Docker快速安装与快速入门
一、軟件版本
操作系統(tǒng):Centos 7.0
二、開始安裝:
http://www.daocloud.io/
由于國內(nèi)的源比較卡,所以我們推薦使用daocloud的方式,注冊(cè)安裝即可:
為了快速拉取鏡像,還要接daocloud.因?yàn)樵趪鴥?nèi)通常拉取Docker hub的鏡像都是被墻的。
[root@localhost ~]# curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://681a96df.m.daocloud.io docker version >= 1.12 {"registry-mirrors": ["http://681a96df.m.daocloud.io"],"live-restore": true } Success. You need to restart docker to take effect: sudo systemctl restart docker實(shí)際上是相關(guān)配置寫入了,
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json {"registry-mirrors": ["http://681a96df.m.daocloud.io"],"live-restore": true }指定去這個(gè)倉庫下,因?yàn)槟J(rèn)是去官方的Docker hub下載鏡像的。
然后重啟docker:
2、我們也可以看一下到底docker 讀取的是哪個(gè)配置文件,不同版本可能不一樣:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status docker ● docker.service - Docker Application Container EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since 六 2018-08-18 11:46:11 CST; 42s agoDocs: https://docs.docker.comMain PID: 40649 (dockerd)Tasks: 29Memory: 47.4MCGroup: /system.slice/docker.service├─40649 /usr/bin/dockerd└─40657 docker-containerd --config /var/run/docker/containerd/containerd.toml8月 18 11:46:10 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:10.860628488+08:00" level=info msg="pickfirstBalancer:...e=grpc 8月 18 11:46:10 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:10.860794413+08:00" level=info msg="pickfirstBalancer:...e=grpc 8月 18 11:46:10 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:10.860811302+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start." 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:11.113070064+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (do...dress" 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:11.164857941+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done." 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:11.181541949+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" com...6.0-ce 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:11.181666174+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has complet...ation" 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:11.189756196+08:00" level=warning msg="Could not regis...$PATH" 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain dockerd[40649]: time="2018-08-18T11:46:11.195308654+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var....sock" 8月 18 11:46:11 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full. [root@localhost ~]#這里我們知道centos讀取的是/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service這個(gè)文件。啟動(dòng)的相關(guān)參數(shù),后面再慢慢開始
Tcp:
Vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[root@master ~]# docker -H 192.168.63.200:2375 images
三、開始基本操作:
1、查看有沒有鏡像:
[root@localhost ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE upstram_nginx latest f3c5dcc79825 8 days ago 669 MB lnmp/nginx 0.2 9fe8cdcb3e43 8 days ago 669 MB一個(gè)鏡像的標(biāo)識(shí)由倉庫信息+tag構(gòu)成
比方說我們啟動(dòng)可以用Image ID來標(biāo)識(shí),或者lnmp/nginx:0.2這樣標(biāo)識(shí),不寫后面默認(rèn)是lastest
2、有鏡像之后我們可以啟動(dòng)一個(gè)容器:
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -dit -P nginx Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally latest: Pulling from library/nginx be8881be8156: Pull complete 32d9726baeef: Pull complete 87e5e6f71297: Pull complete Digest: sha256:4ffd9758ea9ea360fd87d0cee7a2d1cf9dba630bb57ca36b3108dcd3708dc189 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest cf05d1459d716965c21e8c30fff3dede10744029cbc46db4620e532789762448 [root@localhost ~]#docker run 后面常用選項(xiàng):
--name:指定容器名稱 -P:隨機(jī)映射端口 -v:實(shí)現(xiàn)文件或者目錄掛載 -i:交互 -t:tty我們啟動(dòng)一個(gè)容器,默認(rèn)沒有指定后面的tag標(biāo)簽就是變成:nginx:latest,然后我們可以看到本地沒有鏡像的話就會(huì)去遠(yuǎn)端的Docker hub下載。
3、查看一下docker 當(dāng)前運(yùn)行有哪些鏡像:
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES cf05d1459d71 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:32768->80/tcp serene_boyd [root@localhost ~]#當(dāng)容器停止之后,我們需要用docker ps –a來查看所有鏡像。
可以看到當(dāng)前運(yùn)行一個(gè)nginx的鏡像,名稱因?yàn)槲覀儧]有指定是隨機(jī)起的叫g(shù)ifted_aryabhata。然后nginx 的80端口映射到本機(jī)的32768端口。
4、測試一下:
[root@localhost ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:32768 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style>body {width: 35em;margin: 0 auto;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;} </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html> [root@localhost ~]#可以看到是能夠訪問的。
5、我們可以查看相關(guān)容器的日志:
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs cf05d1459d71 172.17.0.1 - - [18/Aug/2018:04:00:05 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-" [root@localhost ~]#6、當(dāng)然我們也可以登錄容器:
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it cf05d1459d71 /bin/bash root@cf05d1459d71:/#總結(jié)
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