實驗目的

1、掌握Android屏幕顯示與初級視圖的相關知識；
2、掌握包括屏幕顯示基礎、簡單布局的用法、簡單控件的用法、簡單圖形的用法

實驗內容

以windows上的計算器為例，程序界面如下圖所示：

完成精簡之后的Android版本的計算器效果

簡單計算器的運算界面效果

實驗過程(實驗的設計思路、關鍵源代碼等)

源代碼：https://gitee.com/shentuzhigang/mini-project/tree/master/android-simple-calculator

Layout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tools:context=".MainActivity"android:orientation="vertical"><TextViewandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="60dp"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"android:text="@string/title"android:textAlignment="center"android:textSize="24sp" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/textView"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="120dp"android:layout_weight="1"android:textSize="20sp"android:padding="4sp"android:textColor="@color/black"android:background="@drawable/border"android:gravity="end|bottom" /><GridLayoutandroid:id="@+id/keyboard"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="560dp"android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"android:layout_weight="1"android:columnCount="4"android:rowCount="5"android:useDefaultMargins="true"><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button10"android:text="CE"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button11"android:text="÷"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button12"android:text="×"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button13"android:text="C"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button7"android:text="@string/_7"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button8"android:text="@string/_8"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button9"android:text="@string/_9"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button14"android:text="+"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button4"android:text="@string/_4"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button5"android:text="@string/_5"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button6"android:text="@string/_6"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button15"android:text="-"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button1"android:text="@string/_1"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button2"android:text="@string/_2"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button3"android:text="@string/_3"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button16"android:text="√"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button0"android:layout_row="4"android:layout_column="0"android:layout_columnSpan="2"android:text="@string/_0"android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button17"android:text="."android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button18"android:text="="android:layout_columnWeight="1"android:layout_rowWeight="1" /></GridLayout></LinearLayout>

MainActivity

package io.shentuzhigang.demo.calculatorimport androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity import android.os.Bundle import android.util.Log import android.view.View import android.widget.Button import android.widget.TextViewclass MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {private lateinit var textView: TextViewprivate lateinit var bt_num0: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num1: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num2: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num3: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num4: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num5: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num6: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num7: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num8: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_num9: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_ce: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_div: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_mult: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_minus: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_plus: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_equal: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_dot: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_clear: Buttonprivate lateinit var bt_sqrt: Buttonoverride fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)this.textView = findViewById(R.id.textView)this.bt_num0 = findViewById(R.id.button0)this.bt_num0.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num1 = findViewById(R.id.button1)this.bt_num1.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num2 = findViewById(R.id.button2)this.bt_num2.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num3 = findViewById(R.id.button3)this.bt_num3.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num4 = findViewById(R.id.button4)this.bt_num4.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num5 = findViewById(R.id.button5)this.bt_num5.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num6 = findViewById(R.id.button6)this.bt_num6.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num7 = findViewById(R.id.button7)this.bt_num7.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num8 = findViewById(R.id.button8)this.bt_num8.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_num9 = findViewById(R.id.button9)this.bt_num9.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_ce = findViewById(R.id.button10)this.bt_ce.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {}})this.bt_div = findViewById(R.id.button11)this.bt_div.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_mult = findViewById(R.id.button12)this.bt_mult.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_clear = findViewById(R.id.button13)this.bt_clear.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = ""}})this.bt_plus = findViewById(R.id.button14)this.bt_plus.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_minus = findViewById(R.id.button15)this.bt_minus.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_sqrt = findViewById(R.id.button16)this.bt_sqrt.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_dot = findViewById(R.id.button17)this.bt_dot.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {textView.text = textView.text.toString() + (v as Button).text}})this.bt_equal = findViewById(R.id.button18)this.bt_equal.setOnClickListener(object : View.OnClickListener{override fun onClick(v: View?) {}})} }

實驗結果(實驗最終作品截圖說明)

實驗心得

1、掌握Android屏幕顯示與初級視圖的相關知識；
2、掌握包括屏幕顯示基礎、簡單布局的用法、簡單控件的用法、簡單圖形的用法

參考文章

• Android studio實驗一——簡單計算器的實現

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