?在項目中日期格式化是最常見的問題，之前涉及的?java.util.Date 和 java.util.Calendar 類易用性差，不支持時區(qū)，非線程安全，對日期的計算方式繁瑣，而且容易出錯，因為月份是從0開始的，從 Calendar 中獲取的月份需要加一才能表示當(dāng)前月份。

在 JDK8 中，一個新的重要特性就是引入了全新的時間和日期API，它被收錄在 java.time 包中，借助新的時間和日期API可以以更簡潔的方法處理時間和日期。

解決方案

1、注解

（1）?@JsonFormat和@DateTimeFormat

@JsonFormat后臺到前臺的時間格式的轉(zhuǎn)換

@JsonFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",timezone = "GMT+8")

pattern:需要轉(zhuǎn)換的時間日期的格式

timezone：是時間設(shè)置為東八區(qū)

@DateTimeFormat前后到后臺的時間格式的轉(zhuǎn)換

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")

pattern:需要轉(zhuǎn)換的時間日期的格式

@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") private LocalDateTime dateTime;

（2）Controller

@GetMapping("date") public Object date(@RequestParam @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") LocalDateTime date) {return date; }@GetMapping("date2") public Object date(@RequestParam @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") LocalDate date) {return date; }

2、統(tǒng)一配置

配置文件配置

spring:jackson:date-format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss

代碼配置

RequestParam|PathVariable參數(shù)

Converter

@Configuration public class DateConfig {@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDate> localDateConverter() {return new Converter<>() {@Overridepublic LocalDate convert(String source) {return LocalDate.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd"));}};}@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {return new Converter<>() {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime convert(String source) {return LocalDateTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));}};}}

使用ControllerAdvice配合initBinder

@ControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionHandler {@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalDate.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {setValue(LocalDate.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd")));}});binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalDateTime.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {setValue(LocalDateTime.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));}});binder.registerCustomEditor(LocalTime.class, new PropertyEditorSupport() {@Overridepublic void setAsText(String text) throws IllegalArgumentException {setValue(LocalTime.parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")));}});} }

JSON格式

定義一個配置類，對ObjectMapper對象進行定制，指定日期類對應(yīng)的序列化與反序列化處理對象

方案一

@Configuration public class LocalDateTimeFormatConfig {private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd";private static final String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = "HH:mm:ss";@Bean@Primarypublic ObjectMapper objectMapper(){ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class, new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class, new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);return objectMapper;} }

方案二

@Configuration public class LocalDateTimeSerializerConfig {@Value("${spring.jackson.date-format:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}")private String pattern;@Bean@Primarypublic ObjectMapper serializingObjectMapper() {ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer());javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer());objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);return objectMapper;}public class LocalDateTimeSerializer extends JsonSerializer<LocalDateTime> {@Overridepublic void serialize(LocalDateTime value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider serializers)throws IOException {gen.writeString(value.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern)));}}public class LocalDateTimeDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser p, DeserializationContext deserializationContext)throws IOException {return LocalDateTime.parse(p.getValueAsString(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern));}} }

方案三?

/*** @Author ShenTuZhiGang* @Version 1.0.0* @Date 2020-03-29 19:23*/ @Configuration //@EnableWebMvc public class CustomWebMvcConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer {private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd";private static final String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = "HH:mm:ss";/*** 統(tǒng)一輸出風(fēng)格* See {@link com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy} for details.* @param converters*/@Overridepublic void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {for (int i = 0; i < converters.size(); i++) {if (converters.get(i) instanceof MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter) {ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();// 統(tǒng)一返回數(shù)據(jù)的輸出風(fēng)格objectMapper.setPropertyNamingStrategy(new PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy());objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);objectMapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);objectMapper.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8"));JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();converter.setObjectMapper(objectMapper);converters.set(i, converter);break;}}} }

3、自定義配置

自定義一個反序列化類

public class DateDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {if (StringUtils.isBlank(jsonParser.getText()))return null;LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.parse(jsonParser.getText(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd"));return LocalDateTime.of(localDate, LocalTime.MIN);} }

?字段上通過com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize注解指定使用自定義的反序列化類

@JsonDeserialize(using = DateDeserializer.class) private LocalDateTime updateTime;

4、完整配置

/*** @Author ShenTuZhiGang* @Version 1.0.0* @Date 2020-03-29 19:23*/ @Configuration //@EnableWebMvc public class CustomWebMvcConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer {private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";private static final String DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN = "yyyy-MM-dd";private static final String DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN = "HH:mm:ss";/*** 統(tǒng)一輸出風(fēng)格* See {@link com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy} for details.* @param converters*/@Overridepublic void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {for (int i = 0; i < converters.size(); i++) {if (converters.get(i) instanceof MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter) {MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter converter = (MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter)converters.get(i);ObjectMapper objectMapper = converter.getObjectMapper();// 統(tǒng)一返回數(shù)據(jù)的輸出風(fēng)格objectMapper.setPropertyNamingStrategy(new PropertyNamingStrategy.SnakeCaseStrategy());objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);objectMapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);objectMapper.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8"));break;}}}/*** LocalDate轉(zhuǎn)換器，用于轉(zhuǎn)換RequestParam和PathVariable參數(shù)*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDate> localDateConverter() {return new Converter<String, LocalDate>() {@Overridepublic LocalDate convert(String source) {return LocalDate.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN));}};}/*** LocalDateTime轉(zhuǎn)換器，用于轉(zhuǎn)換RequestParam和PathVariable參數(shù)*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {return new Converter<String, LocalDateTime>() {@Overridepublic LocalDateTime convert(String source) {return LocalDateTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN));}};}/*** LocalTime轉(zhuǎn)換器，用于轉(zhuǎn)換RequestParam和PathVariable參數(shù)*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, LocalTime> localTimeConverter() {return new Converter<String, LocalTime>() {@Overridepublic LocalTime convert(String source) {return LocalTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN));}};}/*** Date轉(zhuǎn)換器，用于轉(zhuǎn)換RequestParam和PathVariable參數(shù)*/@Beanpublic Converter<String, Date> dateConverter() {return new Converter<String, Date>() {@Overridepublic Date convert(String source) {SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN);try {return format.parse(source);} catch (ParseException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}};}/*** Json序列化和反序列化轉(zhuǎn)換器，用于轉(zhuǎn)換POST請求體中的json以及將我們的對象序列化為返回響應(yīng)的json*/@Beanpublic ObjectMapper objectMapper(){ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();objectMapper.disable(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS);objectMapper.disable(DeserializationFeature.ADJUST_DATES_TO_CONTEXT_TIME_ZONE);//LocalDateTime系列序列化和反序列化模塊，繼承自jsr310，我們在這里修改了日期格式JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_PATTERN)));javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_PATTERN)));//Date序列化和反序列化javaTimeModule.addSerializer(Date.class, new JsonSerializer<Date>() {@Overridepublic void serialize(Date date, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN);String formattedDate = formatter.format(date);jsonGenerator.writeString(formattedDate);}});javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(Date.class, new JsonDeserializer<Date>() {@Overridepublic Date deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException {SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_PATTERN);String date = jsonParser.getText();try {return format.parse(date);} catch (ParseException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}});objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);return objectMapper;}}

參考文章

LocalDateTime在spring boot中的格式化配置

Spring Boot（十二）：LocalDateTime格式化處理

@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") pattern:需要轉(zhuǎn)換的時間日期的格式

Spring中使用LocalDateTime、LocalDate等參數(shù)作為入?yún)?shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換問題

SpringBoot在Controller中接收LocalDate/LocalDateTime

Spring Boot LocalDateTime格式處理

Springboot - 處理LocalDateTime的入?yún)⒑统鰠⒏袷?/p>

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