1.下載mysql包

[root@web01 ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.安裝依賴

[root@m01 ~]# yum install -y ncurses-devel libaio-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc cmake autoconf openssl openssl-devel

3.解壓到/usr/local/

[root@m01 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

4.做軟連接

[root@m01 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

5.創建mysql用戶

[root@m01 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

6.拷貝配置文件和啟動腳本

[root@m01 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y

[root@m01 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

7.初始化數據庫

[root@m01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/

[root@m01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

--user:指定用戶

--basedir: 指定安裝目錄

--datadir: 指定數據目錄

# 初始化成功的標志是兩個ok

8.啟動數據庫

[root@m01 scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

9.配置環境變量

[root@m01 scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@m01 scripts]# source /etc/profile

10.配置system管理

[root@m01 scripts]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

[Unit]

Description=MySQL Server

Documentation=man:mysqld(8)

Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

After=network.target

After=syslog.target

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]

User=mysql

Group=mysql

ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

LimitNOFILE = 5000

[root@m01 scripts]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@m01 scripts]# systemctl start mysqld

#### 前面我們用的/etc/init.d/mysqld start啟動，所以我們用system啟動的時候先執行/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

11.確認啟動

[root@m01 scripts]# ps -ef | grep mysql

mysql 12886 1 2 03:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

root 12921 10636 0 03:11 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

[root@m01 scripts]# netstat -lntp

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 12886/mysqld

[root@m01 scripts]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.46 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

12.指定安裝其他目錄(非/usr/local/)遇到以下問題，解決方案

[root@m01 scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

# 啟動失敗，因為mysql文件中很多都是 /usr/local/mysql，我們需要替換，但只需要替換兩個文件中的內容即可

[root@m01 mysql]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/service/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld /service/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

# 修改配置文件

[root@m01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

basedir = /service/mysql

datadir = /service/mysql/data

# 再次啟動

[root@m01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL.Logging to '/service/mysql/data/db03.err'.

SUCCESS!

總結

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