1 理論基礎

1.1 AOP是什么

• 面向切面編程（AOP，Aspect Oriented Programming）

• 可以通過預編譯方式和運行時動態代理，實現在不修改源代碼的情況下，給程序動態增強功能的的一種技術

1.2 AOP能做什么

• 統計接口訪問次數
• 數據庫事務處理
• 增強功能：在不改動源代碼的基礎上，為接口增加一些額外的功能

2 Demo代碼

2.1 引入依賴

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- AOP --><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId><version>1.9.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.9.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>cglib</groupId><artifactId>cglib</artifactId><version>3.2.12</version></dependency><!--fastjson--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.70</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency></dependencies>

2.2 API訪問歷史統計

/*** API訪問歷史統計*/ @Component @Aspect public class ApiVisitHistory {private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApiVisitHistory.class);private ThreadLocal<Long> startTime = new ThreadLocal<>();/*** 定義切面* - 此處代表com.smile.demo.controller包下的所有接口都會被統計*/@Pointcut("execution(* com.smile.demo.controller..*.*(..))")public void pointCut(){}/*** 在接口原有的方法執行前，將會首先執行此處的代碼*/@Before("pointCut()")public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) {startTime.set(System.currentTimeMillis());//獲取傳入目標方法的參數Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();log.info("類名：{}", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringType().getSimpleName());log.info("方法名:{}", joinPoint.getSignature().getName() );// 計數AtomicCounter.getInstance().increase();}/*** 只有正常返回才會執行此方法* 如果程序執行失敗，則不執行此方法*/@AfterReturning(returning = "returnVal", pointcut = "pointCut()")public void doAfterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object returnVal) {HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();log.info("URI:[{}], 耗費時間:[{}] ms, 訪問次數:{}", request.getRequestURI(), System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime.get(), AtomicCounter.getInstance().getValue());}/*** 當接口報錯時執行此方法*/@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "pointCut()")public void doAfterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint) {HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();log.info("接口訪問失敗，URI:[{}], 耗費時間:[{}] ms", request.getRequestURI(), System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime.get());} }

2.3 定義測試接口

@RestController @RequestMapping("/demo/aop") public class HelloController {@GetMapping("hello")public String hello() {return "hello World!";} } @RestController @RequestMapping("/demo/aop") public class ErrorController {@GetMapping("error")public String error() {int i = 1 / 0;return "測試報錯的AOP方法";} }

2.4 單例計數器

/*** 計數器，統計當前執行的任務數**/ public class AtomicCounter {private static final AtomicCounter atomicCounter = new AtomicCounter();/*** 單例，不允許外界主動實例化*/private AtomicCounter() { }public static AtomicCounter getInstance() {return atomicCounter;}private static AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger();public int getValue() {return counter.get();}public int increase() {return counter.incrementAndGet();}public int decrease() {return counter.decrementAndGet();}}

總結

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