Nginx安装，Nginx静态缓存，Nginx Gzip压缩，Nginx负载均衡，Nginx方向代理，Nginx+Tomcat+Redis做session共享
Nginx安裝
nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz安裝，參考http://blog.csdn.net/tototuzuoquan/article/details/47381907。
修改nginx.conf的配置文件
| #user? nobody; worker_processes? 8; ? error_log? logs/error.log; error_log? logs/error.log? notice; error_log? logs/error.log? info; ? #pid??????? logs/nginx.pid; ? events { ??? worker_connections? 1024; } ? http { ??? include?????? mime.types; ??? default_type? application/octet-stream; ? ??? log_format? main? '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' ????????????????????? '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' ????????????????????? '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; ? ??? access_log? /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log?? main; ??? ??? charset utf-8; ? ??? server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; ??? client_header_buffer_size 64k; ??? large_client_header_buffers 4 64k; ??? client_max_body_size 200m; ? ??? ##cache###### ??? proxy_connect_timeout 5; ??? proxy_read_timeout 60; ??? proxy_send_timeout 5; ??? proxy_buffer_size 16k; ??? proxy_buffers 4 64k; ??? proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; ??? proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; ##設置臨時目錄,其中/data/tpl_nginx_cache_dir/temp和/data/tpl_nginx_cache_dir/cache在同級目錄下，若這個目錄沒有，請自行創建（目錄名稱啥的沒有要求限制），這里我創建在了/data下面。 proxy_temp_path /data/tpl_nginx_cache_dir/temp; ??? ##設置緩存目錄為二級目錄，共享內存區大小，非活動時間，最大容量，注意臨時目錄要跟緩存目錄在同一個分區 ??? proxy_cache_path /data/tpl_nginx_cache_dir/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g; ??? ##cache###### ? ??? sendfile??????? on; ??? #tcp_nopush???? on; ? ??? #keepalive_timeout? 0; ??? keepalive_timeout? 65; ? ??? #開啟Gzip壓縮 ??? gzip? on; ??? #不壓縮臨界值，大于1k的才壓縮，一般不用改 ??? gzip_min_length 1k; ??? #buffer相關設置 ??? gzip_buffers 4 16; ??? #用了反向代理的話，末端通信是HTTP/1.0,默認是Http/1.1 ? ??#gzip_http_version 1.0; ??? #壓縮級別，1~10，數字越大壓縮的越好，時間也越長 ??? gzip_comp_level 3; ??? #進行壓縮的文件類型，缺啥補啥就行了，JavaScript有兩種寫法，最好都寫上吧，總有人抱怨js文件沒有壓縮，其實多寫一種格式就行了 ??? gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png; ??? #跟Squid等緩存服務有關，on的話會在Header里增加"Vary: Accept-Encoding"，我不需要這玩意，自己對照情況看著辦吧 ??? gzip_vary off; ??? #IE6對Gzip不怎么友好，不給它Gzip了 ??? gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; ?????? ??? #下面的ip表示的是部署不同tomcat的ip和tomcat的端口 ?????? upstream LoadBalanceMachine { ?????? ??? server 192.168.1.249:8080 weight=1; ?????? ??? server 192.168.1.249:9002 weight=1; ?????? } ?????? ??? #下面的意思是監聽192.168.1.249服務器上的80端口。 ?????? server { ?????? ??? listen 80; ????????????? server_name 192.168.1.249; ????????????? charset utf-8; ????????????? ????????????? location / { ????????????? ??? #root html; ???????????????????? #index index.html index.htm; ???????????????????? proxy_pass http://LoadBalanceMachine; ???????????????????? client_max_body_size? 200m; ??????????? #下面必須設置，下面的意思是讓LoadBalanceMachine解析的時候被解析到實際的ip ???????????????????? proxy_set_header??????? Host $host; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Real-IP $remote_addr; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; ????????????? } ????????????? ??????? #下面這個是配置云專題門戶的，對于本地部署版本的專題，可以不配置這個內容 ????????????? location ^~ /project1{ ??????????? proxy_pass http://LoadBalanceMachine; #下面必須設置，下面的意思是讓LoadBalanceMachine解析的時候被解析到實際的ip ???????????????????? proxy_set_header??????? Host $host; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Real-IP $remote_addr; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; ??????? } ????????????? ??????? #下面這個是配置云專題門戶的，對于本地部署版本的專題，可以不配置這個內容 ????????????? location ~ .*/project1/ { ??????????? rewrite ^/(.*)/project1/(.*)$ http://LoadBalanceMachine/project1/$2; ??? ?????? } ????????????? ??????? #下面的意思表示的意思是部署專題project2。這個名稱是自己部署的專題的 ????????????? location ^~ /project2 { ??????????? proxy_pass http://LoadBalanceMachine; ??????????? #下面必須設置，下面的意思是讓LoadBalanceMachine解析的時候被解析到實際的ip ???????????????????? proxy_set_header??????? Host $host; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Real-IP $remote_addr; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; ????????????? } ? ??????? #這個必須要寫 ????????????? location ~ .*/project2/ { ???????????????????? rewrite ^/(.*)/project2/(.*)$ http://LoadBalanceMachine/project2/$2; ????????????? } ? ??????? #下面的配置是對靜態資源做nginx靜態緩存的過程。 ????????????? location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|htm|html|css|js|flv|ico|swf)(.*) { ????????????? ??? proxy_pass http://LoadBalanceMachine; ????????????? ??? proxy_redirect off; ??????????? proxy_set_header Host $host; ????????????? ??? ##設置緩存共享區塊，也就是keys_zone名稱。 ??????????? proxy_cache cache_one; ????????????? ??? ##設置http狀態碼為200,302緩存時間為1小時。 ??????????? proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h; ??????????? proxy_cache_valid 301 1d; ??????????? proxy_cache_valid any 1m; ????????????? ??? ##設置過期時間，為30天 ??????????? expires 30d; ????????????? } ????????????? ??????? #配置靜態緩存的時候，下面的必須配置的，當訪問.action結尾的內容的時候，訪問到實際位置的action ????????????? location ~ .*\.(action)(.*) { ????????????? ??? proxy_pass http://LoadBalanceMachine; ??????????? #下面必須設置，下面的意思是讓LoadBalanceMachine解析的時候被解析到實際的ip ????????????? ??? proxy_set_header??????? Host $host; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Real-IP $remote_addr; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; ????????????? } ????????????? ?????? ?#配置靜態靜態緩存的時候，下面的必須配置的，當訪問.action結尾的內容的時候，訪問到實際位置的action ????????????? location ~ .*\.(jsp)(.*) { ????????????? ??? proxy_pass http://LoadBalanceMachine; ??????????? #下面必須設置，下面的意思是讓LoadBalanceMachine解析的時候被解析到實際的ip ????????????? ??? proxy_set_header??????? Host $host; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Real-IP $remote_addr; ??????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; ????????????? } ?????? } ?????? } |
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Redis安裝
redis-3.2.6.tar.gz安裝，參考方式：
| 用源碼工程來編譯安裝 1、? 到官網下載最新stable版，這里使用的是：redis-3.2.6.tar.gz 2、? cd /usr/local ? 3、? make redis-src 4、? tar -zxvf ? ?redis-3.2.6.tar.gz? -C? ./redis-src/ 2、解壓源碼并進入目錄cd ?/usr/local/redis-src/redis-3.2.6 3、?先執行make，檢查是否報錯 如果報錯提示缺少gcc，則安裝gcc ：? yum install -y gcc 如果報錯提示：Newer version ofjemalloc required 則在make時加參數：make MALLOC=libc （如果沒有報錯，直接使用make命令） ? 4、安裝redis，指定安裝目錄,如 /usr/local/redis make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install ? 5、拷貝一份配置文件到安裝目錄下 切換到源碼目錄，里面有一份配置文件redis.conf，然后將其拷貝到安裝路徑下 cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis/ ? 6、啟動redis cd /usr/local/redis bin/redis-server redis.conf ? （如果想后臺進程運行，修改：daemonize yes） ? vim redis.conf 將下面的變量修改為： daemonize yes ? 將bind的id換成真實的ip地址，比如： bind 192.168.1.1 ? 在集群配置中，要對redis配置密碼，修改的配置是將redis.conf這個文件的下面的變量配置成如下的： requirepass cloudTplWebapp??? （這里設置一個密碼：cloudTplWebapp） 7、連接redis 另開一個xshell，然后： #cd /usr/local/redis/ [root@hadoop redis]# bin/redis-cli? 127.0.0.1:6379> ? 設置timeout中的值為120 bin/redis-server redis.conf bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.106.103 client list 查看客戶端連接情況
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tomcat-redis-session-manager開源項目的使用
1、開源項目地址：https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager
2、下載代碼之后需要進行重新編譯，生成所需要的jar，任意創建maven項目，將src下的代碼拷貝到具體位置，如下：
maven的pom.xml文件如下：
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" ???????? xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ???????? xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> ??? <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> ? ??? <groupId>com.ufind.session</groupId> ??? <artifactId>tomcat-redis-session</artifactId> ??? <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> ? ??? <dependencies> ??????? <dependency> ??????????? <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId> ??????????? <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId> ??????????? <version>7.0.27</version> ??????? </dependency> ??????? <dependency> ??????????? <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> ??????????? <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> ??????????? <version>2.7.2</version> ??????? </dependency> ??? </dependencies> ? ??? <build> ??????? <plugins> ??????????? <plugin> ??????????????? <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> ??????????????? <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> ??????????????? <version>3.0</version> ??????????? ????<configuration> ??????????????????? <source>1.7</source> ??????????????????? <target>1.7</target> ??????????????????? <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> ??????????????? </configuration> ??????????? </plugin> ??????? </plugins> ??? </build> ? </project> |
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3、然后打開terminal，執行mvn clean 和mvn install 將編譯好的代碼打包為：tomcat-redis-session-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
4、將tomcat-redis-session-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar、jedis-2.7.3.jar、commons-pool2-2.3.jar三個jar包分別放在tomcat1和tomcat2實例下的lib目錄下。
圖 32 jar包所在位置
5、修改tomcat實例下conf/contex.xml文件
| <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <!-- ? Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more ? contributor license agreements.? See the NOTICE file distributed with ? this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. ? The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 ? (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with ? the License.? You may obtain a copy of the License at ? ????? http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 ? ? Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software ? distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, ? WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. ? See the License for the specific language governing permissions and ? limitations under the License. --> <!-- The contents of this file will be loaded for each web application --> <Context> ? ??? <!-- Default set of monitored resources --> ??? <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource> ? ??? <!-- Uncomment this to disable session persistence across Tomcat restarts --> ??? <!-- ??? <Manager pathname="" /> ??? --> ? ??? <!-- Uncomment this to enable Comet connection tacking (provides events ???????? on session expiration as well as webapp lifecycle) --> ??? <!-- ??? <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.CometConnectionManagerValve" /> ??? --> ?? <!— tomcat-redis-session共享配置，下面的host表示的是redis的ip地址。 port：表示的意思是redis的端口。 password：表示的意思是redis的password (這里就是5.2.2中Redis配置的password的值，如果不配置密碼 database：選擇的redis的db是0) --> ??? <Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" /> ?????? <Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager" ???????????????????? ?host="192.168.1.1" ???????????????????? ?port="6379" ???????????????????? ?database="0" ???????????????????? ?password="cloudTplWebapp" ???????????????????? ?maxInactiveInterval="60" /> </Context> |
分別修改：/data/tomcat1/bin和? /data/tomcat2/bin 下的catalina.sh,修改JVM參數信息和指定JDK
| export "JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m" export "JAVA_HOME=/data/jdk8-for-tomcat7/jdk1.8.0_121" |
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最后，重啟一下tomcat。
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總結
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的Nginx安装，Nginx静态缓存，Nginx Gzip压缩，Nginx负载均衡，Nginx方向代理，Nginx+Tomcat+Redis做session共享的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
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