mysql最大述_mysql最大字段数量及 varchar类型总结
mysql最大字段數
一直對mysql最大字段數不明確有人說是1024
還有人說
Max columns per row 4096
InnoDB is limited to 1000columns
實踐是檢驗真理的唯一方法
mysql> use test;
mysql> create table t0008(id int) engine=innodb DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
[root@localhost ~]# vim add.sh
#/bin/bash
num=2
while((num<2000))
do
echo $num
mysql -p123456 -D test -e "alter table t0008 add column(col$num char(1))"
num=$(($num+1))
done
[root@localhost ~]# ./add.sh
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
1017
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
1018
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1117 (HY000) at line 1: Too many columns
mysql> desc t0008;
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| col2 | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col3 | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
...............................................................................
...............................................................................
| col1014 | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col1015 | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col1016 | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col1017 | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1017 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql innodb引擎支持最大字段上線為1017
mysql> create table t0011(col1 char(1)) engine=myisam DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost ~]# ./add.sh
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
2410
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
2411
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1117 (HY000) at line 1: Too many columns
2412
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1117 (HY000) at line 1: Too many columns
mysql> desc t0011;
+---------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| col1 | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col2 | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col3 | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
.........................................................................
........................................................................
| col2408 | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col2409 | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| col2410 | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2410 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql myisam引擎最大字段上限為2410
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
varchar字段的長度
mysql> create table t0008(col1 varchar(65535))charset=latin1;
ERROR 1118 (42000): Row size too large. The maximum row size for the used table type, not counting BLOBs, is 65535. This includes storage overhead, check the manual. You have to change some columns to TEXT or BLOBs
mysql> create table t0008(col1 varchar(65534))charset=latin1;
ERROR 1118 (42000): Row size too large. The maximum row size for the used table type, not counting BLOBs, is 65535. This includes storage overhead, check the manual. You have to change some columns to TEXT or BLOBs
mysql> create table t0008(col1 varchar(65533))charset=latin1;
ERROR 1118 (42000): Row size too large. The maximum row size for the used table type, not counting BLOBs, is 65535. This includes storage overhead, check the manual. You have to change some columns to TEXT or BLOBs
mysql> create table t0008(col1 varchar(65532))charset=latin1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
latin1字符集下的表varchar上限為65532,即一個字符一個字節
mysql> create table t0009(col1 varchar(65533))charset=utf8;
ERROR 1074 (42000): Column length too big for column "col1" (max = 21845); use BLOB or TEXT instead
mysql> create table t0009(col1 varchar(21845))charset=utf8;
ERROR 1118 (42000): Row size too large. The maximum row size for the used table type, not counting BLOBs, is 65535. This includes storage overhead, check the manual. You have to change some columns to TEXT or BLOBs
mysql> create table t0009(col1 varchar(21844))charset=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
utf8字符集下的表varchar上限為21844,即一個字符三個字節 65535-1-2 結果除以3 ==21844
-1表示第一個字節不存數據,-2表示兩個字節存放varchar的長度,除以3是utf8字符特性,一個字符三個字節。
varchar 字段是將實際內容單獨存儲在聚簇索引之外,內容開頭用1到2個字節表示實際長度(長度超過255時需要2個字節),因此最大長度不能超過65535即 2的16次方(0-65535)
mysql> create table t0012(id int,name char(20),col3 varchar(N))chaset=utf8;
N的值為:(65535-1-2-4-20*3)/3=21822
mysql> create table t0012(id int,name char(20),col3 varchar(N))charset=latin1;
N的值為:65535-1-2-4-20=65508
char_length:在任何編碼下, 不管漢字還是數字或者是字母都算是一個字符
length: 是計算字段的長度, utf8編碼下,一個漢字是算三個字符,一個數字或字母算一個字符。其他編碼下,一個漢字算兩個字符, 一個數字或字母算一個字符。 CHARACTER_LENGTH(str) CHARACTER_LENGTH()是CHAR_LENGTH()的同義詞。 BIT_LENGTH(str) 返回2進制長度
MySQL數據類型(留作備忘)
類 型
大 小
描 述
CAHR(Length)
Length字節
定長字段,長度為0~255個字符
VARCHAR(Length)
String長度+1字節或String長度+2字節
變長字段,長度為0~65 535個字符
TINYTEXT
String長度+1字節
字符串,最大長度為255個字符
TEXT
String長度+2字節
字符串,最大長度為65 535個字符
MEDIUMINT
String長度+3字節
字符串,最大長度為16 777 215個字符
LONGTEXT
String長度+4字節
字符串,最大長度為4 294 967 295個字符
TINYINT(Length)
1字節
范圍:-128~127,或者0~255(無符號)
SMALLINT(Length)
2字節
范圍:-32 768~32 767,或者0~65 535(無符號)
MEDIUMINT(Length)
3字節
范圍:-8 388 608~8 388 607,或者0~16 777 215(無符號)
INT(Length)
4字節
范圍:-2 147 483 648~2 147 483 647,或者0~4 294 967 295(無符號)
BIGINT(Length)
8字節
范圍:-9 223 372 036 854 775 808~9 223 372 036 854 775 807,或者0~18 446 744 073 709 551 615(無符號)
FLOAT(Length, Decimals)
4字節
具有浮動小數點的較小的數
DOUBLE(Length, Decimals)
8字節
具有浮動小數點的較大的數
DECIMAL(Length, Decimals)
Length+1字節或Length+2字節
存儲為字符串的DOUBLE,允許固定的小數點
DATE
3字節
采用YYYY-MM-DD格式
DATETIME
8字節
采用YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS格式
TIMESTAMP
4字節
采用YYYYMMDDHHMMSS格式;可接受的范圍終止于2037年
TIME
3字節
采用HH:MM:SS格式
ENUM
1或2字節
Enumeration(枚舉)的簡寫,這意味著每一列都可以具有多個可能的值之一
SET
1、2、3、4或8字節
與ENUM一樣,只不過每一列都可以具有多個可能的值
與50位技術專家面對面20年技術見證,附贈技術全景圖總結
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