "1048576"

?61) "repl-backlog-ttl"

?62) "3600"

?63) "maxclients"

?64) "4064"

?65) "watchdog-period"

?66) "0"

?67) "slave-priority"

?68) "100"

?69) "min-slaves-to-write"

?70) "0"

?71) "min-slaves-max-lag"

?72) "10"

?73) "hz"

?74) "10"

?75) "repl-diskless-sync-delay"

?76) "5"

?77) "no-appendfsync-on-rewrite"

?78) "no"

?79) "slave-serve-stale-data"

?80) "yes"

?81) "slave-read-only"

?82) "yes"

?83) "stop-writes-on-bgsave-error"

?84) "yes"

?85) "daemonize"

?86) "no"

?87) "rdbcompression"

?88) "yes"

?89) "rdbchecksum"

?90) "yes"

?91) "activerehashing"

?92) "yes"

?93) "repl-disable-tcp-nodelay"

?94) "no"

?95) "repl-diskless-sync"

?96) "no"

?97) "aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync"

?98) "yes"

?99) "aof-load-truncated"

100) "yes"

101) "appendonly"

102) "no"

103) "dir"

104) "/usr/local/redis/bin"

105) "maxmemory-policy"

106) "volatile-lru"

107) "appendfsync"

108) "everysec"

109) "save"

110) "3600 1 300 100 60 10000"

111) "loglevel"

112) "notice"

113) "client-output-buffer-limit"

114) "normal 0 0 0 slave 268435456 67108864 60 pubsub 33554432 8388608 60"

115) "unixsocketperm"

116) "0"

117) "slaveof"

118) ""

119) "notify-keyspace-events"

120) ""

121) "bind"

122) ""

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> config get timeout

1) "timeout"

2) "0"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

flushdb:刪除當前選擇數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有key（也就是說flushdb的作用是清空當前數(shù)據(jù)庫）

127.0.0.1:6379[2]> select 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set age 20

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name zhangsan

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set gender male

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "name"

2) "gender"

3) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> flushdb

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

(empty list or set)

127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

flushall:刪除所有數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有key(這個命令不管你在哪個數(shù)據(jù)庫中執(zhí)行，都會把所有數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有key都刪除掉)。

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 0

127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize

(integer) 3

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

1) "name"

2) "age"

3) "age2"

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

(empty list or set)

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set age 1

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name zhangsan????? 左側(cè)用來確定0 和 1 數(shù)據(jù)庫是否有key

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

1) "name"

2) "age"

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> dbsize

(integer) 2

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> flushall????????? ?//執(zhí)行了flushall之后0和1數(shù)據(jù)庫都變成空了

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *

(empty list or set)

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 0

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *

(empty list or set)

127.0.0.1:6379>

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