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活動目錄數據庫: Ntds.dit - AD數據庫文件 Edbxxxxx.log - 事務日志 Edb.chk - 檢查點文件 Res1.log and Res2.log - 保留日志文件 日志文件尺寸是固定的(10mb for AD) Domain date(賬戶信息...) Configuration date(list of domains...) Schema date(definition of all objects...)-->這三種數據是在DC直接被復制的 系統狀態數據包括: 系統啟動文件(boot files) 本機注冊表 COM+類庫注冊信息 SYSVOL信息 備份時應該考慮的問題: System State,system disk contents,and the SYSVOL folder 活動目錄的失效期: 默認60 days 如果使用超過60天的備份來做恢復,是不可能成功的 Backup date from a DC can only be used to restore that DC 如何進行AD的恢復(參考): Determine the type of disaster: Database corruption: Damaged disks DC hardware failure Software failure - server cannot boot Data corruption: Accidentally deleted object from directory Methods to restore Windows 2003 DC: Re-installation Backup Exchange的相關信息都保存在那里? 注冊表和IIS的metabase: System state backup 活動目錄中的用戶數據: Users,Groups,and Contacts Replicated to GCs Most Exchange information placed on existing objects are replicated between Global Catalogs 活動目錄中的Exchange配置信息: Exchange System Objects Public Folder Directory entries Active Directory Connector (ADC)settings 單一郵件或郵箱的恢復: 如果是Exchange 2000,需要搭建專用的Recovery Server : 在孤立的網絡環境中安裝Windows 2000 創建一個森林 運行ForestPrep,創建跟之前的環境相同的組織 安裝Exchange System 管理工具 使用ESM創建跟之前的環境相同的管理組 安裝Exchange 2000和所有的必需補丁(跟之前環境保持一致) 把數據庫和存儲組改為跟之前環境相同的名稱 Dismount數據庫,準備進行恢復 從磁帶進行恢復 導出郵件 如果是Exchange 2003,可以使用Recovery storage group ->http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;824126 Recovery Storage Group: RSG per Server/Information Store Restore mailbox DBs from same SG Restore SG/DBs from same AG User mailboxes remain disconnected Only MAPI protocol supported Restores default into RSG Active/Passive one restore storage group per EVS ONE recovery storage group per cluster supported 受損數據庫的恢復: 常見的數據庫損壞癥狀: 硬件故障 在事件日志中的-1080錯誤 Three layers of corruption that can occur : Page level ESE level Store level To remove corruption : Restore an uncorrupted backup of the database Repair the database Expunge the corrupted pages from the database Salvage data and generate a new database Errors 1018 and 1019 ->Error 1018: JET_errReadVerifyFailure: Bad checksum/Wrong page number Hardware/Firmware File system corruption How serious are 1018 Errors? During normal operation (somewhat serious) During startup(likely fatal) During backup (may be minor) Error 1019: JET_errPageNotlnitialized ->What causes Error 1019? Special case of error 1018(page is replaced with zeroes) Bad page links ---->Event ID: 23 Source: EDB Type: Error Category: Database Page Cache Description: MSExchangeIS((455))Direct read found corrupted page error -1018((1:251563)(0-2295758),251563 379225672 381322824).Please restore the database from a previous backup Errors 1022 and 1216 ->Error 1022:JET_errDiskIO: Disk I/O failure File damage or truncation File locked by another process Anti-virus software Error 1216(Q296843)files in the database's running set are missing or have been replaced : When storage group starts system analyses header information If logs are missing: Restore the database from backup Repair the database by using -->ESEUTIL/P followed by ESEUTIL /D and ISINTEG-fix Q296843 -more details 受損數據庫的恢復: 恢復的步驟和注意事項: NTBackup Eseutil /cc Eseutil /p XADM: Offline Backup and Restore Procedures for Exchange 2000 Q296788 XADM: How Log Files Are Replayed During Exchange 2000 Restore Q232922 ESEUtil: ESE level maintenance utility: Dumping information -> /m Offline Degragmentation -> /d Integrity Check -> /g Database Repair -> /p Hard Recovery -> /c Soft Recovery -> /r Checksum -> /k ESEUTIL /m: Dumping Information --> /mh database_filename: Dump EDB header /ml log_filename: Dump log header /mk checkpoint_filename: Dump checkpoint header /ms database_filename: Dump space usage /m database_filename /pnnn: Dump Page number nnn ESEUTIL /c: Hard Recovery --> ESEUTIL /cc : Start hard recovery ESEUTIL /cc/t: Start hard recovery and only play logs in temp folder ESEUTIL /cm restore.env: Dump restore .env file 服務器重建: 使用/disasterrecovery模式進行安裝 http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;257415 避免把Exchange和DC安裝在同一臺服務器上 MUST READ -> Disaster Recovery for Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server.pdf Exchange 2000 Disaster

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