如何用英文形容地理位置？

形容地理位置時(shí)，英文常見(jiàn)用詞包括：lie、sit、stand、be located、be situated。這些詞都有「位于、坐落于」的意思。其中，又可區(qū)分為主動(dòng)及被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種表達(dá)：

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：lie、sit、stand

如果主詞是「人」，lie、sit、stand 可以用來(lái)表達(dá)「躺、坐、站」等不同姿勢(shì)。但如果前面是「物」，lie、sit、stand 則有「位于、坐落于」的意思。

● 基本句型：主詞 + lie / sit / stand + 地方副詞

Lie、sit、stand 后面不直接加上受詞，而會(huì)加上地方副詞，也就是「介系詞 + 地方」。例如：

That small town sits 60 miles to the east of us.(那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)位于我們東邊六十英里處。)

搭配「表方位相對(duì)位置」的介系詞 to，以及地方 the east of us「我們東邊」。

The tropical island lies 150 miles from the coastline.(那座熱帶島嶼距離海岸線 150 英里。)

搭配「表距離」的介系詞 from，以及地方 the coastline「海岸線」。

● 倒裝句型：地方副詞 + lie / sit / stand + 主詞

除了基本句型，不少英文文章為了讓句型更加優(yōu)美，會(huì)使用地方副詞放句首的倒裝句型。例如：

On the hillside stand rows of ramshackle redbrick buildings.(山腰上佇立著幾排搖搖欲墜的紅磚建筑。)

要注意的是：lie、sit、stand 會(huì)「跟著后面的主詞」進(jìn)行變化，所以這句的 stand 要跟著后面的復(fù)數(shù)主詞 rows of ramshackle redbrick buildings，使用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式。

● 細(xì)微差異

表示「位于、坐落于」的時(shí)候，lie、sit、stand 等詞通常可以互用，但如果明顯是較平面的事物，象是河流，較常用 lie。例如：

You must go see the mighty river lying on the eastern side of the mountain range.(你一定要去看看位在山脈東側(cè)的那條大河。)

相反地，如果是明顯有高度的事物，象是城堡，較常用 stand。例如：

On top of the hill stands an ancient castle overlooking a winding river.(有座古堡矗立在山頂，俯視著蜿蜒的河流。)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：be located、be situated

使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) be located、be situated 表示地理位置時(shí)，句型跟 lie、sit、stand 類似。

● 基本句型：主詞 + be located / be situated + 地方副詞

后面同樣不直接加上受詞，而會(huì)加上地方副詞(介系詞 + 地方)。例如：

The Gothic cathedral is located on Fifth Avenue.(那座哥德式教堂位于第五大道。)

搭配介系詞 on，以及地方 Fifth Avenue「第五大道」。

The formidable medieval fortress is situated near the shore, not far from the fishing village.(那座威嚴(yán)的中世紀(jì)堡壘就矗立在海岸附近，距離那個(gè)小漁村不遠(yuǎn)。)

搭配介系詞 near，以及地方 the shore「海岸」。

簡(jiǎn)而言之，描述地理位置的常見(jiàn)用詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 lie、sit、stand 及被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 be located、be situated。學(xué)會(huì)這些用法之后，也別忘了找機(jī)會(huì)翻翻國(guó)外雜志或?qū)嶋H在生活中用用看喔。

locate
1.找出…的準(zhǔn)確位置
2.把…安置在(或建造于)
3.創(chuàng)辦于(某地)

1.?Then we’ll have Gwen Meighen locate this guy they’re worried about, because it’s a sure thing none of us can’t show up…, or we’ll alert him.
然后讓桂溫·米恩去查找他們不放心的那個(gè)家伙的席次，我們?nèi)苏l(shuí)也不能去，這是肯定的，以免打草驚蛇。

2.?The markets locate at severing middle and high-end markets.
公司的產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)定位是服務(wù)于中高端市場(chǎng)。

3.?The markets locate at severing middle and high end markets.
公司的產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)定位是服務(wù)于中高端市場(chǎng)。

4.?The glacier will be shifting before long. There' 11 be no sign of him in the morning, and he' 11 be difficult to locateagain.
馬上就要發(fā)生雪崩了。如果等到明天早上，我們就連尸體的影子也見(jiàn)不到了，再找出來(lái)又要費(fèi)好大的勁兒。”

5.?Insect Spread- Natural dispersal occurs when newly emerged adults fly up to 1,000 meters per each flight to locate new host material (Thier 1997).
昆蟲(chóng)傳播——當(dāng)新羽化的成蟲(chóng)進(jìn)行自然擴(kuò)散時(shí)，每次飛行到新的寄主材料上的距離可達(dá)1000米(Thier1997)。

situate
1.使位于，使處于…地位(位置)

參考例句

1.?A freehold property situate in the borough of richmond.
位于里士滿行政區(qū)的完全保有房產(chǎn)。

2.?The council are trying to decide where to situate the new hospital.
委員會(huì)正試圖決定將新醫(yī)院建在何處。

3.?The company wants to situate its headquarters in the north.
公司想把總部設(shè)在北方.

4.?situate a monument on the hillside
在山坡上建一座紀(jì)念碑

5.?To place in particular circumstances or conditions;situate.
使處于特定情況或條件下;使…置于

比較兩個(gè)詞的英語(yǔ)解釋：實(shí)際上，真正弄懂一些詞的區(qū)別，還是要認(rèn)真研究它們的英文釋義，這樣對(duì)大家弄清它們的區(qū)別是很有幫助的。這就是為什么，學(xué)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，起初都要買一本Longman字典，它是英英字典，用2000左右的英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋。

Locate：

1.discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining

Can you locate your cousins in the Midwest?

My search turned up nothing

2.determine or indicate the place, site, or limits of, as if by an instrument or by a survey

Our sense of sight enables us to locate objects in space

Locate the boundaries of the property

同：Situate

Situate：

1.?determine or indicate the place, site, or limits of, as if by an instrument or by a survey

?Our sense of sight enables us to locate objects in space

??Locate the boundaries of the property

[同]locate

2.?put (something somewhere) firmly

通過(guò)上面的比較，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)：

簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)講，locate 和situate都可以表示“位于...”含義，但是，locate還可以表示“定位某物”或“找到某物” “查找”等。而situate不具備此含義。如：

The police are trying to locate the missing man.
警方正設(shè)法查明那個(gè)失蹤者的下落。

The young man could not locate his lost pen.
年輕人找不到丟失的鋼筆。

Ⅰ. 可能會(huì)用到的詞匯、短語(yǔ)及相關(guān)知識(shí)：

across,?border, continent, face (v),?landmark,?lie, locate,?mountain range, situate

運(yùn)用描述地方的用語(yǔ)：in, on, between, in the middle of, on the coast of, off the coast of, on the left, on the right, in front of, behind, near, next to, opposite, above, below, in the south of, to the east of

特別是幾個(gè)介詞的用法, 以 east 為例, 方位表示方法如下:

(一) in the east表示我們生活中和地理位置上的絕對(duì)方向,如The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

(二)on the east 表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向,這里的方向指相對(duì)，如China faces the Pacific on the east.

(三)in\to\on\at the east of

1、A在B范圍之內(nèi),要表示A在B的東部,用 A is in the east of B

2 、A在B范圍之外,要表示A在B的東方,用A lies to the east of B

3、A與B相接,要表示A在B的東側(cè),用A is on the east of B

4、如果把方位詞看作一個(gè)整體,或者看成一地點(diǎn),,就用 A is at the east of B,如:there was a big battle at the north of the liaodong peninsula. 在遼東半島的北邊有一場(chǎng)一大戰(zhàn)

5、如果表示A位于B東面100公里處,既可以說(shuō)A lies 100km to the east of B,又可以說(shuō)A lies 100km east of B

(四)要表示方位"偏向"通常用by，如正南偏東:south by east

Ⅱ. 例子：

(一)以中國(guó)為例

China

The People’s Republic of China is a socialism country with its own characteristics. It is one of the developing countries.

China lies in the east of Asia. It has a number of neighboring countries. To the north, northeast and northwest are the Mongolia, Russia and Korea. To the south are Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and the Philippine. To the west and southwest are India, Burma, Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan. To the east is Japan, which faces China across the East China Sea.

China is a country with a vast territory. It has an area of over 9,600,000 square kilometers. It consists of 34 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Covernment. Beijing, which is situated in the North China, is its capital.

The People’s Republic of China is one of the largest countries in the world. Now it has a population of more than 1.3 billion, making up a quarter of the world population.

以下是漢字部分:

①中華人民共和國(guó)是一個(gè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家。它是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。

②中國(guó)位于亞洲的東部，有許多鄰國(guó)。北面和東北面有蒙古，俄羅斯和朝鮮；南面有越南、老撾、泰國(guó)和菲律賓；西面和西南面有緬甸、印度、尼泊爾、不丹和巴基斯坦；東面有日本，與中國(guó)隔海相望。

③中國(guó)幅員遼闊，有九百六十萬(wàn)平方千米。

④它有34個(gè)省、直轄市和自治區(qū)。首都是北京，位于華北。

⑤中國(guó)是世界上最大的國(guó)家之一。現(xiàn)在，它有12多億人口，占世界人口的四分之一。

(二)以波蘭為例

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 33rd most populous country in the world.

(三)以西安為例

Xian is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain. With the Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. It has a semi-moist monsoon climate and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons. Except the colder winter, any season is relatively suitable for traveling.

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