??4.使用pnglib讀寫png圖片

? 本章前言：

??? 這章就是為了讀取png格式圖像到32位位圖（ARGB）中，逆之則然，廢話少說開始正題。

? 目標要點總結(jié)：

1.? 使用pnglib讀寫文件

? 最終效果：

??? 以下操作就能實現(xiàn)加載png圖像到32位圖像中：

??? Image*img_bg=Image::Create(L"data/img/bg.png");

??? 以下操作就能實現(xiàn)導出png圖像：

??? img_bg->Save_To_PNG(L"bin/bg.png");

? 前題簡要：

??? Image類用一個DWORD一維數(shù)組儲存每個點，每個點由ARGB組成，例如0x66ff0000是半透明紅色。假設要訪問點(x,y)，應該使用下標索引[y *w + x]。Image類還有圖像的大小信息。

? 具體實現(xiàn)：

??? 首先需要配置pnglib，其中還包括zlib。下載相應源碼后，生成靜態(tài)鏈接庫鏈接到

項目。在代碼中解析圖片的cpp包含png.h。下面是解析png圖片的具體實現(xiàn)，可結(jié)合注釋理解。

??? Image* Image::Create(constString&path)

??? {

??????? //定義空圖像

??????? Image* img =newImage;

??????? System_imp* sys =System_imp::Get_Instance();

??????? //String 轉(zhuǎn) char字符數(shù)組

?

?

??????? char temp[512] ={NULL };

??????? path.Get_Multi_Byte_Str(temp, 512);

??????????? ///從文件加載/

??????????? //打開png文件

??????????? FILE* fp = NULL;

??????????? fopen_s(&fp,temp,"rb");

??????????? if (!fp)

??????????? {

??????????????? Debug::Instance()->Write_Line(String(L"文件打開失敗：")+path);

??????????????? assert(0 &&L"Image加載時文件打開失敗！");

??????????????? return NULL;

??????????? }

??????????? //判斷是否為 png文件（用fread讀取8字節(jié)，然后調(diào)用png_sig_cmp判斷）

??????????? size_t number = 8;

??????????? png_bytep header = new png_byte[number];

??????????? fread(header, 1,number,fp);

??????????? bool is_png = !png_sig_cmp(header, 0,number);

??????????? if (!is_png)

??????????? {

??????????????? fclose(fp);

??????????????? Debug::Instance()->Write_Line(String(L"只支持png格式的圖像讀取：")+path);

??????????????? assert(0 &&L"Image加載時為非png格式圖像！");

??????????????? return NULL;

??????????? }

??????????? //初始化pnglib

??????????? static png_structppng_ptr =NULL;

??????????? if (!png_ptr)

??????????????? png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING,

??????????????????? NULL, NULL, NULL);

??????????? if (!png_ptr)

??????????? {

??????????????? fclose(fp);

??????????????? assert(0 &&L"Image加載時初始化pnglib失敗！");

??????????????? return NULL;

??????????? }

??????????? //創(chuàng)建圖像信息 info

??????????? png_infop info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);

??????????? if (!info_ptr)

??????????? {

??????????????? fclose(fp);

??????????????? assert(0 &&L"Image加載時創(chuàng)建png_info失敗！");

??????????????? return NULL;

??????????? }

??????????? //錯誤處理

??????????? if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr)))

??????????? {

??????????????? fclose(fp);

??????????????? png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr,png_infopp_NULL);

??????????????? assert(0 &&L"Image加載時 pnglib出現(xiàn)錯誤！");

??????????????? return NULL;

??????????? }

??????????? //設置數(shù)據(jù)源

??????????? png_init_io(png_ptr,fp);

??????????? //表明文件頭已處理

??????????? png_set_sig_bytes(png_ptr, 8);

??????????? //讀png

??????????? png_read_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND, 0);

??????????? //從info查詢數(shù)據(jù)

??????????? unsigned w = png_get_image_width(png_ptr, info_ptr);??????? //獲得圖片寬度

??????????? unsigned h = png_get_image_height(png_ptr, info_ptr);??????? //獲得圖片高度

??????????? int color_type = png_get_color_type(png_ptr,info_ptr);???????//獲得圖片顏色

??????????? //賦值給image

??????????? img->m_size.w =w;

??????????? img->m_size.h =h;

??????????? img->m_buffer =newDWORD[w*h];

??????????? //從info復制到 image

??????????? png_bytep *row_point =NULL;

??????????? row_point = png_get_rows(png_ptr,info_ptr);

??????????? //帶透明通道一個點是4字節(jié)，否則為3字節(jié)

??????????? int block_size = (color_type == 6 ? 4 : 3);

??????????? //(A)RGB

??????????? unsigned pos = 0;

??????????? for (unsignedx = 0;x < h; ++x)

??????????????? for (unsignedy = 0;y < w*block_size;y +=block_size)

??????????????? {

??????????????????? ((unsigned char*)img->m_buffer)[pos + 0] =row_point[x][y + 2];//b;

??????????????????? ((unsigned char*)img->m_buffer)[pos + 1] =row_point[x][y + 1];//g

??????????????????? ((unsigned char*)img->m_buffer)[pos + 2] =row_point[x][y + 0];//r

??????????????????? if(color_type == 6)//不帶透明通道就填充 0xff表示不透明

??????????????????????? ((unsigned char*)img->m_buffer)[pos + 3] =row_point[x][y + 3];//a

??????????????????? else

??????????????????????? ((unsigned char*)img->m_buffer)[pos + 3] = 0xff;???????????????????pos += 4;

??????????????? }

??????????? //關(guān)閉文件

??????????? fclose(fp);

??????????? //釋放png內(nèi)存

??????????? png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr,png_infopp_NULL);

??????????? return img;

??? }

?

??? 保存到png圖像，如下調(diào)用：

canvas->Get_Image()->Save_To_PNG(L"bin/layer_image.png");

??? 上面的語句將畫布（一個DrawCall）的圖像導出到指定文件中。畫布Canvas會拼接Sprite使用的Image成大圖，從下面的圖片可以看到拼接并導出后的效果（這是導出的layer_image.png的一部分，不是程序截圖哈！）：

? 保存圖像數(shù)據(jù)到PNG的實現(xiàn)如下：

??? void Image::Save_To_PNG(constString&path)

??? {

??????? FILE* fp;

??????? png_infop info_ptr;

???????

??????? char cpath[MAX_PATH] = {NULL };

??????? path.Get_Multi_Byte_Str(cpath,MAX_PATH);

??????? //創(chuàng)建或覆蓋文件

??????? fopen_s(&fp,cpath,"wb");

??????? if (fp ==NULL)

??????? {

??????????? assert(0 && L"Save_To_PNG 創(chuàng)建文件失敗！");

??????????? return;

??????? }

??????? //初始化pnglib（注意相關(guān)的函數(shù)名read都變成了write）

??????? static png_structppng_ptr =NULL;

??????? if (!png_ptr)

??????????? png_ptr = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING,

??????????????? NULL, NULL,NULL);

??????? if (!png_ptr)

??????? {

??????????? assert(0 && L"Save_To_PNG 創(chuàng)建文件時初始化pnglib失敗！");

??????????? return;

??????? }

??????? info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);

??????? if (info_ptr ==NULL)

??????? {

??????????? fclose(fp);

??????????? assert(0 && L"Save_To_PNG：png_create_info_struct失敗！");

??????????? return;

??????? }

??????? //錯誤處理

??????? if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr)))

??????? {

??????????? fclose(fp);

??????????? png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)NULL);

??????????? assert(0 && L"Save_To_PNG：pnglib出現(xiàn)錯誤！");

??????????? return;

??????? }

??????? //顏色深度8，像素大小（ARGB 4字節(jié)），行字節(jié)寬度

??????? unsigned bit_depth = 8;

??????? unsigned pixel_byte = 4;

??????? unsigned row_byte =m_size.w *pixel_byte;

??????? //設置輸出文件

??????? png_init_io(png_ptr,fp);

??????? //設置圖像屬性

??????? png_set_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, m_size.w,m_size.h,bit_depth,

??????????? PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA,PNG_INTERLACE_NONE,//交錯無

??????????? PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_BASE,PNG_FILTER_TYPE_BASE);

??????? //寫頭部

??????? png_write_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);

??????? //行指針

??????? png_bytepp row_pointers = (png_bytep*)malloc(m_size.h*sizeof(png_bytep));

??????? //填充數(shù)據(jù)

??????? for (unsignedx = 0;x < m_size.h; ++x)

??????? {//分配一行

??????????? row_pointers[x] = (png_bytep)malloc(row_byte);

??????????? for (unsignedy = 0;y < row_byte; y += pixel_byte)

??????????? {

??????????????? row_pointers[x][y + 2] = ((unsignedchar*)m_buffer)[x *row_byte + y + 0];

??????????????? row_pointers[x][y + 1] = ((unsignedchar*)m_buffer)[x *row_byte + y + 1];

??????????????? row_pointers[x][y + 0] = ((unsignedchar*)m_buffer)[x *row_byte + y + 2];

??????????????? row_pointers[x][y + 3] = ((unsignedchar*)m_buffer)[x *row_byte + y + 3];

???????????????

??????????? }

??????? }

??????? //寫入全部行

??????? png_write_image(png_ptr, row_pointers);

??????? //寫尾部

??????? png_write_end(png_ptr, info_ptr);

??????? //釋放png內(nèi)存

??????? png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, (png_infopp)NULL);

?

??? ??? for (unsignedx = 0;x < m_size.h; ++x)

??????? {//釋放每行

??????????? free(row_pointers[x]);

??????? }

??????? free(row_pointers);????

??????? fclose(fp);

??? }

?

作者：略游

日期：17-06-20

QQ：1339484752

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