1. sources.list

• sources.list 位于/etc/apt目錄下

• sources.list是一個普通可編輯的文本文件，保存了ubuntu軟件更新的源服務器的地址.

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2. sources.list.d/*.list

• sources.list.d/*.list位于/etc/apt/sources.list.d目錄下

• 為在單獨文件中寫入源的地址提供了一種方式，通常用來安裝第三方的軟件.

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3. 換源

• 首先查看自己的Ubuntu系統的codename(這一步很重要)，直接導致你更新的源是否對你的系統起效果，查看方法：
  lsb_release -a

Q&A

• No LSB modules are available.

解：

apt install lsb-core -y

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4. 鏡像源獲取

名稱分類地址

阿里云
*	xenial	https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial
*	xenial-backports	https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports
*	xenial-proposed	https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-proposed
*	xenial-security	https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security
*	xenial-updates	https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates
清華
*	xenial	https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial
*	xenial-backports	https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports
*	xenial-proposed	https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-proposed
*	xenial-security	https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security
*	xenial-updates	https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates
中科大
*	xenial	http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial/
*	xenial-backports	http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports
*	xenial-proposed	http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-proposed
*	xenial-security	http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security
*	xenial-updates	http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates

**注意：**根據codename找.

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5. 選擇源

ping mirrors.aliyun.com

ping mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

ping mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

總結：aliyun的源在時延上表現最好.

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6. 備份并修改sources.list

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_init.list``vim /etc/apt/sources.list``apt update

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7. 命令或腳本

1. 命令

格式：sudo sed -i ‘s/<原域名/新域名>/g’ /etc/apt/sources.list

• 官方源換阿里云源
  sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
• 官方源換清華源
  sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
• 官方源換中科大源
  sudo sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
• 阿里云源換清華源
  sudo sed -i 's/mirrors.aliyun.com/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

apt update

2. 腳本

• 換阿里云源
  cd /etc/apt
  vim Init_sources.sh

#!/bin/bash Codename=$( (lsb_release -a)|awk '{print $2}'|tail -n 1 ) MirrorsName="mirrors.aliyun.com" echo "\ deb http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe deb http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe deb http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe deb http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe deb http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe deb-src http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe deb-src http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe deb-src http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe deb-src http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe deb-src http://$MirrorsName/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe ">sources.list apt updatechmod +x Init_sources.sh``bash Init_sources.sh`或`./Init_sources.sh

注意:

• 腳本必須位于/etc/apt目錄中.
• MirrorsName值可以更改為其他鏡像的域名.

8. 阿里云Ubuntu16.0.4服務器源

## Note, this file is written by cloud-init on first boot of an instance ## modifications made here will not survive a re-bundle. ## if you wish to make changes you can: ## a.) add 'apt_preserve_sources_list: true' to /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg ## or do the same in user-data ## b.) add sources in /etc/apt/sources.list.d ## c.) make changes to template file /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.tmpl# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial main deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial main## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. # deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse # deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports' ## repository. ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. # deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partnerdeb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security main deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security main deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe # deb http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse # deb-src http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse

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參考鏈接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/5400722c369c

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