tcp編程中寫的一個簡單的單項傳輸數據的小例子，和上一節一樣，分為客戶端和服務端程序，下面看一下界面的效果。


創建的方法和之前一樣，上面上代碼：
客戶端
Client.h

#ifndef CLIENT_H #define CLIENT_H#include <QDialog> #include <QAbstractSocket>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE namespace Ui { class Client; } QT_END_NAMESPACE class QTcpSocket; class Client : public QDialog {Q_OBJECTpublic:Client(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Client();private slots:void displayTip();void errorTip(QAbstractSocket::SocketError);void on_sendButton_clicked();void on_connectButton_clicked(bool checked);void on_textEdit_cursorPositionChanged();private:Ui::Client *ui;QTcpSocket *tcpClient;qint8 flag; }; #endif // CLIENT_H

Client.cpp

#include "client.h" #include "ui_client.h" #include <QtNetwork> #include <QMessageBox> #include <QDebug> /*問題描述 @1 再次輸入要發送的文本時，上次發送成功的提示依舊存在； @2 斷開連接后，上次發送成功的提示依舊存在；*/ Client::Client(QWidget *parent): QDialog(parent), ui(new Ui::Client),flag(0) {ui->setupUi(this);setWindowTitle(tr("客戶端"));tcpClient = new QTcpSocket(this);connect(tcpClient,&QTcpSocket::connected,this,&Client::displayTip);void (QTcpSocket:: *errorSign)(QAbstractSocket::SocketError) = &QTcpSocket::error;connect(tcpClient,errorSign,this,&Client::errorTip);ui->connectButton->setText(tr("連接"));ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("未連接"));ui->tipLabel->setText(tr(" "));ui->sendButton->setEnabled(false); }Client::~Client() {delete ui; }void Client::displayTip() {ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("連接成功"));ui->sendButton->setEnabled(true); }void Client::errorTip(QAbstractSocket::SocketError) {qDebug()<<"發生錯誤："<<tcpClient->errorString();tcpClient->abort();ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("連接已斷開"));ui->tipLabel->setText(tr(" "));ui->connectButton->setText(tr("連接"));flag = 1;// qDebug()<<"flag = 1"; }void Client::on_sendButton_clicked() {QString str = ui->textEdit->toPlainText();QByteArray text = str.toUtf8();//返回一個字符串的utf-8形式，可以表示所有字符 // QByteArray text = str.toLatin1();//只能輸出英文和數字，即拉丁文,漢字會被？代替 // QByteArray text = str.toLocal8Bit();//只能輸出英文和數字，漢字會被亂碼qint64 bytes = tcpClient->write(text);if(bytes > 0){ // qDebug()<<"發送成功！";ui->textEdit->clear();ui->tipLabel->setText(tr("數據發送成功!"));} }void Client::on_connectButton_clicked(bool checked) {if(ui->IPLineEdit->text().isEmpty() || ui->portLineEdit->text().isEmpty()){QMessageBox::information(this,tr("警告"),tr("請查看主機名或端口是否已輸入"));return ;}if(checked || flag == 1){ui->connectButton->setText(tr("斷開連接"));ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("連接中......"));ui->tipLabel->setText(tr(" "));tcpClient->connectToHost(ui->IPLineEdit->text(),ui->portLineEdit->text().toInt());}else{ui->connectButton->setText(tr("連接"));ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("未連接"));ui->tipLabel->setText(tr(" ")); // tcpClient->disconnectFromHost();//等待所有數據傳輸完成后，關閉套接字 // tcpClient->close();//不會立即關閉套接字tcpClient->abort();//立即關閉套接字} }void Client::on_textEdit_cursorPositionChanged() {ui->tipLabel->setText(tr(" ")); }

服務端的程序：
Server.h

#ifndef SERVER_H #define SERVER_H#include <QDialog> #include <QAbstractSocket>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE namespace Ui { class Server; } QT_END_NAMESPACEclass QTcpServer; class QTcpSocket;class Server : public QDialog {Q_OBJECTpublic:Server(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Server();private slots:void dataDisplayTip();void recevieData();void dealData();void errorTip(QAbstractSocket::SocketError);void on_listenButton_clicked();void on_disconnectButton_clicked();private:Ui::Server *ui;QTcpServer * myServer;QTcpSocket *socketConnected; }; #endif // SERVER_H

Server.cpp

#include "server.h" #include "ui_server.h" #include <QtNetwork> #include <QTimer> #include <QDebug>/*問題描述 @1 客戶端單一方面斷開與服務器的連接時，服務器不應該顯示為連接異常； @2 服務器在與客戶端連接的過程中，可以選擇單方面斷開與客戶端的連接； @3 客戶端發送中文時，服務端顯示亂碼；*/Server::Server(QWidget *parent): QDialog(parent), ui(new Ui::Server) {ui->setupUi(this);myServer = new QTcpServer(this);connect(myServer,&QTcpServer::newConnection,this,&Server::recevieData); // connect(myServer,&QTcpServer::connected,this,&Server::tipInfo);ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("未建立連接"));ui->RecevieDataLabel->setText(tr(" "));}Server::~Server() {delete ui; }void Server::dataDisplayTip() {ui->RecevieDataLabel->setText(tr(" ")); }void Server::recevieData() {ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("連接成功"));socketConnected = myServer->nextPendingConnection();connect(socketConnected,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Server::dealData);void (QTcpSocket:: *errorSign)(QAbstractSocket::SocketError) = &QTcpSocket::error;connect(socketConnected,errorSign,this,&Server::errorTip);myServer->close(); }void Server::dealData() {if(socketConnected->bytesAvailable()>0){QString str = socketConnected->readAll();//QByteArray dataui->textEdit->append(str);ui->RecevieDataLabel->setText(tr("消息接收完成！"));QTimer *timer = new QTimer(this);connect(timer,SIGNAL(timeout()),this,SLOT(dataDisplayTip()));timer->start(2000);} }void Server::errorTip(QAbstractSocket::SocketError) {qDebug()<<socketConnected->errorString();ui->listenButton->setEnabled(true);socketConnected->close();myServer->close();ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("連接中斷"));ui->RecevieDataLabel->setText(tr(" ")); }void Server::on_listenButton_clicked() {if(!myServer->listen(QHostAddress::LocalHost,6787)){qDebug()<<"監聽失敗！";ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("監聽失敗！"));myServer->close();}ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("監聽成功"));ui->RecevieDataLabel->setText(tr(" "));ui->listenButton->setEnabled(false); }void Server::on_disconnectButton_clicked() {ui->statusLabel->setText(tr("連接中斷"));ui->RecevieDataLabel->setText(tr(" "));ui->listenButton->setEnabled(true);socketConnected->disconnectFromHost();myServer->close(); }

先運行服務端程序，點擊監聽按鈕，再運行客戶端程序，輸入IP和端口，同樣程序之間實現的是本地地址通信，端口6787，主機名或ip都可以，點擊連接，若主機名和IP沒有填寫，直接點擊連接，會彈出提示窗口，提示查看IP和端口的填寫情況，對話框下面會顯示連接狀態，連接成功后，輸入要發送的內容，點擊發送按鈕可以發送信息，會有相應的發送和接收數據成功與否的顯示。
效果圖如下：

該注意的點：
在數據傳輸的過程中，編碼格式的一致，否則會導致亂碼，代碼中含有我對與一些函數的理解，加以記錄，以備后用。

總結

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