上期我們介紹了Android如何通過Uikit集成單聊模塊，第三期視頻教程我們將教大家如何通過SDK實現自定義消息。

前期準備

從官網開發文檔自定義消息流程（https://dev.yunxin.163.com/docs/product/IM%E5%8D%B3%E6%97%B6%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF/SDK%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90/Android%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90/%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E6%94%B6%E5%8F%91?#%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF）

參考BBS上如何通過SDK實現類似微信骰子的功能

（https://bbs.yunxin.163.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=23&highlight=%E9%AA%B0%E5%AD%90）

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代碼部分

大概思路是這樣的

第一步，定義自定義消息的類型

public interface CustomAttachmentType{int Guess=1;//猜拳int Craps=2;//骰子}

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第二步，定義一個自定義消息附件的基類，負責解析你自定義消息的公用字段，比如類型等

注意: 實現?MsgAttachment?接口的成員都要實現 Serializable。

public abstract class CustomAttachment implements MsgAttachment {protected int type;CustomAttachment(int type) {this.type = type;}public void fromJson(JSONObject data) {if (data != null) {parseData(data);}}@Overridepublic String toJson(boolean send) {return CustomAttachParser.packData(type, packData());}public int getType() {return type;}protected abstract void parseData(JSONObject data);protected abstract JSONObject packData();}

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第三步，繼承基類，實現“骰子”附件類型

注意: 成員變量都要實現Serializable。

public class CrapsAttachment extends CustomAttachment{public enum Craps {one(1, "1"),two(2, "2"),three(3, "3"),four(4, "4"),five(5, "5"),six(6, "6"),;private int value;private String desc;Craps(int value, String desc) {this.value = value;this.desc = desc;}static Craps enumOfValue(int value) {for (Craps direction : values()) {if (direction.getValue() == value) {return direction;}}return one;}public int getValue() {return value;}public String getDesc() {return desc;}}private Craps value;public CrapsAttachment() {super(CustomAttachmentType.Craps);random();}@Overrideprotected void parseData(JSONObject data) {value = Craps.enumOfValue(data.getIntValue("value"));}@Overrideprotected JSONObject packData() {JSONObject data = new JSONObject();data.put("value", value.getValue());return data;}private void random() {int value = new Random().nextInt(6) + 1;this.value = Craps.enumOfValue(value);}public Craps getValue() {return value;}}

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第四步，實現自定義消息的附件解析器

public class CustomAttachParser implements MsgAttachmentParser {private static final String KEY_TYPE = "type";private static final String KEY_DATA = "data";@Overridepublic MsgAttachment parse(String json) {CustomAttachment attachment = null;try {JSONObject object = JSON.parseObject(json);int type = object.getInteger(KEY_TYPE);JSONObject data = object.getJSONObject(KEY_DATA);switch (type) {case CustomAttachmentType.Guess:attachment = new GuessAttachment();break;case CustomAttachmentType.Craps:attachment = new CrapsAttachment();break;}if (attachment != null) {attachment.fromJson(data);}} catch (Exception e) {}return attachment;}public static String packData(int type, JSONObject data) {JSONObject object = new JSONObject();object.put(KEY_TYPE, type);if (data != null) {object.put(KEY_DATA, data);}return object.toJSONString();}}

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第五步，將自定義消息展示在UI上（這里簡單以文字展示）

public class MsgViewHolderCraps extends MsgViewHolderText{public MsgViewHolderCraps(BaseMultiItemFetchLoadAdapter adapter) {super(adapter);}@Overrideprotected String getDisplayText() {CrapsAttachment crapsAttachment = (CrapsAttachment) message.getAttachment();return crapsAttachment.getValue().getDesc()+"點！";}}

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第六步，發送自定義消息

public class CrapsAction extends BaseAction {public CrapsAction(){super(R.drawable.message_plus_guess_selector, R.string.input_craps);}@Overridepublic void onClick() {CrapsAttachment attachment = new CrapsAttachment();IMMessage message = MessageBuilder.createCustomMessage(getAccount(), getSessionType(), attachment.getValue().getDesc(), attachment);sendMessage(message);}}

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第七步，將附件解析器注冊到SDK中，為保證生成歷史消息時能夠正確解析自定義附件，注冊一般放在Applicaton的OnCreate中完成

第八步，注冊擴展消息類型顯示的ViewHolder，由于這里使用我們Uikit，所以也需要注冊到Application的OnCreate里面

第九步，添加“骰子”的按鈕到“+”中，Demo是在SessionHelper類中定制的單聊界面

注：第七八九三步可以直接一起做，在Application中初始化SessionHelper，然后在SessionHelper中注冊解析器以及UI

public class MyApplication extends Application {@Overridepublic void onCreate() {super.onCreate();// SDK初始化（啟動后臺服務，若已經存在用戶登錄信息， SDK 將完成自動登錄）NIMClient.init(this, null, null);if(NIMUtil.isMainProcess(this)){//初始化UIKITNimUIKit.init(this);SessionHelper.init();}}}

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public class SessionHelper? {private static SessionCustomization p2pCustomization;public static void init(){//解析器NIMClient.getService(MsgService.class).registerCustomAttachmentParser(new CustomAttachParser());//猜拳的UINimUIKit.registerMsgItemViewHolder(GuessAttachment.class, MsgViewHolderGuess.class);//骰子的uiNimUIKit.registerMsgItemViewHolder(CrapsAttachment.class, MsgViewHolderCraps.class);NimUIKit.setCommonP2PSessionCustomization(getP2pCustomization());}// 定制化單聊界面。如果使用默認界面，返回null即可private static SessionCustomization getP2pCustomization() {if(p2pCustomization == null){p2pCustomization = new SessionCustomization();// 定制加號點開后可以包含的操作， 默認已經有圖片，視頻等消息了ArrayList<BaseAction> actions = new ArrayList<>();actions.add(new GuessAction());actions.add(new CrapsAction());p2pCustomization.actions = actions;}return p2pCustomization;}}

這里就完美實現了Android自定義消息，趕緊去試試吧~

想看更多集成視頻教程，請戳https://netease.im/videoTutorial

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