預覽:

Installing Nginx with PHP 7 and MySQL 5.7 (LEMP) on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

This tutorial exists for these OS versions

• Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werewolf)

• Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)

• Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

• Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal)

• Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)

On this page

1 Preliminary Note

2 Installing MySQL 5.7

3 Installing Nginx

4 Installing PHP 7

5 Configuring nginx

6 Getting MySQL Support In PHP 7

7 Making PHP-FPM use a TCP Connection

8 Links

Nginx?(pronounced "engine x") is a free, open-source, high-performance HTTP server. Nginx is known for its stability, rich feature set, simple configuration, and low resource consumption. This tutorial shows how you can install Nginx on an Ubuntu 16.04 server with PHP 7 support (through?PHP-FPM) and MySQL 5.7 support (LEMP =?Linux + nginx (pronounced "engine x") +?MySQL +?PHP).

?

1 Preliminary Note

In this tutorial, I use the hostname?server1.example.com?with the IP address192.168.1.100. These settings might differ for you, so you have to replace them where appropriate.

I'm running all the steps in this tutorial with root privileges, so make sure you're logged in as root:

sudo -s

?

2 Installing MySQL 5.7

In order to install MySQL, we run:

apt-get -y install mysql-server mysql-client

You will be asked to provide a password for the MySQL root user - this password is valid for the user?root@localhost?as well as?root@server1.example.com, so we don't have to specify a MySQL root password manually later on:

New password for the MySQL "root" user:?<-- yourrootsqlpassword
Repeat password for the MySQL "root" user:?<-- yourrootsqlpassword

?

To secure the database server and remove ?the anonymous user and test database, run the mysql_secure_installation command.

mysql_secure_installation

You will be asked these questions:

root@server1:~# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root:?<-- Enter the MySQL root password

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No:?<-- Press y if you want this function or press Enter otherwise.
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :?<-- Press enter

... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :?<-- y
Success.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :?<-- y
Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :?<-- y
- Dropping test database...
Success.

- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :?<-- y
Success.

All done!

MySQL is secured now.

3 Installing Nginx

In case that you have installed Apache2 already, then remove it first with these commands & then install nginx:

service apache2 stop
update-rc.d -f apache2 remove
apt-get remove apache2

Nginx is available as a package for Ubuntu 16.04 which we can install.

apt-get -y install nginx

Start nginx afterwards:

service nginx start

Type in your web server's IP address or hostname into a browser (e.g.?http://192.168.1.100), and you should see the following page:

The default nginx document root on Ubuntu 16.04 is?/var/www/html.

?

4 Installing PHP 7

We can make PHP work in nginx through?PHP-FPM?(PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is an alternative PHP FastCGI implementation with some additional features useful for sites of any size, especially busier sites) which we install as follows:

apt-get -y install php7.0-fpm

PHP-FPM is a daemon process (with the init script?php7.0-fpm) that runs a FastCGI server on the socket?/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock.

?

5 Configuring nginx

The nginx configuration is in?/etc/nginx/nginx.conf?which we open now:

nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

The configuration is easy to understand (you can learn more about it here:?http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample?and here:http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample2)

First (this is optional) adjust the?keepalive_timeout?to a reasonable value:

[...]keepalive_timeout???2; [...]

The virtual hosts are defined in?server {}?containers. The default vhost is defined in the file?/etc/nginx/sites-available/default?- let's modify it as follows:

nano?/etc/nginx/sites-available/default

[...] server?{listen?80?default_server;listen?[::]:80?default_server;#?SSL?configuration##?listen?443?ssl?default_server;#?listen?[::]:443?ssl?default_server;##?Note:?You?should?disable?gzip?for?SSL?traffic.#?See:?https://bugs.debian.org/773332##?Read?up?on?ssl_ciphers?to?ensure?a?secure?configuration.#?See:?https://bugs.debian.org/765782##?Self?signed?certs?generated?by?the?ssl-cert?package#?Don't?use?them?in?a?production?server!##?include?snippets/snakeoil.conf;root?/var/www/html;#?Add?index.php?to?the?list?if?you?are?using?PHPindex?index.html?index.htm?index.nginx-debian.html;server_name?_;location?/?{#?First?attempt?to?serve?request?as?file,?then#?as?directory,?then?fall?back?to?displaying?a?404.try_files?$uri?$uri/?=404;}#?pass?the?PHP?scripts?to?FastCGI?server?listening?on?127.0.0.1:9000#location?~?\.php$?{include?snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;#?With?php7.0-cgi?alone:#?fastcgi_pass?127.0.0.1:9000;#?With?php7.0-fpm:fastcgi_pass?unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;}#?deny?access?to?.htaccess?files,?if?Apache's?document?root#?concurs?with?nginx's?one#location?~?/\.ht?{deny?all;} } [...]

server_name _;?makes this a default catchall vhost (of course, you can as well specify a hostname here like?www.example.com).

root /var/www/html;?means that the document root is the directory?/var/www/html.

The important part for PHP is the?location ~ \.php$ {}?stanza. Uncomment it to enable it.

Now save the file and reload nginx:

service nginx reload

Next open?/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini...

nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini

... and set?cgi.fix_pathinfo=0:

[...] ;?cgi.fix_pathinfo?provides?*real*?PATH_INFO/PATH_TRANSLATED?support?for?CGI.??PHP's ;?previous?behaviour?was?to?set?PATH_TRANSLATED?to?SCRIPT_FILENAME,?and?to?not?grok ;?what?PATH_INFO?is.??For?more?information?on?PATH_INFO,?see?the?cgi?specs.??Setting ;?this?to?1?will?cause?PHP?CGI?to?fix?its?paths?to?conform?to?the?spec.??A?setting ;?of?zero?causes?PHP?to?behave?as?before.??Default?is?1.??You?should?fix?your?scripts ;?to?use?SCRIPT_FILENAME?rather?than?PATH_TRANSLATED. ;?http://php.net/cgi.fix-pathinfo cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 [...]

Reload PHP-FPM:

service php7.0-fpm reload

Now create the following PHP file in the document root?/var/www/html:

nano /var/www/html/info.php

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Now we call that file in a browser (e.g.?http://192.168.1.100/info.php):

As you see, PHP 7 is working, and it's working through FPM/FastCGI, as shown in the?Server API?line. If you scroll further down, you will see all modules that are already enabled in PHP. MySQL is not listed there which means we don't have MySQL support in PHP yet.

?

6 Getting MySQL Support In PHP 7

To get MySQL support in PHP, we can install the?php7.0-mysql?package. It's a good idea to install some other PHP modules as well as you might need them for your applications. You can search for available PHP modules like this:

apt-cache search php7.0

Pick the ones you need and install them like this:

apt-get -y install php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php7.0-gd php7.0-intl php-pear php-imagick php7.0-imap php7.0-mcrypt php-memcache? php7.0-pspell php7.0-recode php7.0-sqlite3 php7.0-tidy php7.0-xmlrpc php7.0-xsl?php7.0-mbstring?php-gettext

APCu is an extension for the PHP Opcache?module that comes with PHP 7, it adds some compatibility features for software that supports the APC cache (e.g. Wordpress cache plugins).

APCu can be installed as follows:

apt-get -y install php-apcu

Now reload PHP-FPM:

service php7.0-fpm reload

Now reload?http://192.168.1.100/info.php?in your browser and scroll down to the modules section again. You should now find lots of new modules there, including the MySQL module:

?

7 Making PHP-FPM use a TCP Connection

By default PHP-FPM is listening on the socket?/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock. It is also possible to make PHP-FPM use a TCP connection. To do this, open?/etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf...

nano /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

... and make the?listen?line look as follows:

[...] ;listen?=?/var/run/php5-fpm.sock listen?=?127.0.0.1:9000 [...]

This will make PHP-FPM listen on port?9000?on the IP?127.0.0.1?(localhost). Make sure you use a port that is not in use on your system.

Then reload PHP-FPM:

php7.0-fpm reload

Next go through your nginx configuration and all your vhosts and change the line?fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;?tofastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;, e.g. like this:

nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

[...]location?~?\.php$?{include?snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;#?With?php7.0-cgi?alone:fastcgi_pass?127.0.0.1:9000;#?With?php7.0-fpm:#?fastcgi_pass?unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;} [...]

Finally, reload nginx:

service nginx reload

That's it. The Nginx LEMP server is installed.?

8 Links

• nginx:?http://nginx.net/

• nginx Wiki:?http://wiki.codemongers.com/Main

• PHP:?http://www.php.net/

• PHP-FPM:?http://php-fpm.org/

• MySQL:?http://www.mysql.com/

• Ubuntu:?http://www.ubuntu.com/

?

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/caochun/1783795

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的LNMP/LEMP(PHP7.0.04+mysql5.7.12+nginx1.10.0)的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。